Western Civ Chapter 5-6

Question 1

Romanization

Answer 1

The spread of Roman law & culture

Question 2

what did Romans value?

Answer 2

Family loyalty, selfless political & military service to the community, individual honor/public status, the importance of law, & shared decision making.

Question 3

Mos maiorum

Answer 3

They honored the way of the elders & thought older was better

Question 4

Virtus

Answer 4

Men: strength loyalty and courage - especially in war
Women: wisdom & loyalty

Question 5

Fides

Answer 5

Keeping one’s faithfulness

Question 6

Patron client system

Answer 6

Patron: man of superior status who could provide benefits to lower class clients
Clients: owed him duties & paid him attention

Question 7

What did patrons do?

Answer 7

They were often clients of higher class men
They gave financial aid & political campaign support/legal trouble help

Question 8

What did clients do?

Answer 8

Supported their patrons in everything & accompanied their patron to the forum

Question 9

What was a huge focus within the family?

Answer 9

The father held all the power

Question 10

How did women state their political/social opinions since they could not vote or hold office?

Answer 10

They talked at parties

Question 11

What was the Roman gods’ major job?

Answer 11

To protect rome’s safety & prosperity

Question 12

What were the vestal virgins?

Answer 12

A cult of 6 virgins who had to stay virgins & keep their candles lit & if a candle went out they’d assume one of them had sex & they killed her

Question 13

Pietas

Answer 13

Devotion & duty to family

Question 14

What was the pontifex Maximus?

Answer 14

The head of state religion

Question 15

Who did the Romans adopt the religious rituals of?

Answer 15

The Etruscans

Question 16

Patricians

Answer 16

Most aristocratic families

Question 17

The plebeians

Answer 17

The rest of the citizens

Question 18

The twelve tables

Answer 18

Earliest Roman law code that guaranteed greater equality & social mobility

Question 19

Ladder of offices

Answer 19

You could not jump to a specific office- you had to work you’d way up

Question 20

What was the centuriate in charge of?

Answer 20

Elected praetors/consuls

Question 21

What did the plebeian assembly do?

Answer 21

Elected tribunes but only plebeians

Question 22

What did the tribals do?

Answer 22

They were the most important & did pats & plebs

Question 23

Who were the Romans defeated by?

Answer 23

The Gauls

Question 24

What were the Punic wars?

Answer 24

Wars fought with Carthage

Question 25

Who was the head Carthaginian general in the 2nd Punic war?

Answer 25

Hannibal

Question 26

What was the bloodiest battle on Roman history?

Answer 26

The battle of cannae

Question 27

What was the result of the third Punic war?

Answer 27

The Romans completely flattened Carthage

Question 28

Who wrote the origins & what was it?

Answer 28

Cato | A history of Rome

Question 29

What was the purpose of On the Nature of Things

Answer 29

Lucretius tried to convince people not to fear death

Question 30

Humanitas

Answer 30

"Humanities" written by Cicero Expressed an ideal for human life on generous & honest treatment of others & a commitment to morality based on the natural law

Question 31

What were the huge farms that the rich owned?

Answer 31

Latifundia

Question 32

Populares

Answer 32

Supporters of the commoners

Question 33

Optimates

Answer 33

Supporters of the highest class

Question 34

What is a client army?

Answer 34

An army that is loyal to a person rather than the country

Question 35

What is a proletariat?

Answer 35

A man who can not afford his weapons & had no land

Question 36

Who was in the first triumvirate?

Answer 36

Pompey Caesar And Crassus

Question 37

Who did caesar's daughter Julia marry?

Answer 37

Pompey

Question 38

Who did Caesar have an affair with?

Answer 38

Cleopatra

Question 39

What happened with the Sabines?

Answer 39

Romulus invited them over for s festival & they kidnapped & forced all of their women to marry them. They eventually went to war with the Sabines & then made peace & joined population

Question 40

What was the highest education for men?

Answer 40

Rhetoric logic and persuasive speaking

Question 41

How did the senate begin?

Answer 41

As a group of advisors to the king

Question 42

Where did conflicts in Rome during the republic start?

Answer 42

Sicily

Question 43

What was the Punic wars started osver?

