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History > World War II > Flashcards

World War II Flashcards

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1
Q

Anti-Comintern Pact

A

An agreement between Germany, Japan and Italy against the spread of Communism (1936)

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2
Q

Sino-Japanese War

A

a military conflict between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan between 1937 and 1945

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3
Q

Sudetenland

A

the outer edge of Czechoslovakia where many ethnic Germans lived

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4
Q

Pact of Steel

A

a formal political and military alliance between Italy and Germany (1939)

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5
Q

German-Soviet non-aggression Pact

A

a non-aggression pact between Germany and Soviets that also secretly divided up the countries between them

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6
Q

Battle of El Alamein

A

a battle between British forces against Italian-German forces in Egypt

the British won in 1942

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7
Q

Paris Peace Treaties

A

Treaties at the end of WWII with Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria and Finland that elaborated war reparations, committed to minority rights and made territorial adjustments

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8
Q

Hitler Confrontation Attitude in 1933 (5)

A
  • Leaves the UN at the Confrence of Security in Geneva, demonstrating its powerlessness
  • Remilitarized the Rhineland
  • Takes over Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia)
  • Ignores Treaty of Versaille
  • Searches for “living space” for Germans
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9
Q

Italian and German Involvement in Spanish Civil War

A

Supported the Nationalists (Franco) and helped bomb Madrid

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10
Q

Munich Conference

A

Conference between Nazi Germany and Allies in which Allies allowed Hitler to take over Saarland section of Czechoslovakia

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11
Q

Road to War based on…(7)

A
  • Germany takes Austria
  • Munich Conference
  • Germany takes more of Czechoslovakia
  • Italy takes Albania
  • Pact of Steel
  • German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
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12
Q

Japanese Expansionism (3)

A
  • Takes over Manchuria, as China is weak from 1930s economic crisis
  • Makes Manchuria stellite state and sets its eyes on the rest of China
  • Looks to conquer the rest of South East Asia
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13
Q

Lightning War

A
  • 1939-1941
  • Modern German war tactic that combined the use of tanks and airplanes
  • Surprised allies prepared for trench warfare
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14
Q

Scientific, technical and militaristic advances

A
  • English built the radar, Germans the guided bomb and Americans the atomic bomb
  • Tanks, airplanes and aircraft carriers entered the scene
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15
Q

Germany offensive against England (3)

A
  • Isolating the allied army in Dunkirk
  • Battle of England in the summer of 1940
  • Systematic bombing of English cities
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16
Q

Germany offensive against France (3)

A
  • Invaded France June 1940, entering Paris
  • Divided France in two, with Armistice of Compiegne
  • North occupied by Germany, South in collaborative Vichy government
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17
Q

North African Campaign

A

series of battles for control of North Africa, notably the profitable Suez canal, between Axis and Ally forces

18
Q

Operation Barbarossa (4)

A
  • Nazi Germany’s USSR invasion in June 1941
  • Germans aimed to control the energy and food resources
  • Hindered by abrupt arrival of winter and lack of fuel
  • Soviets used scorched earth tactic, meaning destroying anything that could be useful to Germans
19
Q

December 7th, 1941 (3)

A
  • Japan attacks Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in US
  • American fleets are destroyed, 2000 killed
  • USA enters confict
20
Q

Japan Offensive in Southeast Asia (2)

A
  • After Pearl Harbor bombing, switches to Southeast Asia
  • Occupies Indochina, Siam, Malaysia, Burma, Indonesia, Philippines, Guam, Solomon Islands and New Guinea
21
Q

Eastern Europe 1943-1944 (2)

A
  • Germany defeated in Stalingrad (February 1943)
  • Germany defeated in Kursk (July 1943), starting the allied initiative
22
Q

Africa 1942-1944 (3)

A
  • British Victory in the Alamein in 1942
  • Allies arrive to Morocco and Algeria
  • German defeat and evacuation of Tunisia (1943)
23
Q

Sicily

A

Allies arrive in Sicily and fought for control for the island against Italian forces, eventually succeeding in 1943

24
Q

South Europe 1943-1944 (2)

A
  • Germans occupied northern and central Italy
  • Mussolini fired, his dictatorship replaced by Italian Social Republic
25
Q

Pacific War 1942-1944

A
  • American counterattack in summer 1942
  • Japanese defeats in South Asia (Coral Sea, Midway and Guadalcanal)
26
Q

Tehran Conference

A

Occured in 1943 between Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill for end-of-war and post-war planning

27
Q

End of WWII (5)

A

Final defeats of the Axis between 1944-1945:
- the Ally victory in Normandy
- Liberation of Paris
- Reconquest of French and Belgian territory
- Russian army’s success in the east

28
Q

Germany at the end of the War (3)

A
  • Nazi regime fell apart in April 1945
  • Germans surrendered May 1945
  • Occupation of Berlin
29
Q

End of the Pacific War

A
  • Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs dropped
  • Japanese surrender, September 1945
30
Q

forced labor force in Nazi Germany (1939-1944) (4)

A
  • Resources are needed due to the lengthening of the war
  • A policy of exploitation of human and economic resources
  • Forced labor camps run by the SS
  • 8 million deportees to Germany in their industries and forced labor camps
31
Q

Support for Nazism

A
  • Support for Nazi ideas based on fear of communists
  • Aided by collaborationism such as with the the French Vichy government
32
Q

Anti Nazis (2)

A
  • Anti-Nazi order based on patriotism, anti-fascism and resistance
  • Some Italians rebelled against the fascists and the Germans
33
Q

Charles de Gaulle

A

Led the “Free France” forces in resisting German takeover

34
Q

Germanization (2)

A
  • Origins of the genocide: idea of superiority of the German Aryan race and the need for “living space space”
  • Slavic peoples also victims as their lands were “Germanized”
35
Q

The extermination of the Jews “holocaust”

A
  • First deportation to the ghettos, then internment in concentration camps
  • Jews held and killed in extermination camp, extermination chambers, concentration camps, gas chambers and crematorium ovens
36
Q

Wannsee Conference

A

Created the “final solution” to the Jewish question: annihilation the Jewish people

37
Q

The greatest catastrophe humanity has ever known (5)

A
  • Total war (military and civilian high casualties)
  • The destructive power of the new weapons
  • Mortality (55 million)
  • Large population displacements due to Nazi occupation
  • 40 million uprooted people
38
Q

The Nuremberg Trials

A

Tried and convicted high ranking Nazi officials, establishing the concept of crimes against humanity, war crimes and the International Criminal Court

39
Q

Consequences of the World War II (6)

A
  • Problems of food supply and distress
  • High level of debt
  • Prices skyrocketed (inflation)
  • The war accelerated the decline of the old European powers
  • Millions of deaths (mostly civilian)
  • The Cold War
40
Q

Battle of Stalingrad

A

1942 battle on the Eastern Front in which Soviet Union last 1.5 million soldiers, but still managed to win against Germany, the turning point of the war

41
Q

Italy Expansionalism

A

Italy invaded Ethiopia and Albania, also desiring the British North Africa territories

History (19 decks)

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