World War I Flashcards
0
Q
What area of the world was made in this war?
A
The Middle East
1
Q
What is WWI known as?
A
The literal beginning of the 20th century
2
Q
What was wilson’s government style?
A
Just make new bureaucracies to solve problems
3
Q
What did the U.S. Attempt to do in the war?
A
Stay neutral
4
Q
What were some reasons the U.S. Stayed neutral for a majority of the war?
A
There many different people from different cultures in America and they didn’t want to upset anyone
Wanted less people dying
There was not a compelling enough reason to join
5
Q
Why was the whole world involved?
A
There were many countries with colonies from all around the world, so when one of them got involved, it caused all of them to be
6
Q
Who was Otto Von Bismarck?
A
A German chancellor
7
Q
What was the ally system called and what was it?
A
The Bismarck system
The German feared that the French would someday retaliate and attack them
If one from the alliance was attacked, it was as if they all were.
8
Q
What did France think of the Bismarck system?
A
It was a plan to overthrow them.
They did the same.
9
Q
What became the number one industry in Germany?
A
Military
10
Q
Describe kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany
A
6 sons Strange headwear-with horns on it Very power-hungry Had dreams of German domination Came to rule at age 30 Had the second reich
11
Q
What was one of Wilhelm’s plans?
A
Build a huge navy
12
Q
What was Germany jealous of of GB’s?
A
Their colonies
13
Q
How were the three rulers related?
A
They were all grandsons of queen Victoria
14
Q
Who were the three cousin rulers?
A
The kaiser
George the fifth of England
Czar nickolai II
15
Q
What day was the archduke Ferdinand assassinated?
A
June 28, 1914
16
Q
Who was the archduke?
A
The crown prince of Austria
17
Q
Who were going where when he was shot?
A
Franz Ferdinand and Countess Sophie were going to Sarajevo, Bosnia
18
Q
Where were the people of the black hand from?
A
Serbia
19
Q
Who was the one who shot the archduke?
A
Gavrilo Principal from Serbia
20
Q
Why did princip shoot Ferdinand?
A
He was anti Austria-Hungary. He didn’t want the two countries to merge
21
Q
Who were in the allies?
A
France and Britain and Belgium
22
Q
Who was in the central powers?
A
Germany
23
Q
What was the war called during the war?
A
The Great War
24
What was the nickname if the war?
The war to end all wars
25
What was the biggest battle in the war? And how many casualties?
Gallipoli
| 250,000 on each side
26
What wa Britain trying to do in this battle?
Capture the Hellespont and cut off the supplies to the central powers
27
How many deaths were ther in the first month?
200,000
28
Who were the front lines?
Soldiers who went over the top of the trenches
29
Who were the back loners?
Officers
30
What were Springfield rifles?
Scopes
31
What did the Russians and Germans call the hand grenades?
Potato mashers
32
What was one thing the U.S. Said about the grenades?
They were like baseballs
33
What was only okay in WWI?
Gas attack so
34
What was in the gas?
Mustard gas- burned the lungs and blinded them.
35
How big was the flamethrower range?
120 feet
36
What was another weapon?
Machine guns
| Barbed wire
37
How did night flares work?
Shot up when people tripped on the wires
38
What was the Paris gun?
Mounted on a railroad car
| Shot at an angle to hit Paris
39
What was he biggest gun the Germans had and what did it hit?
"Big Bertha"
| A church on a Sunday morning
40
What were zeppelins used for?
Dropping bombs
41
What was one of the first Zeppelin airports?
The Empire State Building
42
What were two firsts for this war?
Dog fights and aerial combat
43
Who was the Red Baron?
Manfred Von Richthofen
44
What was the RB's fleet called?
The flying circus
45
How many kills did the rb have?
80
46
What was the RB's plane?
Fokker DR-1
47
What was GB's main military strategy and how did Germany ruin it?
Blockades
| U boats
48
How many u boats were there and how many kills did they have?
20
| 6,000
49
Why did the U.S. Decide to back gb?
Economic reasons
50
What British ship was sunk by a U boat off the coast of Ireland?
The Lusitania
51
What did the Germans claim about the sinking?
That they were threatened and the boat had wad supplies on it.
52
What French boat was sunk while carrying many us passengers?
The Sussex
53
What was wilson's slogan when he ran for reelection?
"He kept us out of the war"
54
What did Wilson want and ask congress for?
War
| A draft
55
Who sent the Zimmerman note, to who, and what did it say?
German equivalent of the sec of state
Mexico
If the U.S. Entered the war, Mexico should enter the war and join with Germany and they would give Mexico Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back
56
Who intersected the z note?
Britain
57
How long did the U.S. Take after declaring war to enter the war?
1 year
58
What were some different reactions to the drafts?
Some were fighting to be the first in line
| Some refused to join because of religious purposes.
59
What did they have to do if they avoided registry?
Spend a year in jail
60
What were war bonds
Lend the gov. Money
| $100 and in 10 years it was worth $200
61
What was a nickname for the Germans?
Huns
62
What was the catch word of the war?
Liberty
63
What was the aef?
The American expeditionary force
64
What could women do in the war?
Serve in the Red Cross
| Encourage
65
What were liberty gardens?
Herbert Hoover encouraged them
| He headed the U.S. Food administration
66
Who were two people from kc in the ambulance corps?
Hemingway and Disney
67
What was the motherless children of France?
Started by women
| For orphans
68
Who was the naval officer that reformed naval guns?
Admiral William Simms
69
Explain the convoy system
Made by Simms
Put the most vulnerable ships in a fleet in the middle
Have destroyers- sub killers that unloaded the barrels with explosives underwater
These were outside of the cargo or vulnerable ships
70
What was john j pershing's nickname?
