X-RAY MACHINE Flashcards
COMPONENT PARTS of an X-RAY MACHINE
- Control panel
- Extension arm/support arm
- Tubehead
Has the different dials and selections that control the
different factors for x-ray production
CONTROL PANEL
Controls or it shows the
highest point of which x-rays are produced
kVp indicator
Controls the number of
electrons needed in the production of x-rays
mA regulator (MiliAmperage)
Suspends the x-ray tubehead and houses the electrical
wires that extend from the control panel to the tubehead.
EXTENSION ARM
Allows the movement or adjustment of the tubehead
towards the area to be radiographed
EXTENSION ARM
A tightly sealed, heavy metal housing that contains the x-
ray tube that produces dental x-rays
TUBEHEAD
the heart of x-
ray generating system
X-ray tubehead
Direct the x-ray beam
to the area to be radiographe
PID
Contains the angulations that were used in
taking a radiograph. It has a 5-degree angulation
Number Scale
The tubehead and the cone is positioned
parallel to the ground
Zero Angulation
The tubehead and PID is pointing
downward
Positive Angulation
The tubehead and PID is pointing
upward
Negative Angulation
It is a lead-line structure or metal body that
surrounds your tubehead; protects the x-ray tube
Metal Housing
It absorbs heat produced during x-ray
production.
Insulating Oil/Gas
It restricts and controls
the size of the x-ray beam
Lead Collimator/Lead Diaphragm
These are layers of aluminum that
functions to absorb low energy forms of radiation that are
produced during x-ray production
Aluminum Disks
Functions to bring the incoming
voltage of 110 or 220 volts to 60,000-90,000 or 100,000
volts.
Step-up Transformer
Adjusts the incoming voltage of
110 or 220 volts to just 7-10 volts
Step-down Transformer
Adjusts the voltage incase there are
fluctuations of incoming power
Auto Transformer
vacuum tube that prevents x-rays from
escaping in all directions
LEADED GLASS HOUSING
allows x-rays produced by the x-ray tube to exit the x-ray
tube
UNLEADED GLASS WINDOW
It is the negative electrode of your x-ray tube
CATHODE
o Produces the electrons when heated
o Where energy or electrons are produced.
Tungsten Filament
focusing cup
Molybdenum Cup
Where the tungsten filament is embedded
Molybdenum Cup
The positive electrode or positive side of the x-ray tube
• The direction of the flow of x-ray production
ANODE
Where the tungsten plate / target is embedded
Copper stem
The measurement of electrical force needed to move
electrons from a negative side (cathode) to a positive side
(anode) electrode
VOLTAGE
Flow of electrical energy (electrons) through a circuit
ELECTRICAL CURRENT
The current alternates between positive and negative,
resulting in a voltage waveform shaped like a sine wave.
ALTERNATING CURRENT
The conversion of AC to DC
SELF-RECTIFICATION
found in a 6ft extension cord
Activating button
PARTS OF THE LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT
On-off switch
• mA control
• Step-down transformer
PARTS OF THE HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT
kVp selector
Timer
Activating button
Refers to ionizing radiation
a. Expresses based on speed
b. Causes release of electrons from an atom
c. Long frequency or high wavelength
d. All of the given
B
Electromagnetic radiation
a. Components are parallel to each other
b. Varies based on speed of travel
c. For both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
d. None of the given
C
DOES NOT refer to x-radiation
a. Can be focused
b. Low form of ionizing radiation
c. Has mass
d. Causes objects to fluoresce
C
Voltage at which xrays are produced
a. kV
b. Either kV or kVp
c. kVP
B
binding energy of an electron has to be overcomed for an electron to be removed from its orbit Statement 2: ionization occurs when an electron is moved to another orbit
a. both statements are not correct
b. Statement 1 is correct
c. Statement 2 is correct
A
Where energy of electrons are xrays are produced except
a. Tungsten filament
b. Tungsten target
c. Focal spot
A
Restricts the size of the xray beam
a. Cone
b. Actual focal size
c. Lead diaphragm
d. All of the given
C
Highest voltage at which radiation is produced
a. kVp
b. b. KVP
c. c.mA
A
Number of electrons moving in a circuit in dental xrays machine
a. Milliamperage
b. Amperage
c. Ampere
d. Any of the given
D
Acts as filters
A. Aluminum
b. Molybdenum
c. Copper
d. lead
A
Heart of the xray generating apparatus
a. High voltage circuit
b. Anode
c. Xray tubehead and tube
d. Xray tube
D
Does not absorb heat produced during xray production
a. Copper
b. Oil
c. Molybdenum cup
d. All of the given
C
Exposure time in seconds if exposure time is 30 impulses
a. 1 sec
b. 2 sec
c. 1⁄2 sec
d. 180 sec
C
Releases electrons needed for xray production
a. all of the given
B. tungsten filament
C. Cathode
D. positive electrode
B
Exposure time in impulses if exposure time given is 1 sec
a. 1⁄6 impulse
b. 120 umpulses
c. 60 impulses
d. 1/120 impulse
C
Directs the xray beam to the area to be radiographed
a. Number scale
b. Xray tubehead
c. Xray tube
d. Position-indicating device
D
Duration of xray produced every cycle
a. 1/120 sec
b. 60 sec
c. 1/60 sec
d. 1/30 sec
A
in which part of the cycle is x rays produced
a. 2nd half of the cycle when the cathode is positive
b. first half of a cycle when the anode is
positive
c. 2nd half of a cycle as electrons interact
with the anode
d. first half of a cycle when the anode is
negative
B
how many times does current in an dental xray machine changes
a. 120 times in a second
b. 1/60th of a second
c. 01/120th of a second
d. 60x in a second
D
