Wurzburg Flashcards
how many people were women
75-80%
who was the prince bishop
Julius Echter of Mespelbrunn
what did Julius want to do
determined to win back his territory, from the protestant heresy
behaving like the model reform bishop according to Trent
how did he display typical counter reformation behaviour
Established a university baring his name
to raise educational standards of the clergy
What was Julius successful at
re establishing catholicism in the territory and won the city of wurzburg back to the old faith through a combination of jesuit led missions
began to build baroque style buildings in line with new religious aesthetic
what hospital did Julius build
the Juliusspital
what did the juliusspital do
frame for its concern with the mentally ill as well as orphans
how many witches were killed
300 killed
who did Julius idolise
the Virgin Mary and idolised womankind in the shape of her
when did the persecutions get worse in wurzburg
under Bishop Johann Gottfried 1617-22
when did the panic reach its height
Phillip Adolf of Ehrenberg 1623-31
An example of the elite being killed
Dr Johann Fredrich who was accused of being a killed and some of those claimed to have seen the bishop himself at the witches dance
how many came from wurzburg town themselves
219 of those who were executed
what happened in the Juliasspital
allegations of witchcraft floated round
1627-1629 there were 160 people who were executed in there including 41 children
was there a stereotypical witch
at the beginning witches fit a stereotype
however towards its end members of the clergy themselves found themselves caught in the hunts
how many of the clergy were accused
1627-1628 42 public burnings
towards the end over half the burnings were clergy
why were clergy accused
the devil had corrupted even those who appeared to be the most doughty fighters against sin, ignorance and protestantism
how many people in total were accused
900 people
how did the trials end
Ehrenbergs reign and only imperial mandate 1629 put a stop to the trials
even then witch persecutions continued on a reduced scale until Schonborn who was persuaded of the innocence of the executed by Jesuit Friedrich Spee
socio economic reasons for wurzburg hunts
poor harvests in 1600 1616 1626
the authorities were being confronted with the overwhelming urgent needs of a rural world sugaring hunger
impact of central court in wurzburg
the central court oversaw the verdicts of local authorities
but it didnt dampen down the witch craze but often added fuel to the fire
an example of elite accused
ehrenbergs own nephew was accused
19/43 catholic priests were executed
25% were women
what happened in the town of Oschenfurt
1627 rumours about cannibalism spiralled
later the same year 150 citizens gathered to complain about witches
the mayor and council were strictly forbidden for further assemblies but took matter into their own hands
1627 5 more were in orusib
how did this impetus cause hunts
replaced lynchings with judicial processes
exhaustive questionnaires for suspected witches - could be over 100 questions
when did the trials come to an end
when adolphus arrived in 1631
