WWI Flashcards

1
Q

When was WWI?

A

1914-1918

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2
Q

Why was it called a “world war”?

A

It was the first war to involves countries from all over the world.

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3
Q

When did the U.S. enter WWI?

A

1917

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4
Q

WWI was described as “The war to ___ ____ ____”.

A

end all wars

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5
Q

The ______ fought against the ______ _______ in WWI.

A

Allies vs Central Powers

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6
Q

Which 7 countries made up the Allies?

A

Belgium, Great Britain, France, Italy (from 1915), Japan, Russia, Portugal, Russia

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7
Q

Which 4 countries made up the Central Powers?

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria (from 1915) and The Ottoman Empire

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8
Q

In what year did the Germans sink the Lusitania?

A

1915

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9
Q

What were 5 causes of WWI?

A
  1. The industrial countries of Europe were competitive and wanted to expand their territory and empires. 2. For protection, some countries formed alliances so if one country was attacked, the other nations would defend it. 3. The assassination of the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand. 4. The alliances brought many countries into the war. Russia aided Serbia, then Germany declared war on Russia. France then declared war on Germany. Germany attacked Belgium so Britain fought to help Belgium. 5. Czechs, Slovaks and other Slavic people wanted freedom from Austria-Hungary
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10
Q

Who assassinated Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

A

a Serb in Sarajevo, Bosnia, a region in Central Europe that was at that time part of Austria-Hungary.

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11
Q

In response of the assassination, what did Austria-Hungary do?

A

attacked Serbia

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12
Q

What is propaganda?

A

Information that emphasizes only one side of a story. It is often used in wartime to sway public opinion.

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13
Q

What are German submarines called?

A

U-boats

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14
Q

When did U.S. start to turn against Germany?

A

When German U-boats sank the Lusitania, an unarmed British passenger ship, killing 1,200 people (which included Americans)

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15
Q

Which U.S. president eventually declared war on Germany in 1917?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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16
Q

What Treaty ended WWI?

A

Treaty of Versailles

17
Q

These 5 conditions were made following the TReaty of Versailles

A
  1. Germany was forced to give up territory to Britain, France, Belgium, Denmark, Poland, and other Allied nations 2. Germany’s army was reduced, it was forbidden for them to have subs, aircraft or tanks 3. Germany was fined $33 billion in damages to other nations for starting the war 4. The League of Nations was formed 5. Turkish territories in the Middle East, such as Palestine (now Isreal) were made protectorates (territories under protection) of Great Britain & France
18
Q

The harshness of the treaty was a major cause of ____.

A

WWII

19
Q

New technology, such as these things made warfare more horrible than people had ever imagined.

A

poisonous gases, fighter planes, machine guns, grenades and tanks

20
Q

What were trenches?

A

long, narrow ditches dug by soldiers to hide in

21
Q

The battle line that divided the Allied and Central Powers

A

Western Front

22
Q

The Western Front was ____ miles long and ran through ______ & _____ through ______.

A

450, Belgium & France to Switzerland

23
Q

What was stretched along the top of the trenches?

A

Barbed wire

24
Q

Between the 2 sides of the trenches was called ___.

A

no mans land

25
Q

Millons of soldiers were killed in the trenches, trying to advance the battle lines just a few feet. The Battle of ____, fought in Northern France, lasted from June-November 1916. During those 6 months more than a million men were killed and allies only gained ____ miles of territory.

A

Somme, 7

26
Q

Premier of France and minister of war during WWI, Georges Benjamin Clemenceau was nicknamed “____ ____” because of hi aggressive style.

A

The Tiger

27
Q

Premier of France and minister of war during WWI, Georges Benjamin Clemenceau was nicknamed “____ ____” because of his aggressive style. He helped push harsh terms in the Treaty of Versailles.

A

The Tiger

28
Q

Prime Minister of Britain from 1916-1922 ____ _____ ______ also wanted to keep Germany under control, but he feared severe penalties could lead to another war in the future. He favored justice, not revenge.

A

David Lloyd George

29
Q

Kaiser (king) ____ II ruled Germany from 1888-1918 but fled to Holland to avoid capture after Germany was defeated. He was also the grandson of Queen Victoria of England.

A

Wilhelm

30
Q

_____ II was the last czar (king) of Russia.

A

Nicholas II (He and his family were murdered by the Bolsheviks)

31
Q

Woodrow Wilson did his best to keep the U.S. out of war, and when the war was over he promoted the ____ ___ _____ to help solve disputes peacefully between countries.

A

League of Nations

32
Q

Total U.S. WWI casualties (dead & wounded)

A

323,000

33
Q

Total world casualties:

A

10 million dead and 20 million wounded