Wrist

Question 1

Ulnar Tilt of Radius

Answer 1

25 degrees

Question 2

Palmer tilt of Ulna

Answer 2

10 degrees

Question 3

Dorsal Radiocarpal Ligament

Answer 3

prevents anterior dislocation of carpals

Question 4

TFCC

Answer 4

Ulnar collateral ligament, palmer ulnocarpal ligament, articular disc.

Question 5

Short intrinsic ligaments

Answer 5

Connect and stabilize the distal row

Question 6

wrist flexion

Answer 6

70-85 degrees is normal while coupled with ulnar deviation

Question 7

wrist extension

Answer 7

60-75 degrees is normal, coupled with radial deviation

Question 8

radial deviation

Answer 8

15-20 degrees is normal

Question 9

ulnar deviation

Answer 9

35-40 degrees is normal

Question 10

degrees to maximize grip force

Answer 10

30 degrees of extension

Question 11

overly short flexors lead to…

Answer 11

minimal tension generation

Question 12

flexed position leads to…

Answer 12

passive extensor torque

Question 13

Transverse Carpal Ligament

Answer 13

serves as attachment site for muscles, restrains enclosed tendons from “bowstringing” anteriorly and out of the carpal tunnel, most notably when grasping actions performed with a partially flexed wrist

Question 14

Carpal tunnel

Answer 14

serves as passageway for the median nerve and the tendons of extrinsic flexor muscles of the digits

Question 15

Palmer radiocarpal ligament

Answer 15

provides greater overall mechanical stability to the wrist than the thinner dorsal extrinsic ligament. Three dominant ligaments are radioscaphocapitate, long radiolunate, and short radiolunate

Question 16

what is the primary function of the TFCC

Answer 16

to securely bind the distal ends of the radius and ulna while simultaneously permitting the radius, with attached carpals, to freely rotate (pronate and supinate) around a fixed ulna.

Question 17

palmer ulnocarpal ligament

Answer 17

has two parts, ulnotriquetral and ulnolunate. they help indirectly secure the position of the TFC

Question 18

ulnar collateral ligament

Answer 18

reinforce ulnar side of wrist, must be sufficiently flexible

Question 19

lunotriquetral ligament (intermediate)

Answer 19

helps to stabilize the ulnar side of the lunate relative to the triquetrum

Question 20

scapholunate ligament (intermediate)

Answer 20

primary stabilizer of the lunate, has three parts, dorsal palmer, and proximal.

Question 21

Scaphotrapezial and scaphotrapezoidal ligaments (intermediate)

Answer 21

reinforces the articulation between the distal pole of the scaphoid with the trapezium and trapezoid

Question 22

Palmer intercarpal ligament (long)

Answer 22

lateral and medial leg, resemble the inverted V. helps guide the arthrokinematics of the wrist

Question 23

Dorsal intercarpal ligament

Answer 23

provides transverse stability to the wrist by interconnecting the trapezium, scaphoid, triquetrum, and occasionally a small part of the lunate

Question 24

the wrist rotates how many degrees in sagittal plane

Answer 24

130 to 160 degrees

Question 25

frontal plane rotation of wrist

Answer 25

50 to 60 degrees

Question 26

ROM for ADL’s of wrist

Answer 26

Flexion: 40 degrees
Extension: 40 degrees
Radial deviation: 10 degrees
Ulnar deviation: 30 degrees