Y5 - BCC Flashcards
def
common skin neoplasm
what is BCC related to
sunlight
what is BCC also known as
basal cell epithelioma as it rarely metastasises
epi
very common increases with age
why is BCC more common in australia than the UK
associated with increased exposure to sunlight
aetiology
repetitive and frequent sun exposure
how does sunlight cause BCC
UV radiation induces DNA damage in keratinocytes
what is the most damaging form of UV light
290-320nm wavelength
what gene mutations are associated with BCC
p53 sonic hedgehog signalling cascade
what are risk factors for BCC
sun exposure UV radiation +XRs
what do sunbeds increase the risk of
SCC and MM but not BCC
what is basal cell naevus syndrome
AKA gorlin-goltz syndrome autosomal dominant broad face, rib deformities
history
a small firm raised swelling on the skin with visible blood vessels and rolled smooth edges there may be a non-healing wound or scab on the swelling
how common is metastasis with BCC
uncommon
investigations
biopsy for dermatohistopathology
how is basal cell carcinoma diagnosed
histology
what would be seen on histology with BCC
basophilic (blue) hyperchromatic cells with high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio hypercellular stroma
what sorts of biopsy is there
punch biopsy shave biospy
when should a punch biopsy be used
cosmetically non-challenging areas (diagnosis and treatment)
when should a shave biopsy be used
cosmetically challenging areas (face)
management for basal cell naevus syndrome
treat any coexisting BCCs with conventional therapy -vismodegib
management for a low-risk BCC in a non-challenging area
surgery to remove BCC OR curettage and cautery
what is curretage and cautery
lesion is scraped off and heat applied to the skin surface
management for a low-risk BCC in a challenging area
Mohs surgery
