Industrial Revolution Flashcards
Why did the industrial revolution occur?
PEST factors
P -imperialism
E - population doubled
S - need for resources
T - new technologies were developing
What other factors contributed?
Entrepreneurs - investing and inventing new technologies
Advances in economic thinking - banks
Advances in tech - inventions, spinning machines
Capitalism - individuals own their own land and business
Power - steam engines
What was the effect of revolutionising transport?
Roads - turnpike trusts collected tolls to fix roads, made transport faster
Railways - much faster, improved communication and trade, fresher food, mail delivered quickly
Canals - heavy goods across the country, not around continent
Engine powered ships - faster than wind powered
How did the industrial revolution change work?
Urbanisation
Worked long hours in factories or mines
Cheap labour
Bad conditions
How did it change living conditions?
Small narrow houses
No running water or indoor toilets
Polluted water and air
Diseases spread easily
Who challenged the status quo?
Mary Wollstonecraft - fought for equality and education for girls
Robert Owen - fought for workers rights and believed they should have better working conditions
What groups fought for change?
Suffragets - womens right to vote
Trade Unions - fair work conditions
Chartists - working class men to vote
Luddites - against machinery
Slavery
crammed on a boat, chained together
barely any food or water
no toilets or sanitation
sickness spread quick
When was slavery banned?
British banned selling slaves in 1807
Slavery was completely banned 36 years later
How did it affect environment?
Deforestation - cleared forests for farming
Water - toxic waste and sewerage
Air - smog (smoke and fog), coal emmissions from factories, caused traffic incidents and sickness
