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Unit 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

What was this age?

A

A time when capitalism was fully embraced

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1
Q

When was the gilded age?

A

1877-1895

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2
Q

What is capitalism?

A

Taking a seed (money) and investing it in something in hopes it will grow (create more money).

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3
Q

Why is competition a good thing?

A

It makes quality, price, and service better

People want the best quality, so competition makes people strive to make a better product

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4
Q

Who created the phrase “survival of the fittest”?

A

Herbert spencer

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5
Q

What is social Darwinism?

A

This says that evolution and survival of the fittest applies to the economy

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6
Q

What quote sums up the idea of social Darwinism?

A

“If you cannot compete, you deserve for your business to be overrun.”

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7
Q

What was a huge product during this age?

A

Steel

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8
Q

Who made the first skyscraper?

A

The U.S.

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9
Q

What were they calling places with skyscrapers?

A

Vertical cities.

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10
Q

What did the world convert to?

A

Fossil fuels

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11
Q

What happened to local markets?

A

They became national markets

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12
Q

What did advertising show men and women?

A

It especially showed women what the latest style was, but also showed some of that to men

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13
Q

What happened to music in this time period?

A

It went national for the first time.

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14
Q

What was the US recognized as for the first time?

A

An industrial power

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15
Q

What else was the US recognized as?

A

The melting pot

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16
Q

Who was Herbert spencer?

A

A British philosopher

Created the concept of social Darwinism

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17
Q

What does gilded mean?

A

Covered
Coated
Highlighted with gold
Something of a golden color

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18
Q

Who were Nate presidents in the guided age?

A 
Hayes
Garfield
Arthur
Cleveland
Harrison
Cleveland
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19
Q

Who was Cleveland married to?

A

Frankie

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20
Q

What was the name of their child?

A

Ruth Cleveland

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21
Q

What candy was named for her?

A

Baby Ruth

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22
Q

Which president was in power when new states were added and how many?

A

6

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23
Q

What was the significance of the middle class?

A

There were a lot of new businesses
It gave people the hope to move up classes
If you were at the top, there was less to fall

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24
Q

How many patents were made between 1860 and 1890?

A

500,000

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25
Q

How many patents existed before that?

A

50,000

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26
Q

Where was Alexander graham bell from?

A

Scotland

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27
Q

What inspired him to improve herring?

A

His mother had bad hearing

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28
Q

What did aleck invent as boy?

A

A dummy head

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29
Q

What did he and his father invent and they went on tour?

A

A lip reading machine

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30
Q

Why were deaf people considered retarded?

A

Because they talked funny

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31
Q

Where did the bell family move and why?

A

Canada and because of financial reasons

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32
Q

What were two of Edison’s inventions that helped people who couldn’t hear?

A

The first amplified speaker and piano

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33
Q

Why did he move to Boston?

A

There were a lot of deaf schools

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34
Q

Who did he meet?

A

Helen Keller

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35
Q

What did he experiment with?

A

Harmonic telegraphy

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36
Q

What was that?

A

A telegraph with sound

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37
Q

Why did he not make a patent in America first?

A

He wanted to have one in Great Britain and he wanted to have one in the US and you can’t patent anything that had been patented in another country in Great Britain

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38
Q

Who else applied for a patent on the same device on the same day?

A

Elisha grey

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39
Q

What was different about grey’s invention?

A

He used water

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40
Q

Who was the patent officer?

A

Zenas Wilber

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41
Q

Why did bell win the patent war?

A

He was a civil war vet who fought in the same section as Wilber

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42
Q

What did were the first words spoken over telephone?

A

They were spoken by bell saying them to his assistant: “mr. Watson, come quickly, I need you.”

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43
Q

What year did he get his European patent?

A

1976

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44
Q

Where did he go to try to sell his invention?

A

The western union

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45
Q

How much did he ask them for?

A

100,000

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46
Q

How much was the patent on the telephone worth in 1878?

A

25 million dollars

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47
Q

What did he create to work on inventions with?

A

Bell labs

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48
Q

What was Thomas Edison’s nickname?

A

The wizard of Menlo park

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49
Q

What was Edison’s most famous idea?

A

The think tank

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50
Q

How many patents did Edison have?

A

1,100

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51
Q

Was Thomas a good dude?

A

No. He stole most of his ideas

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52
Q

What was the ticker tape machine?

