Wrist And Hand Arthrology Flashcards
How many phalanges, metacarpals, carpals and sesamoid bones is there in the wrist and hand?
14 phalanges, 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals, 1 sesamoid bone (in thumb)
What are the 8 carpals?
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate, scaphoid, lunate, triquetal, pisiform
What type of joints carpo-metacarpal and interphalangeal joints?
Fingers are arthrodial
Thumb is sellar
IP joints are Ginglymus
What does the flexor retinaculum do?
It provides a pulley action for flexor tendons and forms the carpel tunnel
What type of joints are metacarpophalangeal joints and what movements do they perform?
Condyloid joints responsible for flexion extension adduction and abduction
The 4th and 5th CMP joints are more flexible so grip can be more secure with a turn
Where do all the wrist flexors originate?
Common flexor tendon on medial epicondyle
Name the 3 wrist flexors and their insertions
Flexor Carpi radialis (2/3rd metacarpals)
Flexor Carpi ulnaris (pisiform)
Palmaris longus (palmar aponeurosis)
What are the 3 wrist extensors and their insertions?
Extensor Carpi ulnaris (base of 5th metacarpal)
Extensor Carpi radialis longus (base of 2nd metacarpal)
Extensor Carpi radialis Brevis (base of 3rd metacarpal)
What are the finger flexors and their actions?
Flexor digitorum superficialis (flexes PIP)
Flexor digitorum profundus (flexes all joints)
What are the three finger extensors
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi
What are the thumb flexors and extensors/abductors
Flexor pollucis longus
Extensor pollucis longus
Extensor pollucis Brevis
Abductor pollucis longus
What do the thenar and hypothenar muscles do?
Produce opposition of the thumb and little finger through combining flexion,abduction and adduction
What do the Lumbricals do?
Produce MCP joint flexion, and PIP/DIP extension
What do the palmar/dorsal interossei do?
MCP adduction, abduction and flexion
