World War One Flashcards
What was Australia like at the beginning of WW1?
Part of British Empire (mother country)
‘Social laboratory’
society was conservative and slow to change
experiencing the affects of great technological advancements
When was Australia federated
1901
Which countries dominated Europe?
Austria-Hungary
Germany
France
Britain
Japan
China
Russia
Ottoman Empire
Serbia
What where the long term causes of WW1?
M.A.I.N
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Militarism
a country should remain a strong army
major powers tried to stay ahead of eachother, investing in military and navy
Alliances
military agreements
Triple Alliance (Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary)
Triple Entente (France, England, Russia)
Imperialism
expansion of countries power and influence by colonising other countries
Nationalism
feeling extreme loyalty to your nation
people were encouraged to be loyal to their own nation so when the war broke out men were enthusiactic to sign up and fight
What where the short term causes?
assasination, tension in balkans, crisis
Tension in Balkans
ruled by different empries for years
nationalities declared independence often through war
Assasination
Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand & his wife
He was the heir to the throne
Crisis
Austria-Hungary blamed serbia for the assasination and when they didnt complete requests they declared war.
within 4 months all the great powers of europe were at war
Why did WW1 become a global war?
The worl had previously been split into alliances
nations took sides
What where the two ‘sides’?
Allies - British empire, france, japan, russia, italy, US
Central Powers - Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria
what was australias response?
offered soldiers
wanted to fight for their ‘mother country’
women signed as nurses
conscription was considered but denied twice
what was trench warfare?
a new fitghting technique in which soldiers on the frontlines dug and occupied trenches.
The trenches protected them against enemy artilery but it was difficult to make territory.
life in the trenches
bombardment
knee deep in freezing water
surrounded by coprses, rats, sewerage
worked in shifts (5 days on the frontlines)
War fought on land
large guns, grenades, tanks, flamethrowers & poison gas
War fought in air
used to scout enemy territory and location
initially shot with pistols and drop bombs
unreliable & deadly
War fought at sea
less naval conflict than other wars
ships primary use was to transport troops and supplies
Why did the US join the war?
They were initially neutral
Changed when german ‘unrestricted sumbarine warefare’ was damaging their ships
June 1917 they landed in France and fought for the Allies
over 4 million US men were drafted in WW1
Where did australians first serve
Rabaul
Sept 11 1914 they attacked a radio station
by Sept 21 the germans surrendered
Formation of ANZAC
the australian imperial forces (20,000 men) were joined by 10,000 men from new zealand and together they became the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps.
ANZAC deployment
Nov 1914
finished training in Egypt and went to gallipoli and then on the the western front
