world war one: end of the war Flashcards
On what date did the Lusitania sink?
7th of May 1915.
Why was resuming unrestricted u-boat warfare initially effective for Germany?
It severely limited supplies to Britain.
What did the Zimmermann Telegram show in 1917?
That Germany planned to form an alliance against the USA with Mexico.
In what month did the USA join the war in 1917?
April.
Around how many US troops had landed in Europe by the summer of 1918?
1 million.
When did the first Russian revolution occur?
March 1917.
What happened in the first Russian revolution?
The Tsar (the Russian emperor) was overthrown and replaced by a temporary government.
Who led the second revolution in Russia in November 1917 and immediately ended the war?
The Bolsheviks (a Russian communist party).
Which treaty gave Germany control of huge areas of land in Russia which meant they could supply raw materials to their army?
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk.
Russia surrendering from the war meant that Germany could…
Transfer 100,000s of troops to the Western front.
What was unrestricted submarine warfare?
Allowing the attacking of any ships that could be supplying Britain or any ships crossing the Atlantic.
Who were successfully using airplanes against German submarines?
The British Royal Flying Corps.
Which military attack tactic was well supported by better tanks and improved artillery?
The creeping barrage.
What was the creeping barrage?
Where a wall of artillery fire moves forward ahead of advancing infantry.
What were German storm-troopers specialised in?
Making rapid, penetrating attacks against enemy lines.
When was the Ludendorff Offensive launched?
March 1918.
What is another name for the Ludendorff Offensive?
The Spring Offensive.
How much rapid progress did the German army make initially?
64km (in range of Paris).
How many German casualties were there during the Ludendorff Offensive?
400,000.
When did the Ludendorff Offensive eventually stop?
May 1918.
When was the Allied Hundred Days counterattack launched?
8th of August 1918.
Which British and French commanders jointly planned the Allied Hundred Days?
French commander Ferdinand Foch and British commander Douglas Haig.
Who was out in unified command of the Allied Hundred Days?
Ferdinand Foch.
What happened to the German army by 1918?
They were in fun retreat and the Hindenburg Line had been broken.
