World War I & The Russian Revolution Flashcards
Causes of World War I
Imperialism Nationalism Militarism Alliance System Balance of Power
Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78
Russia aids Bulgaria and Serbia against Ottoman Empire
- Germany stays neutral
- Treaty of Stefano (1878): independence to Serbia, Montenegro, and Bulgaria (Russian-influenced)
the Balkans
“Powder keg of Europe”
-had endured years of ethnic and political conflict
Ottoman Empire
“Sick man of Europe”
- Russia wants warm-water port
- Bosporus and Dardanelles
Triple Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy
The Triple Entente
France, England, Russia
The First Moroccan Crisis (1906)
Moroccans started fighting for independence, Wilhelm (Deutschland) helps
-Algeciras Conference
The Bosnian Crisis (1908)
- Bosnian people are Slavic
- Austria-Hungary added Bosnia
The Second Moroccan Crisis (1911)
The Panther goes to Agadir (German gunboat shows up)
England says there will be “no fighting between European countries without our permission”
The Balkan Wars (1912 and 1913)
War breaks out against Ottoman Empire
Balkan League
Greece
Serbia
Bulgaria
Montenegro
-does well, kicks Ottomans out of Balkan Peninsula
-started fighting each other over new territory
Militarism
Germany increased in defense spending
Germany produced tons more steel
The Assassination of the Archduke
June 28, 1914
Traveling into Sarajevo (main town in Bosnia (Slavic people))
-Gavrilo Princip assassinated the Archduke
July 28, 1914
Austria declares war on Serbia
-Germany’s “blank check” (support)
July 29th 1914
Russia mobilizes
-gets army ready, starts moving them
August 3, 1914
Germany mobilizes
August 4, 1914
Germany invades Belgium (neutral)
August 4, 1914
Britain declares war on Germany
The Schlieffen Plan (1905)
Quickly defeat the French, then send troops to defeat Russia