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History > World War I > Flashcards

World War I Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of the War (3)

A
  • French wanted back Alsace and Lorraine which Germany had
  • Dispute between the Austro-Hungarian and Russian empires for political and economic control of the Balkan area
  • Economic rivalries and Naval competition between the United Kingdom and Germany, making the UK ally with France against Germany
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2
Q

The Triple Alliance / Central Powers Members and Characteristics (3)

A

Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (but Italy was neutral in war)

-Defensive in nature
-Isolate France
-Defending Austria’s southern flank against Russia in the Balkans

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3
Q

The Triple Entente

A

United Kingdom, France and Russia (later 🇺🇸 )

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4
Q

Germany WW1 Policy and Leader

A

Under Wilhelm II, German policy was characterized by expansionism, nationalism and militarism

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5
Q

Before the War, European countries started… (2)

A
  • Creating a system of alliances
  • Rapid militarizing
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6
Q

First Moroccan Crisis (1905-1906) (3)

A
  • Germany was dissatisfied with the distribution of Africa at the Berlin Conference of 1885
  • Wilhelm II went to Tangiers, Morocco
    in support of the Sultan
  • Resolved with the Algeciras Conference of 1906
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7
Q

The Agadir Crisis (1911)

A
  • Military aid sent to the Moroccan Sultan

-Solved with British support to France

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8
Q

Balkan Question (3)

A
  • The Balkans were the scene of the so-called “question of the East.”
  • The weakness of the Ottoman Empire provoked the independence of Serbia, Greece, Romania and Bulgaria
  • Both Austria-Hungary and Russia wanted political and economic control there
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9
Q

Three Balkan Crises between 1908 and 1913

A
  • In 1908 the Austro-Hungarian Empire annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina, provoking Serbian protests
  • In 1912 the Balkan League (Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece) defeated Turkey, making Albania independent
  • In 1913 Serbia defeated Bulgaria and grew its Balkan territories
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10
Q

la de daaa im Archduke Franz Ferdinand and im going for a carriage ride la de daaaaa

A

The assassination of the heir to the Austro-Hungarian heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife was the trigger for the First World War

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11
Q

After the assassination, (🇦🇹-🇭🇺)

A

Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia and sent them an ultimatum, which they failed, so Austria-Hungary declared war on them

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12
Q

Alliances as a result of Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia

A

Russia, ally of France, came to the aid of Serbia

Germany came to Austria’s aid

So now France, Serbia and Russia were against Austria-Hungary and Germany

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13
Q

Advantages of Each Side

A

Central Powers had a better strategy and specialization in submarine warfare

Triple Entente had more soldiers and the British navy was stronger

Both sides had about equal weapons

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14
Q

Number of Countries Fighting

A

fourteen European countries and their colonies plus the United States and Japan

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15
Q

Total War

A

Use of all human, economic and technical resources

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16
Q

Number of soldiers mobilized in WW1

A

70 million

17
Q

Modern and Lethal weaponry (7)

A

Artillery, machine guns, battleships, submarines, toxic gases, battle tanks, aviation etc.

18
Q

War Economy (4)

A
  • Rationing and hardship for the population
  • Women in traditionally male jobs
  • Public debt and loans
  • Propaganda
19
Q

Schlieffen Plan

A

Germany’s plan of going through Belgium and defeating France easily then moving all troops to Russia easily

20
Q

Tannenberg Battle

A

Battle of Russia vs Germany and Germany wins

21
Q

First Battle of the Marne

A

Germany tried to take over Paris but failed

22
Q

Trench Warfare

A
  • Barbed wire and trenches
  • Try to breach the other side’s trenches
23
Q

Battle of the Somme (3)

A
  • fought from July till November in 1916
  • a joint operation between British and French forces intended to achieve a decisive victory over the Germans on the Western Front
  • it was very violent and bloody
24
Q

-1 +1

A

Russia leaves the war and the United States joins

25
Q

Loss of Central Powers (2)

A
  • Turks, Austro-Hungarians and Bulgarians were defeated
  • An internal revolution forced Wilhelm II to abdicate
26
Q

German Republic

A

was established in Germany and the armistice was signed (November 11, 1918)

27
Q

Zimmerman Telegram

A

British-intercepted telegram in which Germany asked Mexico to ally with them against the United States

28
Q

14 Points of Woodrow Wilson Summarized (5)

A
  • Suppression of secret diplomacy
  • Freedom of navigation and international commerce
  • Reduction of armaments
  • Recognition of the right to self-determination of people
  • Creation of League of Nations
29
Q

France end of war Treaty

A

Demanded harsh treaty against Germany with war reparations

30
Q

Treaty of Versailles (7)

A
  • Alsace and Lorraine to France
  • Corridor of Poland to Poland
  • Loss of all colonies
  • Heavy war reparations
  • Give profitable Saar coal mines to France for 15 years
  • Army down to 100,000 soldiers
  • Demilitarize the Rhineland
31
Q

Treaty created several four new states

A

Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey

32
Q

USA Economy Post WW1

A

Due to public debt and foreign bank loans abroad to the United States, it became the world’s leading economic power
stonks

33
Q

Demographic War Losses

A

9.7 million military personnel and about 10 million civilians

34
Q

New Rich vs New Poor

A

merchants and industrialists became rich while the rest of the population was by inflation and unemployment

35
Q

Women

A

womens’ work that replaced men during WW1 made helped them obtain the right to vote

36
Q

League of Nations Purpose

A

ensure the maintenance of peace, collective security, disarmament, and economic and cultural cooperation among the various States of the world

37
Q

Governing Bodies (4) of League of Nations and Creators (5)

A

The General Assembly
The Council
The Secretariat
Court of International Justice
Created by United Kingdom, United States, France, Italy
and Japan

38
Q

Weakness of League of Nations (3)

A

-No army and no executive capacity
-No accession of the defeated powers or the Soviet
Union allowed
-Isolationism of the United States, which was not part of
the League of Nations

39
Q

Good Side of League of Nations

A

Beginning of multilateral diplomacy and the creation of
humanitarian organizations (International Health
Organization).

History (19 decks)

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