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Y106 flashcards > (A) topic 1 government of henry 7th > Flashcards

(A) topic 1 government of henry 7th Flashcards

1
Q

henry tudor became king by

A

Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in Aug 1485

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2
Q

from where did henry tudor enter the uk

A

through the south of wales because he had family there.

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3
Q

how was sir william stanley vital to the outcome of the battle of bosworth

A

he stepped in at the last minute to support henry with his army. it changed the course of the battle and allowed henry to win

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4
Q

why was henry’s position on the throne weak

A

had weak blood ties to the throne
was a stranger to england
knew little about governing.

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5
Q

what issues did henry face after the battle of bosworth

A

lots of conspiracies against him from yorkists who didnt want him on the throne

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6
Q

what were henry initial aims as king

A

security, to establish a dynasty

financial security, tax people lots

wanted to show england to be a united country, in marrying elizabeth of york

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7
Q

sanctuaries??

A

where the church can offer protection to criminals from the law for up to 40 days. becoming a source of dispute with the crown

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8
Q

the gist of the lovell and stafford uprising

A

while henry 7th was travelling north 1486 on a royal progress, they tried an ambush

henry continued on with his life, but sent an army to offer ultimatum: pardon or death
lovell fled to flanders but the staffords were captured arrested, one executed and the other changed loyalties

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9
Q

how do all these rebellions make henry look

A

it only boosted the reputation of Henry as a vigilant and cut throat king, who wouldn’t stand for any rebellions. They were made an example of as seen in the quick executions.

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10
Q

who was young lambert simnel pretending to be

A

edward iv (one of the boys in tower)

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11
Q

list me some people who supported lambert simnel

A

the yorkists really want a yorkist on the throne

margaret of burgundy gave some money and soldiers (2k)

the irish !!! they officially crowned him ed iv

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12
Q

when did the simnel rebellion really get going and how

A

in june 1487 they start to march south from lancasire but not many people joined

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13
Q

the lambert simnel rebellion it all comes to a head with a battle

A

the battle of stoke sees lincoln’s 8000 men face the royal army of 12,000 and ill let u guess who wins. the man himself is thought to be dead

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14
Q

punishments for the lambert simnel rebellion?

A

symonds the priest got life in prison

simnel was sent to work in the royal kitchen (aww henry realised he was just a young boy being exploited)

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15
Q

how was this lambert simnel rebellion a success

A

lasted many months, where henry was not aware/on top of it

got assistance from lots of people who believed simnel’s claims

battle of stoke was not easily won

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16
Q

how was this lambert simnel rebellion a failure

A

army didnt stand a chance against the bigger and better royal army

failed to gain widespread support when it mattered most

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17
Q

who was richard symonds

A

a priest from oxford that hyped up pretender lambert simnel. he crowned and bore witness to him becoming king

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18
Q

who is perkin warbeck

A

1491 he walzed onto the scene in ireland, a french boy saying he is richard duke of york

this is an issue becuase henry cant disprove it cos then hed be admitting he killed him

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19
Q

spy network first victim

A

implicates sir william stanley, leading courtier who was a massive help in the battle of bosworth. his executiong showed henry would spare no one

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20
Q

sep 1497 seven year truce between scotland is signed

A

TREATY OF AYTON

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21
Q

the perkin warbeck rebellion ended with a whimper

A

warbeck goes to south west england to find support NO devon NO exeter NO taunton NO. warbeck has been abonded by his followers save a couple thousand + he flees to sanctuary in hampshire where he makes a full confession

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22
Q

punishment the perkin warbeck rebellion ??

A

lived at court, escaped, in tower of london, made plans to cause trouble
1499 warbeck was hanged

earl of warwick was found guilty of treason + executed a week later

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23
Q

retainer

A

small armed force kept by a noble

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24
Q

order of the garter

A

highest order of chivalry similar to a prize form knighthood

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25
Q

bonds and recognizances

A

written agreements - nobles who offended the king had to pay money as a guarantee of good behaviour

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26
Q

acts of attainder

A

bill passed declaring that person a criminal

encourages loyalty as good behaviour could result in its reversal

using fear tactics, might not result in actual loyalty, just people not wanted to loose out. made him unpopular.

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27
Q

limited retainers

A

In 1504, made proclamation that one needs a license to retains, and there are heavy fines to instill this. People didn’t have the means to oppose him directly.

unable to abolish it completely.

28
Q

feudal rights

A

the feudal lord had the right to take a tenant’s land if he died without heirs; if he did have heirs, the lord was entitled to compensation

29
Q

restoration of crown lands

A

getting land back from nobles.

the crown had 5x more land by the end of Henry VII’s reign than in the reign of Henry VI.