Answer 43

Sicily

Question 44

What happened in the 2nd Punic war?

Answer 44

Carthage invaded Italy | Rome invaded Carthage & won

Question 45

What happened in the third Punic war?

Answer 45

Rome completely destroyed Carthage

Question 46

Cato

Answer 46

First to write the history of Rome in Latin

Question 47

What did the graccus brothers feel they should stand up for?

Answer 47

The normal

Question 48

Tiberius

Answer 48

Wanted the elite to stand up for the poor Elected tribune Tried to pass reform laws Blocked by the senate Overruled by the plebeian assembly He ran as the plebeian rep twice in a row & was clubbed to death

Question 49

Gaius

Answer 49

Ran for tribune 10 years after his brother | He was going to be killed for his ideas so he killed himself

Question 50

What were equestrians/equites?

Answer 50

Wealthy businessmen

Question 51

Who made client armies?

Answer 51

Gaius Marius

Question 52

Why did the Optimates oppose gaius?

Answer 52

He was not elite. He supported the commoners

Question 53

Who was sulla's enemy?

Answer 53

Mithradates

Question 54

What list did Sulla make?

Answer 54

A list of people he wanted dead & if they were killed the person was not punished

Question 55

What did Sulla force the senate to do?

Answer 55

Give him the official title of dictator

Question 56

Who fought for sulla's power after he died?

Answer 56

Pompey JC and Crassus

Question 57

What did Julius Caesar force the Egyptians to do?

Answer 57

Kill Pompey

Question 58

Who was Julius Caesar killed by?

Answer 58

Some Optimates

Question 59

Pax Romana

Answer 59

Roman peace

Question 60

Who were the main leaders in the civil war?

Answer 60

Mark Antony and Octavian

Question 61

Who was the second triumvirate?

Answer 61

Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus

Question 62

What happened to Antony?

Answer 62

He fell in love with cleopatra even though he was married to octavian's sister. He and cleopatra led to Egypt and committed suicide together.

Question 63

What does agustus mean?

Answer 63

Divinely favored

Question 64

Who did Tiberius choose as his heir?

Answer 64

Tiberius

Question 65

Who did Tiberius choose?

Answer 65

Caligula (Gaius)

Question 66

What happened to Caligula?

Answer 66

He bankrupt the treasury He committed crimes of incest and murder He was killed by the praetorian guard

Question 67

Nero

Answer 67

Became emp at sixteen A fire burned Rome He used the treasury to build a new palace He faked treason to get money and had a servant help him cu this throat His death Led to a civil war

Question 68

What people did vespian rule?

Answer 68

The flavians

Question 69

Who were vespian's sons?

Answer 69

Titus and Domitian

Question 70

Titus

Answer 70

Suppressed the Jewish cult and built the collets swum but died after two years

Question 71

Domitian was murdered by his wife and the congress

Answer 71

Ok

Question 72

Debasement of coinage

Answer 72

Putting less of the precious metals (silver) in each coin without changing the face value

Question 73

Septimus Severus

Answer 73

Son was Caracalla | They drained the treasury to satisfy the army

Question 74

Caracalla

Answer 74

Murdered his brother Made the money out of wack Led to civil war The Roman Empire was very vulnerable & could be invaded by basically anyone

Question 75

Battle of Actium

Answer 75

Octavian defeated Mark Antony and Caracalla's armies

Question 76

What is princep & who was the first to have the title

Answer 76

Octavian & first among equals

Question 77

What was the principate?

Answer 77

The princeps empire

Question 78

What did Octavian do?

Answer 78

He kept the amount of power he had a secret and made people believe that they were living in a republic

Question 79

What does Caesar agustus mean?

Answer 79

Divinely favored

Question 80

What did CA control?

Answer 80

The army and treasury

Question 81

Who created the military career?

Answer 81

Caesar agustus

Question 82

How was Caligula killed?

Answer 82

The praetorian guard murdered him

Question 83

Which emperor dressed as a woman and set Christians on fire?

Answer 83

Nero

Question 84

Who was the first king of the Romans?

Answer 84

Romulus

Question 85

Who won the civil war after Nero

Answer 85

Vespasian

Question 86

What dynasty was Vespasian associated eith?

Answer 86

Flavian