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History > Western Civ Chapter 5-6 > Flashcards

Western Civ Chapter 5-6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Romanization

A

The spread of Roman law & culture

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2
Q

what did Romans value?

A

Family loyalty, selfless political & military service to the community, individual honor/public status, the importance of law, & shared decision making.

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3
Q

Mos maiorum

A

They honored the way of the elders & thought older was better

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4
Q

Virtus

A

Men: strength loyalty and courage - especially in war
Women: wisdom & loyalty

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5
Q

Fides

A

Keeping one’s faithfulness

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6
Q

Patron client system

A 
Patron: man of superior status who could provide benefits to lower class clients
Clients: owed him duties & paid him attention
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7
Q

What did patrons do?

A 
They were often clients of higher class men
They gave financial aid & political campaign support/legal trouble help
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8
Q

What did clients do?

A

Supported their patrons in everything & accompanied their patron to the forum

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9
Q

What was a huge focus within the family?

A

The father held all the power

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10
Q

How did women state their political/social opinions since they could not vote or hold office?

A

They talked at parties

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11
Q

What was the Roman gods’ major job?

A

To protect rome’s safety & prosperity

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12
Q

What were the vestal virgins?

A

A cult of 6 virgins who had to stay virgins & keep their candles lit & if a candle went out they’d assume one of them had sex & they killed her

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13
Q

Pietas

A

Devotion & duty to family

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14
Q

What was the pontifex Maximus?

A

The head of state religion

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15
Q

Who did the Romans adopt the religious rituals of?

A

The Etruscans

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16
Q

Patricians

A

Most aristocratic families

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17
Q

The plebeians

A

The rest of the citizens

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18
Q

The twelve tables

A

Earliest Roman law code that guaranteed greater equality & social mobility

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19
Q

Ladder of offices

A

You could not jump to a specific office- you had to work you’d way up

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20
Q

What was the centuriate in charge of?

A

Elected praetors/consuls

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21
Q

What did the plebeian assembly do?

A

Elected tribunes but only plebeians

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22
Q

What did the tribals do?

A

They were the most important & did pats & plebs

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23
Q

Who were the Romans defeated by?

A

The Gauls

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24
Q

What were the Punic wars?

A

Wars fought with Carthage

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25
Q

Who was the head Carthaginian general in the 2nd Punic war?

A

Hannibal

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26
Q

What was the bloodiest battle on Roman history?

A

The battle of cannae

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27
Q

What was the result of the third Punic war?

A

The Romans completely flattened Carthage

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28
Q

Who wrote the origins & what was it?

A

Cato

A history of Rome

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29
Q

What was the purpose of On the Nature of Things

A

Lucretius tried to convince people not to fear death

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30
Q

Humanitas

A

“Humanities” written by Cicero
Expressed an ideal for human life on generous & honest treatment of others & a commitment to morality based on the natural law

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31
Q

What were the huge farms that the rich owned?

A

Latifundia

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32
Q

Populares

A

Supporters of the commoners

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33
Q

Optimates

A

Supporters of the highest class

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34
Q

What is a client army?

A

An army that is loyal to a person rather than the country

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35
Q

What is a proletariat?

A

A man who can not afford his weapons & had no land

36
Q

Who was in the first triumvirate?

A

Pompey
Caesar
And Crassus

37
Q

Who did caesar’s daughter Julia marry?

A

Pompey

38
Q

Who did Caesar have an affair with?

A

Cleopatra

39
Q

What happened with the Sabines?

A

Romulus invited them over for s festival & they kidnapped & forced all of their women to marry them. They eventually went to war with the Sabines & then made peace & joined population

40
Q

What was the highest education for men?

A

Rhetoric logic and persuasive speaking

41
Q

How did the senate begin?

A

As a group of advisors to the king

42
Q

Where did conflicts in Rome during the republic start?

A

Sicily

43
Q

What was the Punic wars started osver?

