(A) topic 1 government of henry 7th

Question 1

henry tudor became king by

Answer 1

Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in Aug 1485

Question 2

from where did henry tudor enter the uk

Answer 2

through the south of wales because he had family there.

Question 3

how was sir william stanley vital to the outcome of the battle of bosworth

Answer 3

he stepped in at the last minute to support henry with his army. it changed the course of the battle and allowed henry to win

Question 4

why was henry’s position on the throne weak

Answer 4

had weak blood ties to the throne
was a stranger to england
knew little about governing.

Question 5

what issues did henry face after the battle of bosworth

Answer 5

lots of conspiracies against him from yorkists who didnt want him on the throne

Question 6

what were henry initial aims as king

Answer 6

security, to establish a dynasty

financial security, tax people lots

wanted to show england to be a united country, in marrying elizabeth of york

Question 7

sanctuaries??

Answer 7

where the church can offer protection to criminals from the law for up to 40 days. becoming a source of dispute with the crown

Question 8

the gist of the lovell and stafford uprising

Answer 8

while henry 7th was travelling north 1486 on a royal progress, they tried an ambush

henry continued on with his life, but sent an army to offer ultimatum: pardon or death
lovell fled to flanders but the staffords were captured arrested, one executed and the other changed loyalties

Question 9

how do all these rebellions make henry look

Answer 9

it only boosted the reputation of Henry as a vigilant and cut throat king, who wouldn’t stand for any rebellions. They were made an example of as seen in the quick executions.

Question 10

who was young lambert simnel pretending to be

Answer 10

edward iv (one of the boys in tower)

Question 11

list me some people who supported lambert simnel

Answer 11

the yorkists really want a yorkist on the throne

margaret of burgundy gave some money and soldiers (2k)

the irish !!! they officially crowned him ed iv

Question 12

when did the simnel rebellion really get going and how

Answer 12

in june 1487 they start to march south from lancasire but not many people joined

Question 13

the lambert simnel rebellion it all comes to a head with a battle

Answer 13

the battle of stoke sees lincoln’s 8000 men face the royal army of 12,000 and ill let u guess who wins. the man himself is thought to be dead

Question 14

punishments for the lambert simnel rebellion?

Answer 14

symonds the priest got life in prison

simnel was sent to work in the royal kitchen (aww henry realised he was just a young boy being exploited)

Question 15

how was this lambert simnel rebellion a success

Answer 15

lasted many months, where henry was not aware/on top of it

got assistance from lots of people who believed simnel’s claims

battle of stoke was not easily won

Question 16

how was this lambert simnel rebellion a failure

Answer 16

army didnt stand a chance against the bigger and better royal army

failed to gain widespread support when it mattered most

Question 17

who was richard symonds

Answer 17

a priest from oxford that hyped up pretender lambert simnel. he crowned and bore witness to him becoming king

Question 18

who is perkin warbeck

Answer 18

1491 he walzed onto the scene in ireland, a french boy saying he is richard duke of york

this is an issue becuase henry cant disprove it cos then hed be admitting he killed him

Question 19

spy network first victim

Answer 19

implicates sir william stanley, leading courtier who was a massive help in the battle of bosworth. his executiong showed henry would spare no one

Question 20

sep 1497 seven year truce between scotland is signed

Answer 20

TREATY OF AYTON

Question 21

the perkin warbeck rebellion ended with a whimper

Answer 21

warbeck goes to south west england to find support NO devon NO exeter NO taunton NO. warbeck has been abonded by his followers save a couple thousand + he flees to sanctuary in hampshire where he makes a full confession

Question 22

punishment the perkin warbeck rebellion ??

Answer 22

lived at court, escaped, in tower of london, made plans to cause trouble
1499 warbeck was hanged

earl of warwick was found guilty of treason + executed a week later

Question 23

retainer

Answer 23

small armed force kept by a noble

Question 24

order of the garter

Answer 24

highest order of chivalry similar to a prize form knighthood

Question 25

bonds and recognizances

Answer 25

written agreements - nobles who offended the king had to pay money as a guarantee of good behaviour

Question 26

acts of attainder

Answer 26

bill passed declaring that person a criminal encourages loyalty as good behaviour could result in its reversal using fear tactics, might not result in actual loyalty, just people not wanted to loose out. made him unpopular.

Question 27

limited retainers

Answer 27

In 1504, made proclamation that one needs a license to retains, and there are heavy fines to instill this. People didn’t have the means to oppose him directly. unable to abolish it completely.

Question 28

feudal rights

Answer 28

the feudal lord had the right to take a tenant's land if he died without heirs; if he did have heirs, the lord was entitled to compensation

Question 29

restoration of crown lands

Answer 29

getting land back from nobles. the crown had 5x more land by the end of Henry VII's reign than in the reign of Henry VI.

