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history > world war one: causes > Flashcards

world war one: causes Flashcards

1
Q

What important industrial area of France did Germany take control of?

A

Alsace-Lorraine.

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2
Q

In 1892, what has Germany become worried about?

A

Being encircled by France and Russia.

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3
Q

Which countries made up the Triple Alliance?

A

Austria-Hungary, Italy and Germany.

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4
Q

Which countries were known as the 3 central powers?

A

Austria-Hungary, Italy and Germany.

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5
Q

Which two ethnic groups were seeking independence from the Austro-Hungarian empire?

A

The Czechs and Serbs.

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6
Q

Who was Serbia supported by?

A

Russia.

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7
Q

Why did Italy join the Triple Alliance?

A

In the hope of building an empire of their own.

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8
Q

Who formed a secret alliance in 1892?

A

France and Russia.

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9
Q

Which countries were concerned about the growing power of Germany in 1892?

A

Russia and France.

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10
Q

Who lent money to Russia to help build up their very agrarian (farming based) economy?

A

France.

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11
Q

What caused tension between Russia and Austria-Hungary in 1892?

A

Russia was keen to defend the Serbs.

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12
Q

In what year was the Triple Entente formed?

A

1907.

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13
Q

Which 3 countries formed the Triple Entente?

A

Britain,France and Russia.

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14
Q

Why was Germany increasingly seen as a threat?

A

As the Kaiser wanted to build up a German navy and empire.

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15
Q

When was the Entente Cordiale between Britain and France?

A

1904.

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16
Q

What are 4 reasons why France, Britain and Russia formed an alliance?

A

~Russia was weakened by a war with Japan
~There were increasing threats from Germany
~France and Britain ended conflicts over colonies
~A response to the Triple Alliance

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17
Q

When was the first Moroccan crisis?

A

1905.

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18
Q

What conference was held to settle the dispute between Germany and France?

A

Algeciras Conference.

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19
Q

What was the speech the Kaiser made in Morocco about?

A

Supporting Moroccan independence.

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20
Q

When was the Balkans Crisis?

A

1908.

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21
Q

Which two rival empires was the Balkans area influenced by?

A

Austria-Hungary and Russia.

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22
Q

Why was the Balkans area unstable?

A

As countries there were becoming independent.

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23
Q

In what year did Austria take control of Bosnia?

A

1908.

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24
Q

Who was angry about Austria taking control of Bosnia in 1908?

A

Serbia and Russia.

25
Q

Who supported Austria when they took control of Bosnia?

A

Germany.

26
Q

Who was humiliated by the Balkans crisis?

A

Russia.

27
Q

When was the second Moroccan crisis?

A

1911.

28
Q

Why did the Sultan of Morocco ask France for help?

A

A rebellion in Fez.

29
Q

What do the Germans take as an act of invasion in Morocco?

A

The French army moving in to support the Sultan in the rebellion.

30
Q

What did the Germans do to support Moroccan independence?

A

Sent the Panther gunboat to the port of Agadir.

31
Q

Why did the Kaiser order his gunboat to leave the port of Agadir?

A

Britain and France stood firm against Germany and even Italy opposed them.

32
Q

What did the German humiliation over Morocco increase?

A

Public support for the war and the Kaiser.

33
Q

What did Britain and France agree to jointly patrol in their secret naval agreements?

A

The Mediterranean Sea and the English Channel.

34
Q

What does ‘splendid isolation’ mean?

A

Not getting involved in any conflicts (Britain’s policy).

35
Q

What did the Kaiser want a more important role in?

A

World affairs.

36
Q

How did the Kaiser want to build up an empire and have an influence in Europe?

A

By building a large navy, using intimidation and diplomacy.

37
Q

What is diplomacy?

A

Negotiation with other countries.

38
Q

What is Weltpolitik?

A

The Kaiser’s world policy.

39
Q

What did Germany’s aggressive foreign policy lead to?

A

The Naval Arms Race.

40
Q

In what year did the Kaiser announce plans for a large navy?

A

1898.

41
Q

In what year was the HMS dreadnought launched?

A

1906.

42
Q

What was the HMS dreadnought?

A

A new class of more powerful war ship.

43
Q

How many dreadnoughts did Germany launch in 1908?

A
  1. (brought it close to Britain’s total).
44
Q

By 1914, how many dreadnoughts did Germany and Britain have?

A

Germany - 17
Britain - 29

45
Q

Which 3 preparations were made for war by Britain, France and Germany?

A

Germany - Schlieffen Plan
Britain - British Expeditionary Force (150,000 men)
France - French Plan 17

46
Q

Which Serbian nationalist group assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand?

A

The Black Hand Gang.

47
Q

Which person killed the Archduke and his wife in Sarajevo?

A

Gavrilo Princip.

48
Q

On what day did Austria send an ultimatum to Serbia?

A

23rd of July 1914.

49
Q

Why did Austria declare war on Serbia?

A

They only accepted 9 out of the 10 demands in the ultimatum.

50
Q

What day did Austria declare war on Serbia?

A

28th of July 1914.

51
Q

On what day did Russia mobilise its forces against Austria?

A

30th of July 1914.

52
Q

On what day did Germany declare war on Russia?

A

1st of August 1914.

53
Q

What dragged Western Europe into the conflict?

A

The schlieffen plan.

54
Q

What 2 things happened on the 4th of August 1914?

A

~German troops invaded Belgium
~Britain declared war on Germany

55
Q

On what day did Austria declare war on Russia?

A

6th of August 1914.

56
Q

Why did the Germans have to move 100,000 troops east?

A

As Russia mobilised in 10 days instead of the predicted 6 weeks.

57
Q

What did the French and British manage to do at the Battle of the Marne?

A

Managed to hold and push back the German army.

58
Q

Where is the city of Mons?

A

In Belgium.

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