germany: under the nazis Flashcards

1
Q

How much unemployment was there in Germany in 1933?

A

Almost 6 million.

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2
Q

How much unemployment was there in Germany by 1939?

A

Virtually zero (invisible unemployment!).

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3
Q

When was the New Plan replaced by the Four Year Plan?

A

1936.

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4
Q

What did the Four Year Plan intend to make Germany?

A

Self-sufficient by 1940.

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5
Q

What was the National Labour Service?

A

A public work scheme which employed workers to build autobahns, railways and houses and they were paid for by the government.

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6
Q

When did rearmament secretly start?

A

1922.

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7
Q

What jobs were created due to rearmament?

A

Manufacturing weapons and army uniforms jobs.

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8
Q

When was conscription introduced?

A

1935.

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9
Q

What was the Reich Entailed Farm Law?

A

When farming communities were helped with guaranteed food prices and the right to keep their land.

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10
Q

Why were big businesses pleased with the nazis?

A

The Nazis were getting rid of the communist threats while the businesses benefitted from the new government spending.

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11
Q

Who were excluded from the prosperity?

A

Nazi opponents.

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12
Q

When was rationing started?

A

1939.

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13
Q

In what year was Germany’s economy totally directed towards war production?

A

1942.

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14
Q

Bombing of which 2 cities was intended to break German morale?

A

Berlin and Dresden.

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15
Q

How many Germans died during the raids?

A

Half a million.

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16
Q

How many Germans became homeless during the raids?

A

7.5 million.

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17
Q

What were the two main Nazi youth groups?

A

Hitler Youth and League of German Maidens.

18
Q

What was seen as very important for both boys and girls in school?

A

Physical fitness.

19
Q

When was the Concordat signed?

A

1933.

20
Q

What was the Concordat?

A

An agreement between Hitler and the Catholic Church promising not to interfere with one another.

21
Q

What was the Reich Church?

A

An official state Protestant Church set up by Hitler.

22
Q

Who was Martin Niemoller?

A

A Protestant Church leader who stood up to Hitler by setting up their own independent churches.

23
Q

What did the 1935 Nuremberg Laws state?

A

That Jews were not German citizens and couldn’t marry Germans.

24
Q

What was the Nazi organised purge in November 1938?

A

Kristallnacht (The Night of Broken Glass).

25
Q

In what year were ghettos introduced?

A

1939.

26
Q

How many Jews in German occupied areas were shot by the Einsatzgruppen from 1941?

A

Half a million.

27
Q

When was the Final Solution to the Jewish problem started?

A

1942.

28
Q

What was the Nuremberg Rally?

A

An annual spectacular event with vast Nazi meetings and marches.

29
Q

Who was in charge of propaganda and censorship?

A

Joseph Goebbels.

30
Q

Who was the leader of the SS?

A

Heinrich Himmler.

31
Q

What was the role of the SS?

A

Responsible for destroying opposition to the Nazis and carrying out their racial policies.

32
Q

Who was the leader of the Gestapo?

A

Reinhard Heydrich.

33
Q

What was the role of the Gestapo?

A

To arrest people on suspicion and send people to concentration camps without trial.

34
Q

Who were the leaders of the White Rose Group?

A

Hans and Sophie Scholl.

35
Q

Who were the White Rose Group?

A

Students at Munich University who used leaflets, posters and graffiti to criticise the Nazis.

36
Q

What happened to Hans and Sophie Scholl?

A

They were arrested, tortured and killed.

37
Q

Who were the Swing Youth?

A

Middle-class teenagers who rebelled against Nazi values by eg. listening to American Jazz music.

38
Q

Who were the Eidelweiss Pirates?

A

Mainly working class teenagers who made fun of the Nazis and their policies.

39
Q

How many Eidelweiss Pirates were hung and why?

A

12 for espionage.

40
Q

In what year did the July bomb plot occur?

A

1944.

41
Q

What happened to the plotters of the July bomb plot?

A

They were all executed.