(X) topic 2 religious changes

Question 1

what was the gist of northumberland’s religious policy

Answer 1

genuine protestant, with fairly radical views as seen in his support of john hooper & cramner

Question 2

what religious law was passed in 1550 & what did it mean

Answer 2

the new ordinal, replaced the divine ordination of priests with a government-run appointment system

authorised ministers to preach the gospel and administer the sacraments

Question 3

what is royal supreme head

Answer 3

what declared edward as the head of the church & not the pope

Question 4

new treason act year & month

Answer 4

JAN 1552

Question 5

what did the jan 1552 new treason act say

Answer 5

enforced the Royal Supremacy and meant that it was almost impossible to go against Catholicism.

Question 6

when did the second book of common prayer get introduced

Answer 6

jan 1552. the protestant stances are set in stone!

Question 7

how was the second book of common prayer declared legitimate

Answer 7

by the second act of uniformity that was passed in april 1552

Question 8

what were the forty two articles & what was their fate

Answer 8

articles that summarised the new edwardian protestant religion of england

never passed due to edwards death

Question 9

how did northumberland learn from somersets mistakes

Answer 9

saw that being wishywashy about religion didnt work, so introduced the second book of common prayer & committed fully

catholic on the privy council had been outmaneuvered & had lost their power & influence on the king

Question 10

run me through how northumberland gets to power again

Answer 10

1. Anti-Somerset faction developed
2. Rebellions happen, lots of them
3. Edward becomes ill and claims he is being kept prisoner by Somerset
4. Somerset takes Edward VI to Hampton Court and Windsor Castle in an attempt to stay in power
5. Northumberland brings in allies and removes his opponents from the PC
6. Leading Catholics were eventually dismissed in 1550 and Northumberland makes himself Lord President

Question 11

define idolatry

Answer 11

worshipping of a non jesus

Question 12

define laity

Answer 12

used to refer to normal people, not members of the church

Question 13

what did the govt do in jan 1550 to mark the proper change in religion

Answer 13

destroyed all old catholic service books

Question 14

how was the rejection of idolatry further emphasised in autumn 1550

Answer 14

NOV. all bishops are instructed to pluck down the altars as a rejection of the idolatry of catholicism

Question 15

who was stephen gardiner, specifically what did he do with religion

Answer 15

lord chancellor to mary, approved of the persecution of the protestants

Question 16

who was william paget

Answer 16

appointed to the privy council by mary because of his religious beliefs despite his lack of experience. conservative but more tolerant than gardiner

Question 17

who was john foxe

Answer 17

protestant who went into exile during marys reign. wrote the book of martyrs which described the burnings of marys reign

Question 18

what were marys main religious aims

Answer 18

• Undo the religious changes made since 1529
• Restore papal authority
• Restore traditional Catholic practices and belief in transubstantiation
• Secure a long-term future for Catholicism by marrying and having children
Persecute those who did not agree with her views

Question 19

whats with the burnings

Answer 19

over 300 protestants burned for their beliefs in 2 years. she believed this not to be cruel, but a just punishment

Question 20

how did mary go about deleting what edward had achieved

Answer 20

first act of repeal in 1547

Question 21

what catholic practices & beliefs were first to be reintroduced

Answer 21

suspended act of uniformity
reintroduction of heresy & treason laws
royal injunctions - restoration of catholic practices eg. holy days

Question 22

what was the initial sign of support for mary

Answer 22

Large numbers turned up for marys coronation suggests here rule was welcome, whether that was because she was more legitiamate than lady jane grey or her religion cant be known

Question 23

how was parliament against some of marys decisions

Answer 23

initially refused to repeal the act of supremacy as there were anti papal sentiments
slight factionalism in parliament between gardiner & paget
parliament rejected the reintroduction of heresy laws & only let them slide once mary gave in to not returning monastic land

Question 24

rebellion against mary?

Answer 24

wyatts rebellion in jan 1554 is argued to be a response to religious change, but also might be about her marriage

Question 25

emigration away from mary???

Answer 25

Many protestants left england for germany and switzerland (around 800) but ofc this wasn’t an option for the less well off who ig stayed in england & spoke bad of her behind her back

Question 26

2 “friends” that mary had to kill off when they stopped agreeing with her

Answer 26

Cranmer had committed treason by support jane grey & was executed, this allowed him the opportunity to withdraw his incantations
Gardiner when he proposed the persecution might not be working & he started holding her back

Question 27

mary has to compromise on property rights

Answer 27

mary recognises the authority of parliament in religious matters, but also prevents a full scale restoration of catholicism as there were not a large number of monastries refunded

Question 28

name 3 people that supported marys religious change

Answer 28

cardinal pole, william paget, pope

Question 29

name 3 people that opposed marys religious change

Answer 29

cramner, gardiner, john foxe

Question 30

how did protestantism continue under mary

Answer 30

Most protestant literature was printed abroad & smuggled into england & the existence from edward’s reign of some 19000 copes of the second prayer book meant that a protestant underground could be sustained

Question 31

how did mary fail to turn england into a catholic country

Answer 31

failure to produce heir really impacted things
limited time
couldnt bring back chantries or monastries
lots of opposition to marys treatment of protestants