Black jack
71
Why is the WWI museum in Missouri?
Because Pershing is from here
72
Who was Pershing?
The commanding general of the aef
73
Who made the brace to put a machine gun on a car?
George patten
74
Whose grave did Pershing arrange to see and why?
Marquis de Lafayette
He was a French dude who helped the U.S. In the revolutionary war
Pershing put a wreath on his grave and poured soil from bunker hill on it
75
What did Pershing say to lafayette's grave?
Lafayette we are here!
76
Who was Ferdinand Foch and shay did he say to Pershing?
The French supreme commander
| The U.S. Would be in the back lines
77
What was the german's new strategy?
Operation Michael
Push to Paris at all costs
They fired 183 shells to Paris in one day and it was evacuated
78
What was the first battle the Americans were at?
Bellau wood
79
Where did the French have their guns aimed during Bellau Wood?
A wheat fields
80
Who was the U.S. commander at Bellau wood who was encouraged to retreat nut didn't?
Lloyd Williams
81
What was the bloodiest day in marine Corps history?
June 6th
At Bellau wood
1,087 dead
82
What two battles pushed the Germans back super far?
Chateau Thierry and Argonne Forest
83
What had the Germans always controlled?
The Argonne Forrest
84
What did major Charles whittlesey control?
The last battalion
85
What place were the Batallions supposed to get to?
Charlevaux Mill
86
Who was the most famous pigeon messenger and Wnere was he shot?and what was his message?
Cher Ami
Stop the shelling
Lost a leg
His eye
87
What was Cher ami awarded?
The highest military honor
| Now on display at the smithsonian
88
Who was sergeant stubby?
A mascot
Fought in 17 battle campaigns
He could detect artillery fire coming because of the sound
The only Seagrams dog
Sniffed out a German spy in the Argonne forest
89
Who was George McMurtry?
Harvard grad
Fought at San Juan hill
Got a Medal of Honor in WWII
90
Which sear hang was a Christian and had to go in the cliffs and spend time with God to decide if he thought it was morally right to kill?
Sgt. Alvin York
91
What did York do that gained him fame?
He and 16 others slipped in and fired at some Germans that near a railroad they were to be securing
They went against 30 machine guns
He personally killed 28 Germans
132 prisoners of war were surrendered and he marched them back
7/16 survived
92
Why did York not do any endorsements?
He did not want to gain fame, money, or capitalize on anyone's death
93
Why did York allow a movie of his life to be made?
During wwii in hopes it would help recruit
94
Who were two significant people who fought in WWI?
Harry s. Truman
| Hitler-> he was a messenger because he was quick
95
November 11, 1918 at 11 in the morning
The Germans surrendered
96
What holiday was made on November 11th?
Armistice day
| Now Veterans Day
97
What wagon did the Germans surrender on?
2419
98
What was a significant thing about this war?
It was he first war that more men died on the battle field than from infection in a hospital
99
Where did the Spanish flu likely begin?
Kansas
100
What was a speculation on the flu epidemic?
It wa scheme cla warfare started by Germany
101
How many worldwide died of the flu and how many Americans?
10 million
| 700,000
102
Who lead the Paris peace talks?
French Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson
103
What were the German punishments?
Give up all captured lands: Rhineland, Poland was created, all colonies in Asia and Africa
War guilt clause: they must claim all responsibility for starting the war and all losses
Repay all financial debt
Disarm all military weaponry
Allow to have a standing arm but no weapons
Six ships
104
What did the Paris peace talks create?
```
The League of Nations
Us did not ratify them
Wilson Has a stroke while speaking
No 25th amendment
Edith Wilson took over the Whitehorse
Europe ended up in economic depression
```
105
What did all the nations have after the war?
A spirit of cooperation
106
Who was in charge when the first Russian revolution happened?
Csar Nicholas II
107
Why were people resenting Nicholas?
They had the most losses in the war
They still had the most people
He started to not care how many people died because there was always someone to replace the person
108
Who led the revolution against Nicholas?
Alexander Kerensky
109
What did mere sky claim and what happened?
He would end the war
| He did not at all
110
What was November of 1918 renamed?
Red October
111
Who lead the communist revolution?
Vladimir (Nikolai) Lenin
112
What was thus revolution also nicknamed?
The Bolshevik Revolution
113
What does Bolshevik mean?
Majority
114
What does the word soviet mean?
Council of equals
115
What did the nation do under the reign of kerensky?
Denounced God and church
| Became an atheist nation
116
Who was there a power struggle between?
Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin
117
What was the red scare?
Anarchists sent a letter bomb to us offices
| It was a communist scare
118
What is May first called?
Mayday
119
Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
They robbed a Massachusetts bank
Two men were shot and killed
People thought they were communists
Convicted by jury
They were sentenced to die in the electric chair
They were the longest appeal up until then- 7 years
120
What dos the word kaiser mean?
Caesar
121
What was the Lincoln tank called?
The French crosser
122
What was the most memorable phrase that Wilson said to congress?
Fought for the intimate peace of the world, and for the liberation of its people... The world must be made safe for democracy
123
What became america's WWI anthem?
Over there by George m. Cohan
124
What were some of the ways recycling was used?
Peach pits were stuck inside gas masks
| So peach pits
125
What were us soldiers nicknames?
Doughboys
126
What did williams say at Bellau Wood?
Retreat? Hell, we just got here
127
What does the ussr stand for?
The Union of soviet socialist republics
128
Who's boys is on display in Russia?
Lenin
