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Kinesiology > The Knee Complex > Flashcards

The Knee Complex Flashcards

1
Q

Tibio Femoral Joint

A

1 DOF
ext/flx 0-135 deg
Rotary degree

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2
Q

tibiofemoral end feels

A

flx -soft
ext-firm

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3
Q

what defines the tibiofemoral double condyloid joint?

A

the medial and lateral articular surfaces

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4
Q

Femur

A

bicondylar, CONVEX

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5
Q

Q angle

A

normally 10-15 deg

as Q angle increases comprssion forces in the vastus lateralis will increase risk for lateral dislocation

forms a line connecting the ASIS to midpoint of patella, as well as midpoint of patella to tibial tuberosity

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6
Q

genu valgum

A

Increase in Q angle
compression laterally

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7
Q

genu varum

A

decrease in Q angle
compression medially

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8
Q

genu recurvatum

A

knee extension greater than 5 deg

can be due to muscle imbalances, systemic hypomobility, previous injury, nuerological deficit

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9
Q

What is the function of the cartilage support in the tibiofemoral joint ?

A

distribute the load

reduce friction between the tibia and the femur

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10
Q

medial meniscus

A

C shaped

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11
Q

lateral menisicus

A

4/5 of a circle

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12
Q

Surgeons “red zone”

A

external 1/3 recieves highly vascularized

surgical repair has high likelihood to heal

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13
Q

MCL

A

primary restraint to excessive valgus

is pulled taut in extension
given slack in flexion

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14
Q

LCL

A

primary restraint to excessive varus

attatches to fibular head
is pulled taut in extensions
slackened in flexion

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15
Q

ACL

A

primary restraint against anterior translation of tibia on the femur

taut in extenson

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16
Q

What muscle may resist anterior translation of the tibia?

A

Hamstrings

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17
Q

PCL

A

primary restraint to posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur

taut in flexion

18
Q

IT Band

A

an extension of the TFL and gluteus maximus

function: passive lateral support to the knee

19
Q

Patella

A

flat triangular shaped bone embedded with the quadriceps tendon

largest sesamoid in the body

function: an anatomical pulley for the quadriceps muscle

20
Q

What motions can the patella do?

A

medial and lateral shift
media and lateral tilt
medial and lateral rotation

21
Q

full extension

A

only the inferior pole of the patella makes contact with the femur

20 deg

22
Q

patella and femur relation during flexion

A

as flexion continues the contact area between the two moves superiorly and laterally

23
Q

full flexion

A

only the lateral and odd facets are making contact with the femur

24
Q

In open kinetic chain what is the kinematics of the tibiofemoral joint

A

concave on convex

25
Q

In closed kinetic chain what is the kinematics of the tibiofemoral joint

A

convex on concave

26
Q

closed chain flexion

A

posterior roll with anterior glide

27
Q

closed chain extension

A

anterior roll with posterior glide

28
Q

screw home mechanism

A

occurs in last 20-30 deg of knee extension

an integral rotation to achieve full knee extension for stability of the joint

29
Q

Initiation of knee flexion

A

tibia IR

femur ER

30
Q

Completing knee extension

A

tibia ER
femur IR

31
Q

Medial rotators of the knee

A

politeus
semimembranous
semitendinous
sartorius
gracilis

32
Q

lateral rotators of the knee

A

biceps femoris

33
Q

Knee extenstors

A

rec fem crosses two joints

not all fibers are oriented in same direction

34
Q

what is the function of the patella?

A

lengthens the moment arm of the quads to increase distance of quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon of the knee joint

35
Q

when is peak torques of the knee observed?

A

45 to 60 deg of knee flexion

36
Q

patellofemoral pain syndrome

A

most accurate test is to reproduce the symptoms of squatting
ex. stair climbing and kneeling

37
Q

what are the 4 types of patellofemoral pain syndrome

A
  1. overuse
  2. PFP with muscle performance deficits
    3.PFP with movement cord deficits
    4.PFP with mobility deficits
38
Q

Bursitis

A

a direct blow or prolonged compressive or tensile forces

39
Q

chondromalacia patella

A

cartilaginous changes seen on lateral surface of patellar facet

debated to be the same as PFP

they say cartilage is aneural, thus damage may extend beyond that tissue articular cartilage

40
Q

What does genu recurvatum cause

A

compensatory lumbar lordosis

41
Q

What part of the meniscus heals best

A

outer

Kinesiology (11 decks)

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