Ankle/Foot

Question 1

Supination of Foot

Answer 1

plantarflexion, inversion, adduction

Question 2

Pronation of Foot

Answer 2

Dorsiflexion, eversion, abduction

Question 3

Posterior tibiofibular ligament

Answer 3

Limits talar abduction, stabilizes the talus within the mortise

Question 4

Anterior tibiofibular ligament

Answer 4

Resists inversion and plantarflexion of ankle

Question 5

Deltoid ligament

Answer 5

Reinforces medial side of the ankle and limits excessive eversion.

Question 6

Calcaneofibular ligament

Answer 6

resists against inversion, can also resist dorsiflexion and plantarflexion

Question 7

Normal talocrural joint ROM

Answer 7

Dorsiflexion: 15 - 25
Plantarflexion: 40 – 55

Question 8

subtalar joint arthrokinematics pronation

Answer 8

medial slide; accessory movement

Question 9

subtalar joint arthrokinematics supination

Answer 9

lateral slide; accessory movement

Question 10

Tarsometatarsal (TMT) Joints coupling patterns

Answer 10

Dorsiflexion is paired with inversion
Plantarflexion is paired with eversion

Question 11

Metatarsophalangeal (MTP) Joints ROM

Answer 11

Flexion (30 – 40)
extension (65 – 85)

Question 12

Dorsiflexion and inversion foot muscles

Answer 12

extensor hallucis longus, tibialis anterior

Question 13

dorsiflexion and eversion foot muscles

Answer 13

extensor digitorum longus, fibula’s tertius

Question 14

Plantarflexion and inversion foot muscles

Answer 14

tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, achilles tendon

Question 15

plantar flexion and eversion foot muscles

Answer 15

fibulas brevis and fibular longus

Question 16

Hallux Limitus

Answer 16

Usually a hyperextension injury of the great toe

Question 17

Hallux Valgus

Answer 17

TMT adduction with possible lateral MTP dislocation and eversion

Question 18

anterior (pre tibial) compartment gait activity

Answer 18

In early stance, the pretibials slow down plantar flexion and in late phase, they help to ensure clearance.

Question 19

Lateral compartment gait activity

Answer 19

in early phase, the rear foot pronates, mid/late phase, it decelerates subtalar supination, and in late phase, it plantar flexes and contributes to contralateral weight transfer

Question 20

posterior compartment gait activity

Answer 20

during foot flat to heel off, it decelerates dorsiflexion. During heel off to toe off, it activates concentrically for push

Question 21

tibialis posterior gait activity during stance phase

Answer 21

controlled lowering of arch, concentric raising of arch