A

Sicily

44
Q

What happened in the 2nd Punic war?

A

Carthage invaded Italy

Rome invaded Carthage & won

45
Q

What happened in the third Punic war?

A

Rome completely destroyed Carthage

46
Q

Cato

A

First to write the history of Rome in Latin

47
Q

What did the graccus brothers feel they should stand up for?

A

The normal

48
Q

Tiberius

A

Wanted the elite to stand up for the poor
Elected tribune
Tried to pass reform laws
Blocked by the senate
Overruled by the plebeian assembly
He ran as the plebeian rep twice in a row & was clubbed to death

49
Q

Gaius

A

Ran for tribune 10 years after his brother

He was going to be killed for his ideas so he killed himself

50
Q

What were equestrians/equites?

A

Wealthy businessmen

51
Q

Who made client armies?

A

Gaius Marius

52
Q

Why did the Optimates oppose gaius?

A

He was not elite. He supported the commoners

53
Q

Who was sulla’s enemy?

A

Mithradates

54
Q

What list did Sulla make?

A

A list of people he wanted dead & if they were killed the person was not punished

55
Q

What did Sulla force the senate to do?

A

Give him the official title of dictator

56
Q

Who fought for sulla’s power after he died?

A

Pompey JC and Crassus

57
Q

What did Julius Caesar force the Egyptians to do?

A

Kill Pompey

58
Q

Who was Julius Caesar killed by?

A

Some Optimates

59
Q

Pax Romana

A

Roman peace

60
Q

Who were the main leaders in the civil war?

A

Mark Antony and Octavian

61
Q

Who was the second triumvirate?

A

Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus

62
Q

What happened to Antony?

A

He fell in love with cleopatra even though he was married to octavian’s sister.
He and cleopatra led to Egypt and committed suicide together.

63
Q

What does agustus mean?

A

Divinely favored

64
Q

Who did Tiberius choose as his heir?

A

Tiberius

65
Q

Who did Tiberius choose?

A

Caligula (Gaius)

66
Q

What happened to Caligula?

A

He bankrupt the treasury
He committed crimes of incest and murder
He was killed by the praetorian guard

67
Q

Nero

A

Became emp at sixteen
A fire burned Rome
He used the treasury to build a new palace
He faked treason to get money and had a servant help him cu this throat
His death Led to a civil war

68
Q

What people did vespian rule?

A

The flavians

69
Q

Who were vespian’s sons?

A

Titus and Domitian

70
Q

Titus

A

Suppressed the Jewish cult and built the collets swum but died after two years

71
Q

Domitian was murdered by his wife and the congress

A

Ok

72
Q

Debasement of coinage

A

Putting less of the precious metals (silver) in each coin without changing the face value

73
Q

Septimus Severus

A

Son was Caracalla

They drained the treasury to satisfy the army

74
Q

Caracalla

A

Murdered his brother
Made the money out of wack
Led to civil war
The Roman Empire was very vulnerable & could be invaded by basically anyone

75
Q

Battle of Actium

A

Octavian defeated Mark Antony and Caracalla’s armies

76
Q

What is princep & who was the first to have the title

A

Octavian & first among equals

77
Q

What was the principate?

A

The princeps empire

78
Q

What did Octavian do?

A

He kept the amount of power he had a secret and made people believe that they were living in a republic

79
Q

What does Caesar agustus mean?

A

Divinely favored

80
Q

What did CA control?

A

The army and treasury

81
Q

Who created the military career?

A

Caesar agustus

82
Q

How was Caligula killed?

A

The praetorian guard murdered him

83
Q

Which emperor dressed as a woman and set Christians on fire?

A

Nero

84
Q

Who was the first king of the Romans?

A

Romulus

85
Q

Who won the civil war after Nero

A

Vespasian

86
Q

What dynasty was Vespasian associated eith?

A

Flavian

History (15 decks)

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