Question 30

innovation of henry 7th to reward his people!!! without rly giving them more power

Answer 30

he came up with innovative ways to reward his nobility - order of the garter or seat at kings council - without giving them extra land or wealth that might result in them becoming overly powerful

Question 31

henrys main aims

Answer 31

``` country economically + financially stable become king eliminate opposition unite york + lancastire create tudor dynasty stabilise power dynamics ```

Question 32

sort of invented the central govt - kings council

Answer 32

small core group of councillers to advise king eg. john morton + richard fox

Question 33

two smaller committees to improve efficiency

Answer 33

court of requests + council learned in law

Question 34

the court of requests AKA the court for poor men's causes

Answer 34

dealt with individual requests from normal people

Question 35

council learned in law

Answer 35

legal committee - no jury so as to prevent bribery the council learned particularly hated & resented. so much so that upon henry's death, both the leaders were both promtly arrested for fraud and executed

Question 36

court of general surveryors

Answer 36

checked revenue coming from lands that was owned by the king under the fuedal system

Question 37

personnel in govt nickname

Answer 37

came from the church + nobility. steven gunn called them the "new men" serving the "new monarchy"

Question 38

clerics

Answer 38

the educated buch of the council

Question 39

new men

Answer 39

tenry didn’t rely on noblemen, but took anyone with an education to work with him - he needed servants who understood auditing and property laws and administrative skills. there became more a reliance on gentry than the aristocracy

Question 40

justices of the peace

Answer 40

lesser landowners who were in charge of upholding law and order as well as had the ability to hold courts

Question 41

what does it mean to prorogue

Answer 41

to suspent parliment without formally dissolving it

Question 42

extraordinary revenue

Answer 42

money that was not ordinary and usually raised on in times of need from taxation or in times of emergency

Question 43

fuedal dues

Answer 43

money that goes to the king by those who held land from him, in return for avoiding military service

Question 44

wardship

Answer 44

money that was not ordinary and usually raised on in times of need from taxation or in times of emergency

Question 45

why did henry 7th need to increase royal funds

Answer 45

``` to afford his lavish lifestyle protect scottish boarder fund army reward gentry inherited debt ```

Question 46

henrys ways of getting money

Answer 46

``` parliament wardship bonds and recognisances acts of attainder treaty of etaples fuedal dues ```

Question 47

change in annual income under henry 7th

Answer 47

the annual income from the crown lands had increased from £29,000 in 1495 to £42,000 in 1509

Question 48

change in crown income under henry 7th from one year to the next STAT

Answer 48

the crown income rose to about £113k which was still much smaller than the income of the french king at the time which was about £800k per year

Question 49

list some yorkist weaknesses

Answer 49

lack of a figurehead: richard 3rd died, as did his brother. margaret made her prescence known by supporting rebels, but couldnt be leader as she was a woman rebels were quickly despelled eg. edward, earl of warwick + lamber simnel failure to collect large amount of people to go into battle

Question 50

list how the reconciliation of yorkists happened

Answer 50

henry marries elizabeth of york (R3's neice) united the two houses with the tudor rose that was everywhere achieved pledge of loyalty from one of R3's nephews (the other was left in the tower but oh well)

Question 51

henrys attempts to control the nobility

Answer 51

``` act of attainder order of the garter limiting retainders fuedal rights kings council bonds and recognances ```

Question 52

how was henrys aim to increase royal funds successful

Answer 52

gained 5x land max crown income was 113k many criminal acts were moved to be punishable by fines rather than prison

Question 53

how was henrys aim to increase royal funds unsuccessful

Answer 53

LOTS of opposition to taxation had to take out loans for coronation + wedding smuggling continued, failed to get a control on customs tax

Question 54

henrys struggle to get control in ireland

Answer 54

managed control in the pale, the area around dublin 1494 ponyings law was a failure! henry sort of admitted defeat + moved to allow the traditional irish families to keep control of the area

Question 55

year of lovell conspiracy

Answer 55

1486

Question 56

who was at the head of the lovel conspiracy

Answer 56

lovel + the two stafford brothers yorkists + best mates with R3

Question 57

the lovell conspiracy wasnt that serious...

Answer 57

didnt even stop the royal progess + helped henry get a rep as an upholder of justice and the law

Question 58

year of the cornish rebellion

Answer 58

may 1497

Question 59

reasons for the cornish rebellion

Answer 59

being asked to pay tax for a potential invasion from the northern border (warbeck x scottish vibes) but arent bothered bc its so far

Question 60

play by play of the cornish rebellion

Answer 60

rebels marched all the way to london (15k) henrys army of 25k easily crushed the rebellion at blackheath all leaders were killed or heavily fined

Question 61

why was the cornish rebellion not too serious

Answer 61

they werent actually trying to kill henry, they had placed the blame of the unfounded tax on the counsellers instead

Question 62

why was the cornish rebellion a bit deep

Answer 62

this is a whole decade into henrys reign, and he's not getting any let up !! all leaders were killed or heavily fined, suggests henry was taking it seriously

Question 63

perkin warbeck was the longest running rebel

Answer 63

1491-99

Question 64

who was perkin warbeck pretending to be

Answer 64

richard of shrewbury, duke of york one of the boys in the tower, assumption being that since he was actually been killed, henry couldnt parade him around

Question 65

there were international levels to warbecks rebellion

Answer 65

had support of holy roman emperer at the time, maximilian margaret of burgundy william stanley, lord chamberlain! found through spy network married james iv of scots'S COUSIN

Question 66

lambert simnel was pretending to be

Answer 66

edward, earl of warwick

Question 67

so u dont need to think... rank the rebellions under henry vii from most to least serious

Answer 67

perkin warbeck lambert simnel yorkshire rebellion cornish rebellion lovell conspiracy