Y11 Mock Organisation

Question 1

what are cells

Answer 1

the basic building blocks of all living organisms

Question 2

what is tissue

Answer 2

a group of cells with a similar structure and function

Question 3

what is an organ

Answer 3

a combination of tissues carrying out a specific function

Question 4

what is an organ system

Answer 4

organs work together within an organ system

Question 5

what is an organism

Answer 5

organs working together

Question 6

how does the heart pump blood around the body

Answer 6

in a double circulatory system

Question 7

what does the right ventricle do

Answer 7

pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to take in oxygen

Question 8

what does the left ventricle do

Answer 8

pumps oxygenated blood around the rest of the body

Question 9

what do valves do

Answer 9

make sure the blood flows in the right direction and prevent backflow

Question 10

process of pumping blood steps

Answer 10

blood flows into the two atria from the vena cava and pulmonary vein
atria contract pushing blood into the ventricles
the ventricles contract forcing blood into the pulmonary artery and the aorta and out of the heart
the blood then flows to the organs through arteries and returns through veins
the atria fill again and cycle restarts

Question 11

what do arteries do

Answer 11

carry blood away from the heart

Question 12

what do capillaries do

Answer 12

involved in the exchange of materials at the tissue

Question 13

what do veins do

Answer 13

carry blood to the heart

Question 14

features of arteries

Answer 14

pump blood at high pressure
strong elastic walls
thick walls compared to lumen

Question 15

features of capillaries

Answer 15

tiny
carry blood close to every cell
permeable walls
supply food and oxygen and take away co2
one cell thick walls

Question 16

features of veins

Answer 16

capillaries joined up
low blood pressure
bigger lumen then arteries to aid blood flow
contain valves

Question 17

what is coronary heart disease

Answer 17

layers of fatty material build up in the coronary arteries, narrowing them and reducing blood flow which results in a lack of oxygen for the heart

Question 18

what can coronary heart disease lead to

Answer 18

heart attacks

Question 19

what are stents

Answer 19

metal mesh tubes that keep arteries open to allow blood to flow through

Question 20

advantages of stents

Answer 20

lower risk of heart attack
recovery time from surgery is quick

Question 21

disadvantages of stents

Answer 21

risk of heart attack or infection during procedure
chance that blood clots form near the stent

Question 22

what are statins

Answer 22

drugs that decreases the levels of LDL cholesterol which could lead to coronary heart disease

Question 23

advantages of statins

Answer 23

reduce risks of strokes, coronary heart disease, heart attacks
increase levels of HDL cholesterol

Question 24

disadvantages of statins

Answer 24

inconvenient as need to be taken continuously
can have side effects
may not have immediate effects

Question 25

what are artificial valves

Answer 25

man made valves to replace stiff or damages valves

Question 26

advantages of artificial valves

Answer 26

last a long time

Question 27

disadvantages of artificial valves

Answer 27

constant medication needed to stop blood clotting around the valve

Question 28

features of the alveoli

Answer 28

air sacs that are surrounded by a capillary network
gas exchange happens here
oxygen diffuses out of the alveolus into the blood
carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood into the alveoli

Question 29

features of the trachea

Answer 29

connects mouth and bronchi
brings air into the lungs
rings of cartilage prevent it collapsing

Question 30

features of bronchus

Answer 30

branches off the trachea to bring air into the lungs
supported by rings of cartilage

Question 31

features of bronchiole

Answer 31

branch off the bronchi