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Anatomy > Wrist and Hand (landmarks) > Flashcards

Wrist and Hand (landmarks) Flashcards

1
Q

the wrist is what kind of joint?

A

radiocarpal joint and biaxial synovial joint

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2
Q

what are the movements of the wrist joint?

A
  • flexion / extension
  • abduction / adduction (radial / ulnar deviation)
  • circumduction
  • adduction (ulnar deviation) greater than abduction (radial devotion)
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3
Q

_____ and _____ radiocarpal ligaments from radius to the two rows of carpals on palmar and dorsal sides.

A

dorsal ; palmer

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4
Q

_____ collateral ligament from ulnar styloid process to triquetrum bone.

A

ulnar

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5
Q

_____ ligament from radial styloid process to scaphoid bone.

A

radial styloid

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6
Q

What are the 8 carpal bones?

A

proximal row: scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

distal row: trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

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7
Q

the base (proximal) metacarpal bone articulates with?

A

distal row of carpal bones

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8
Q

the head (distal) metacarpal bone articulates with?

A

proximal phalangeal bones and form knuckles

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9
Q

how many bones are in the hand? separate the groups.

A

27
carpal - 8
metacarpal - 5
phalangeal - 14

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10
Q

what are the major joints in the hand?

A

carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, and interphalangeal .. they are all synovial joints

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11
Q

______ joints b/w carpal bones of first row and joints b/w carpal bones of second row.

A

intercarpal joints

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12
Q

_______ b/w first and second rows, supported by anterior, posterior, and interosseous ligaments, function as single unit, and small gliding movements b/w carpal bones.

A

midcarpal joint

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13
Q

_______: plane type synovial joints, except for the thumb (saddle type), medial four carpometacarpal joints in one fibrous joint capsule, separate capsule for thumb.

A

carpometacarpal joints (CMC)

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14
Q

CMC joint for thumb between _____ and ______ (saddle joint).

A

trapezium ; 1st metacarpal

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15
Q

what is the action of the thumb joint?

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, and opposition (demonstrate it!)

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16
Q

________: heads of metacarpal bones articulate w/ base of proximal phalanx, deep transverse metacarpal ligaments hold together heads 2nd through 5th metacarpal bones.

A

metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP)

17
Q

what are the movements of the MCP joint?

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction

18
Q

_________: proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP), distal interphalangeal joint (DIP); and allow for flexion and extension.

A

interphalangeal joints

19
Q

extensor and flexor rretinaculum continous w/ ?

A

antebrachial fascia

20
Q

_______ fibrous septum extends from medial border of palmer aponeurosis to 5th metacarpal.

A

medial

21
Q

______ fibrous septum extends from lateral border of palmer aponeurosis.

A

lateral

22
Q

_____ create compartments within the palm.

A

septa

23
Q

what are the muscles of the thenar (lateral) compartment of the hand?

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
24
Q

what are the muscles of the hypothenar (medial) compartment?

A
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • opponens digiti minimi
25
Q

what are the short muscles of the hand?

A
  • lumbricals (unusual in that they flex MCP joints and extend IP joints)
  • palmar interossei (adduct digits)
  • dorsal interossei (abduct digits)
  • palmaris brevis (improves palmer grip, wrinkles skin of hypothenar eminence)
26
Q

________: formed from main terminal branch of ulnar artery, enters hand b/w hook of hamate bone and pisiform bone.

A

superficial palmar arch (superficial to flexor retinaculum)

27
Q

_______: formed from terminal branch of radial artery, passes from anatomical snuff box on dorm of hand, runs b/w heads of 1st dorsal interosseous muscle to reach palm, anastomoses w/ deep branch of ulnar artery.

A

deep palmer arch

28
Q

what are the structures in the floor of snuffbox?

A
  • radial artery
  • radial styloid process proximally
  • base of 1st metacarpal distally
  • scaphoid bone and trapezium bone b/w radial styloid and 1st metacarpal
29
Q

________: fracture; distal fragment displaced dorsally, results from forced extension of the hand, such as in breaking a fall with an outstretched hand, common in older adults (50 years or older)

A

colles’ fracture

30
Q

_______: fracture; distal fragment displaced palmarly, forced flexion of the hand, such as in breaking a fall with an outstretched hand.

A

smith’s fracture

31
Q

______: the most commonly fractured bone of the carpus. 16 - 20 weeks to heal, increases risk of avascular necrosis and subsequent degenerative joint disease at the wrist.

A

scaphoid bone fracture

32
Q

______: progressive fibronodular thickening of the palmar fascia. Leads to fixed flexion deformity of the fingers (most commonly the 4th and 5th digits).

A

dupuytren’s contracture

Anatomy (11 decks)

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