30
Q

innovation of henry 7th to reward his people!!! without rly giving them more power

A

he came up with innovative ways to reward his nobility - order of the garter or seat at kings council - without giving them extra land or wealth that might result in them becoming overly powerful

31
Q

henrys main aims

A 
country economically + financially stable
become king
eliminate opposition
unite york + lancastire
create tudor dynasty
stabilise power dynamics
32
Q

sort of invented the central govt - kings council

A

small core group of councillers to advise king

eg. john morton + richard fox

33
Q

two smaller committees to improve efficiency

A

court of requests + council learned in law

34
Q

the court of requests AKA the court for poor men’s causes

A

dealt with individual requests from normal people

35
Q

council learned in law

A

legal committee - no jury so as to prevent bribery

the council learned particularly hated & resented. so much so that upon henry’s death, both the leaders were both promtly arrested for fraud and executed

36
Q

court of general surveryors

A

checked revenue coming from lands that was owned by the king under the fuedal system

37
Q

personnel in govt nickname

A

came from the church + nobility. steven gunn called them the “new men” serving the “new monarchy”

38
Q

clerics

A

the educated buch of the council

39
Q

new men

A

tenry didn’t rely on noblemen, but took anyone with an education to work with him - he needed servants who understood auditing and property laws and administrative skills.

there became more a reliance on gentry than the aristocracy

40
Q

justices of the peace

A

lesser landowners who were in charge of upholding law and order as well as had the ability to hold courts

41
Q

what does it mean to prorogue

A

to suspent parliment without formally dissolving it

42
Q

extraordinary revenue

A

money that was not ordinary and usually raised on in times of need from taxation or in times of emergency

43
Q

fuedal dues

A

money that goes to the king by those who held land from him, in return for avoiding military service

44
Q

wardship

A

money that was not ordinary and usually raised on in times of need from taxation or in times of emergency

45
Q

why did henry 7th need to increase royal funds

A 
to afford his lavish lifestyle
protect scottish boarder
fund army
reward gentry
inherited debt
46
Q

henrys ways of getting money

A 
parliament
wardship
bonds and recognisances
acts of attainder
treaty of etaples
fuedal dues
47
Q

change in annual income under henry 7th

A

the annual income from the crown lands had increased from £29,000 in 1495 to £42,000 in 1509

48
Q

change in crown income under henry 7th from one year to the next STAT

A

the crown income rose to about £113k

which was still much smaller than the income of the french king at the time which was about £800k per year

49
Q

list some yorkist weaknesses

A

lack of a figurehead: richard 3rd died, as did his brother.
margaret made her prescence known by supporting rebels, but couldnt be leader as she was a woman

rebels were quickly despelled eg. edward, earl of warwick + lamber simnel
failure to collect large amount of people to go into battle

50
Q

list how the reconciliation of yorkists happened

A

henry marries elizabeth of york (R3’s neice)

united the two houses with the tudor rose that was everywhere

achieved pledge of loyalty from one of R3’s nephews (the other was left in the tower but oh well)

51
Q

henrys attempts to control the nobility

A 
act of attainder
order of the garter
limiting retainders
fuedal rights
kings council
bonds and recognances
52
Q

how was henrys aim to increase royal funds successful

A

gained 5x land
max crown income was 113k
many criminal acts were moved to be punishable by fines rather than prison

53
Q

how was henrys aim to increase royal funds unsuccessful

A

LOTS of opposition to taxation
had to take out loans for coronation + wedding
smuggling continued, failed to get a control on customs tax

54
Q

henrys struggle to get control in ireland

A

managed control in the pale, the area around dublin

1494 ponyings law was a failure! henry sort of admitted defeat + moved to allow the traditional irish families to keep control of the area

55
Q

year of lovell conspiracy

A

1486

56
Q

who was at the head of the lovel conspiracy

A

lovel + the two stafford brothers

yorkists + best mates with R3

57
Q

the lovell conspiracy wasnt that serious…

A

didnt even stop the royal progess + helped henry get a rep as an upholder of justice and the law

58
Q

year of the cornish rebellion

A

may 1497

59
Q

reasons for the cornish rebellion

A

being asked to pay tax for a potential invasion from the northern border (warbeck x scottish vibes) but arent bothered bc its so far

60
Q

play by play of the cornish rebellion

A

rebels marched all the way to london (15k)

henrys army of 25k easily crushed the rebellion at blackheath

all leaders were killed or heavily fined

61
Q

why was the cornish rebellion not too serious

A

they werent actually trying to kill henry, they had placed the blame of the unfounded tax on the counsellers instead

62
Q

why was the cornish rebellion a bit deep

A

this is a whole decade into henrys reign, and he’s not getting any let up !!
all leaders were killed or heavily fined, suggests henry was taking it seriously

63
Q

perkin warbeck was the longest running rebel

A

1491-99

64
Q

who was perkin warbeck pretending to be

A

richard of shrewbury, duke of york

one of the boys in the tower, assumption being that since he was actually been killed, henry couldnt parade him around

65
Q

there were international levels to warbecks rebellion

A

had support of holy roman emperer at the time, maximilian

margaret of burgundy

william stanley, lord chamberlain! found through spy network

married james iv of scots’S COUSIN

66
Q

lambert simnel was pretending to be

A

edward, earl of warwick

67
Q

so u dont need to think… rank the rebellions under henry vii from most to least serious

A

perkin warbeck

lambert simnel

yorkshire rebellion

cornish rebellion

lovell conspiracy

Y106 flashcards (7 decks)

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