germany: growth and democracy Flashcards
Right-wing parties were keen to…
Expand the German empire.
Left-wing parties were gaining support from…
The increasing number of industrial workers.
Which state in Germany had two-thirds of the population and half the territory?
Prussia.
By 1914, Germany led the world in which industries?
Chemical and steel.
By 1914, Germany produced 1/3 of…
The world’s electrical goods.
How much did germanys population increase by from 1871 to 1914?
40 million in 1871 to 68 million in 1914.
What did the German government do to try meet workers demands?
Pensions and sickness insurance schemes.
What percentage of the seats in the Reichstag in 1912 did the Social Democrat Party have?
30 percent.
How many widows and children without fathers were there in Germany in 1918?
600,000 widows and 2 million children without fathers.
How much did Germany’s industrial production decrease by from 1913 to 1918?
By 1/3.
Who became the new leader of the German republic?
Friedrich Ebert.
What was Article 48?
An exception to diplomatic principles where the President could run the country using emergency powers.
The president of Germany was elected every…
7 years.
When did Ebert become President?
11th of February 1919.
What rebellion did Ebert’s government crush in January 1919?
The Spartacist Uprising.
Why did the new government have to meet in Weimar?
As Berlin was too unstable.
What was the main economic problem between 1919-1923?
Hyperinflation.
Why was it difficult for Germany to re-establish trading links?
As their industry was weak and they were being blamed for the war.
When did French and Belgian troops enter the Ruhr?
January 1923.
Why did French and Belgian troops invade the Ruhr?
To seize raw materials and goods form the industrial area as an alternative for the unpaid reparations.
Who were the leaders of the Spartacist Rebellion?
Karl Liebnecht and Rosa Luxemburg.
What was the aim of the Spartacist Rebellion?
To seize control with the help of some soldiers, sailors and factory workers.
Who were the Spartacist killed by?
The Freikorps who were sent by Ebert.
When was the Kapp Putsch?
March 1920.
Who did Dr Wolfgang Kapp lead into Berlin?
5000 Freikorps who wanted to make Germany like the old dictatorship.
Who was the Kapp Putsch defeated by?
The workers who declared a general strike.
When was the Munich Putsch?
8th of November 1923.
How long was Hitler’s prison sentence after the Munich Putsch was defeated?
5 years.
Who was the most powerful politician between late 1923 and 1929?
Gustav Stresemann.
How much did unemployment rise in Germany in 1928?
6 percent.
When was the Dawes Plan?
1924.
What was the Dawes Plan?
Germany was loaned 800 million marks by the USA and the reparations were spread over a longer period of time.
In what year was the Young Plan?
1929.
What was the Young Plan?
When the reparation payments were reduced to £2.2 billion and Germany was given longer to pay.
In what year was Germany allowed to join the League of Nations?
1926.
What was revived under the Weimar Republic?
Culture.
