The Heart Flashcards
which side of the heart is bigger?
left
what does the pulmonary artery do?
pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs
what side is the pulmonary artery on?
right side
what does the aorta do?
carries oxygenated blood at a high pressure to the whole body
what does the valve do?
prevents backflow
what do the pulmonary veins do?
oxygenated blood enters through them
where does the right side supply?
the lungs
where does the left side supply?
the whole body
what do the coronary arteries do?
supply the heart with the oxygen it requires
where does deoxygenated blood enter the right atrium through?
the vena cava
where does oxygenated blood enter the left atrium?
through the pulmonary vein
how does blood move to a ventricle?
through a valve
where does blood travel to the lungs through?
the pulmonary artery
where does the blood travel to the whole body through?
the aorta
what is a double pump system?
where blood is pumped to the lungs by the right side of the heart and blood is pumped to the body by the left side of the heart
which direction do arteries go?
away from the heart
how is blood carried around the body?
blood vessels
what type of blood do arteries carry?
oxygenated blood at a high pressure
what is the lumen?
the hole in the middle of the artery
what is the lumen lined with?
smooth endothelial cells that reduce friction
what type of blood do the capillaries carry?
oxygenated and deoxygenated
what is the structure of capillaries?
tiny blood vessels with narrow lumens to slow blood down
how do capillaries allow diffusion?
small holes in their walls
what type of blood do veins carry?
deoxygenated blood
where do veins carry blood to?
from capillaries back to the heart and lungs
why is the blood in veins at a low pressure?
it has lost its oxygen and left the heart a while ago
what are platelets
cell fragments essential to blood clotting
what are white blood cells
cells that defend the body against disease by destroying bacteria
what are red blood cells
cells that have no nucleus to transport oxygen around the body
what is plasma
a liquid that transports the other blood components
what an be transported by plasma
urea
hormones
vitamins
amino acids
antibodies
enzymes
glycerol
protein
water
carbon dioxide
what is cardiac output?
amount of blood the heart pumps in one minute
cardiac output equation
heart rate x stroke volume
factors that effect heart health
diet
exercise
drugs alcohol and smoking
coronary heart disease effects on the body
narrows the arteries
reduces blood travelling through the coronary arteries
reduces the amount of oxygen to the heart
heart cells die
what is coronary heart disease
layers of fatty material build up inside the coronary arteries
what is a faulty heart valve
valves may not fully open or the heart valve may develop a leak
