wrist joint

Question 1

what bony structures are at the distal radius and ulna

Answer 1

radial and ulna styloid process

listers tubercle

head of ulna

triangular fibro cartilage complex

Question 2

what are the proximal and distal row of carpal bones

Answer 2

proximal; scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, pisiform

distal; trapezium, trapezoid, captitate, hamate

Question 3

describe scaphoid

Answer 3

responsible for blood supply

Question 4

describe lunate

Answer 4

articulates with scaphoid and triquetral in proximal carpal row

Question 5

describe triquetral/pisiform

Answer 5

is a sesamoid bone in the tendon of flexor carpi ulnas lying on palmar surface of triquetral

Question 6

describe trapezium and trapezoid

Answer 6

zium=forms first metacarpal joint with base of first metacarpal

zoid= base of index finger metacarpal

Question 7

describe capitate

Answer 7

largest carpal bone

articulates distally with base of MC3 (middle finger)

Question 8

describe hamate

Answer 8

large hook palpable in muscles medial side hook of hamate

articulates distally with the bases of MC4/5

Question 9

what is the wrist joint

Answer 9

radiocarpal joint

synovial ellipsoid joint

2 degrees of freedom flex/ex abd/add

Triangular fibrocartilaginous disc articulation of the distal radius with the proximal row of carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, triquetral)

Question 10

what is close pack and open pack in wrist joint

Answer 10

extension and radial deviation is closed packed

flexion open pack

Question 11

what are the ligaments of the radiocarpal wrist joint

Answer 11

radial collateral ligament= runs from radius to scaphoid and trapezium

ulna collateral ligament= runs from ulna to the triquetrum and pisiform

Question 12

describe mid carpal joint

Answer 12

Synovial complex saddle with 2 degrees of movement

Between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones

Ligaments- intercarpal-palmar/dorsal and collateral

Movements- flexion/extension- adduction/abduction

Question 13

how many degrees in movements at RCJ and MCJ

Answer 13

flexion= 85 degrees

extension=85 degrees

ulnar deviation= 45 degrees

radial deviation= 15 degrees

Question 14

how much percentage of movement occurring between RCJ and MCJ

Answer 14

Flexion= 60% MCJ and 40% RCJ

extension= 40% MCJ and 60% RCJ

radial and ulnar deviation mainly at RCJ

Question 15

describe why the stability of wrist occurs

Answer 15

prontator quadrates and many tendons crossing joints

ligaments anterior, posterior medially and laterally

tendons bound by flexor and extensor retinaculum

closed pack; extension+radial deviation

flexor retinaculum; attaches to pisiform and hamate and scaphoid and trapezium
forms roof of carpal canal

Question 16

describe first carpometacarpal joint

Answer 16

Synovial saddle joint

Articulates with the trapezium and base of first metacarpal

Ligaments- radial carpometacarpal and anterior and posterior oblique

Flexion/extension adduction/abduction and opposition

Question 17

muscles and movements at CMC joint

Answer 17

flexion; FPL, FPB, OP; 40-50 degrees

Etension; EPL, EPB, APL

Abduction; APL; APB
adduction; ADD P; 1st palmar interosseous

opposition;

Question 18

describe inter carpal joints

Answer 18

Synovial plane joints

Between individual carpal bones

Ligaments- dorsal and palmar intercarpal and interosseous

Movements-slight only small glides and only significantly at capitate

Question 19

describe metacarpophalangeal joint

Answer 19

synovial ellipsoid joint

articulation round metacarpal head with base of phalanx

ligaments= palmar, collateral and deep transverse

Question 20

describe Proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

Answer 20

Synovial hinge joint 1 degree of freedom

Ligaments: collateral and palmar

Question 21

function of hand

Answer 21

communication
manipulation
sensation
protection
stability