Navarre Flashcards

1
Q

how many cases were there in the Navarre Witch Hunts

A

almost 7,000 cases

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2
Q

what was the auto de fe

A

the confession of faith

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3
Q

in 1609 how many witches were sent to their auto-de-fe

A

31

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4
Q

how many of the first 31 witches were burned

A

11

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5
Q

what did the first 31 witches accused lead to

A

the belief a witch cult was active over a wide area
this lead to the period of grace being proclaimed during which time all those who voluntarily reported themselves and denounced their accomplices would escape punishment

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6
Q

how many witchcraft confessions were there from the Junior Inquisitor travelling around the Basque Lands

A

1,802 confessions
1,384 of which came from children
a further 5,000 accusations came from people who failed to report themselves

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7
Q

when did the Edict of Grace end

A

1613

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8
Q

What did the judges want to do with the 5,000 accusations

A

two of the judges favoured severity
however the youngest Inquisitor who travelled around the Basque region said there was no evidence and aroused scepticism
therefore due to the disagreement la Suprema intervened

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9
Q

what is the difference between the judges education

A

Salazar Frias had a degree in ecclesiastical law
Frias was well connected, when the Archbishop became Inquisitor General in 1608 he sent Salazar to serve at Logrono
Becerra and Valle had degrees in theocracy

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10
Q

during the auto-de-fe what did Salazar think about the other 2 judges

A

for the 1st two years Frias had respect for his 2 colleagues.
However, he then ventured to criticise certain points of evidence, thus saving 2 from the stake.
Before long Becerra and Valle openly implied that Frias was in league with the Devil.

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11
Q

what was Salazar’s requirements for evidence

A

must be proven by external and objective evidence sufficient to convince everyone who hears

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12
Q

what was the argument of the two judges

A

witches confessions were in agreement each with another as well as with the available books on demonology

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13
Q

how did Salazar respond to the judges

A

objected his colleagues had taken a selective view of the material and that their whole opinion rested on their subjective evaluation of confessions

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14
Q

what did Salazar suggest should happen to the accused

A

concluded in his submission to the Inquisitor-General with a recommendation that all the accused should be pardoned because they were innocent

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15
Q

what does the arguments between the judges show

A

a clash of cultures
all had university degrees
Frias had a ecclesiastical law degree but Valle and Becerra had read theology

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16
Q

who did the Inquisitor General agree with ?

A

Frias

17
Q

were the Suprema sceptical about witchcraft

A

Yes
in 1526 the last burning for the offence of witchcraft happened
1538 the council had warned the tribunal not to believe everything they Read in the Malleus Maleficarium since it contained many mistakes

18
Q

what did the Suprema rule in 1614

A

all cases should be dismissed

19
Q

what was a result of the Navarre trails in regard to evidence

A

new instructions were issued based on a draft prepared by Salazar which were so rigorous they brought witch burnings in Spain to an end

20
Q

what had caused the panic of witches

A

There was a fear of witchcraft in 1600s, in winter of 1610-11, those accused were at risk of being lynched = genuine fear

21
Q

how did beliefs from France encourage hunts in Spain

A

they only discovered notions of a secret organisation of witches in 1609 when Judge Pierre de Lancre from the parlement Bordeaux condemned to death about 100 witches from the Pays De Labourd in France. These rumous spread to Spain.

22
Q

village beliefs of witchcraft

A

local notions about isolated village witches who were able to harm their neighbours by cursing them, but through dissemination of beliefs from France ideas of a secret organisation occurred

23
Q

when did the Navarre trails occur

A

1613