Wrist and Hand Complex

Question 1

How many DOF does the wrist have ?

Answer 1

2 DOF

Question 2

Normal ROM of wrist?

Answer 2

80/70 flx/ext
20/30 rad/ulnar dev

Question 3

wrist end feels

Answer 3

flx/ext- capsular
rad dev-hard (radial styloid process)
uln dev- capsular

Question 4

what is the capsular pattern of the wrist?

Answer 4

flexion and extension are equally limited

Question 5

Most unstable carpal bone?

Answer 5

lunate

Ligaments damaged makes it easier for bones to luxate

Question 6

Shape of the carpal bones

Answer 6

scaphoid- like a boat
lunate-moon
triquetem- triangular
pisiform- shaped like a pea
capitate- captain of the carpals(largest)
trapezium-assymetric shape
trapezoid-like a table
hamate-like a hook

Question 7

Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)

Answer 7

securely bind distal ends of the radius and ulna

Question 8

Kinematics of wrist flexion and extension

Answer 8

convex on concave
flexion : palmary roll dorsal slide
extension: dorsal roll palmar glide

Question 9

Kinematics of wrist in deviation

Answer 9

convex on concave

proximal capral row slides opposite of motion

Question 10

What is they keystone of the proximal transverse arch?

Answer 10

capitate

Question 11

proximal transverse arch

Answer 11

forms tunnel for which the long finger flexors and median nerve to travel

Question 12

how many DOF in metacarpophalengeal and kinematics

Answer 12

2 dof
flx /ext concave phalynx on convex metacarpal
add/abd concave phalanyx on convex metacarpal

Question 13

IP joint

Answer 13

1 DOF- flx /ext

true synovial joint

Question 14

lumbricals and interossei

Answer 14

contraction produces MCP flx and IP/DIP ext

Question 15

thumb

Answer 15

2 DOF
flx/ext abd/add circumduction=opposition
saddle joint

Question 16

kinematics of the thumb flx/ext

Answer 16

flexion: convex metacarpal rolls and slides in ulnar with slight medial rot

extension: concave surface of metacarpal rolls and slides in radial direction with slight lateral rotation

Question 17

kinematics of thumb abd/add

Answer 17

abd: convex metacarpal rolls in a plamar direction and slides dorsal

add: convex metacarpal rolls dorsal and slides palmar

Question 18

prehesion

Answer 18

grasping or taking hold

ex . grabbing baseball bat

Question 19

power grip

Answer 19

full hand prehension

Question 20

precision handling

Answer 20

finger thumb prehension

Question 21

cylindrical grip

Answer 21

uses finger flexors to postion fingers around and maintain grasp on object

Question 22

spherical grip

Answer 22

the greater spread pf fingers to encompass the object

Question 23

hook grip

Answer 23

briefcase grip

never includes thumb

Question 24

lateral prehension

Answer 24

contact between two adjacent fingers

Question 25

pad to pad prehension

Answer 25

distal phalynx or pad of thumb to another finger

Question 26

tip to tip prehension

Answer 26

nearly identical to pad to pad

Question 27

pad to side

Answer 27

key grip

Question 28

functional position of the hand

Answer 28

20 deg ext
10 deg ulndar deviate

slight dlexion at PIP and DIP

Question 29

boutonniere deformity

Answer 29

failure of the extensor hood mechanism

extension of pip

Question 30

swan neck deformity

Answer 30

damage to attathcment of extensor tendon

Question 31

trigger finger

Answer 31

caused by edema and subsequent narrowing of A1 pulley on typically third or fourth finger

4x more likely in diabetics

Question 32

what is the sesamoid bone of the wrist?

Answer 32

pisiform

Question 33

MCP kinematics

Answer 33

MCP flexion palmar roll palmar glide
MCP extension dorsal roll dorsal glide

Question 34

What planes of motion are done in the thumb?

Answer 34

ext/flx done parallel to hand

add/ abd perp to hand

Question 35

what is convex and what is concave?

Answer 35

carpals are convex , radius is concave