A

It was basically the same as a telegraph, but it transferred words on to a reel

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53
Q

What is a phonograph?

A

Record player

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54
Q

What sorts of things did people buy for phonographs?

A

Recordings of speeches of presidents

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55
Q

Who invented the first motion picture camera, film, and projector and who was the first producer?

A

Thomas Edison

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56
Q

What was the first film made?

A

The great train robbery

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57
Q

What kind of battery did he invent?

A

Nickel-alkaline

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58
Q

What is he most famous for inventing?

A

A filament for the lightbulb

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59
Q

Who was the biggest backer for Edison?

A

JP Morgan

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60
Q

What was the filament made of?

A

Carbonized cardboard

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61
Q

Where was the first demonstration of flip light switches?

A

JP Morgan’s home

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62
Q

Where did he build the first transformers?

A

Lower Manhattan

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63
Q

Why did Edison build on Wall Street?

A

So that the investors could see it

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64
Q

What day did he power up part of nyc?

A

September 4th, 1882

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65
Q

What other city did he set up lights in?

A

London

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66
Q

Which president and his wife were terrified of electricity, therefore refused to touch a lightswitch?

A

Ben Harrison

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67
Q

What was one way that Edison advertised for his electricity?

A

On Coney Island amusement park, he put topsy the elephant down with electricity in public to show the benefits of electricity

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68
Q

Where were most of the immigrants from?

A

England, Ireland, Northern Europe, Italians, poles, Russians, Greeks, Slavs,

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69
Q

What did the labor contract law do?

A

Allowed them to pay for the passage of workers in advance and deduct the amount later from their wages.

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70
Q

What were working conditions like?

A

There was no job security, things were now impersonal because jobs that were done by hand were now done by machines,

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71
Q

How many factory workers were women?

A

20%

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72
Q

What industry did women mainly work in?

A

Textiles

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73
Q

How many children were in the work force?

A

1.7 million

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74
Q

What percentage of girls ages 10-15 worked?

A

10%

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75
Q

What percentage of all boys worked?

A

20%

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76
Q

What kind of laws were there, even if they were widely ignored?

A

If they were 12 years old, they could only have a 10 hour day

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77
Q

Who were the “Molly Maguires”?

A

A coal region of Pennsylvania that used violence and murder to do jobs

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78
Q

What happened in the railroad strike of 1877?

A

They were protesting about 10% wage cuts

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79
Q

Who was the leader of the noble order of the Knights of labor?

A

Uriah S. Stephens

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80
Q

Who was not allowed in the Knights of labor?

A

Lawyers, bankers, liquor dealers, and pro gamblers

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81
Q

What did the kol fight for?

A

8 hour workdays, and no children working

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82
Q

Who moved into a public group?

A

Terence V. Powderly

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83
Q

What was the federation of organized trade and labor unions of the United States known as?

A

The American federation of labor

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84
Q

Who was the leader of the afl?

A

Samuel Gompers

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85
Q

Which group had a strike in the haymaker square?

A

McCormick Harvester Company

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86
Q

How many people died and were injured in the bombing?

A

7 died

77 killed

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87
Q

What was the most powerful trade union?

A

The almalgamated association of iron and steel

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88
Q

Who was the head of the Carnegie system?

A

Henry clay frick

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89
Q

What were the guards from the Pinkerton detective agency hired by frick called?

A

Strike breakers

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90
Q

What happened when the strike breakers and the pinker tons met?

A

The sb’s poured gasoline on the water and set it on fire and they killed a few people. The almalagated surrendered.

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91
Q

Who was the electricity war between?

A

Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse

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92
Q

Which person chose direct current and what was that?

A

Thomas Edison and it delivered electricity only a few miles but was Safe

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93
Q

What was alternating current and who chose it?

A

Not tamed yet, but could send electricity very far

George Westinghouse

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94
Q

What did Westinghouse invent?

A

First air breaks for trains, switches for railroad tracks, electric train signals, 1st automobile shock absorbers

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95
Q

Where was nikola tesla from?

A

Hungary

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96
Q

What was tesla?

A

The first mad scientist

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97
Q

Who did tesla work with when he first came to the U.S.?

A

Edison

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98
Q

Why was tesla fired by his employer?

A

Tesla wanted to go with AC, but Edison wanted dc

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99
Q

Where did tesla go?

A

To work with Westinghouse

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100
Q

Who was Leonard pope?

A

The nation’s top engineer

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101
Q

How did pope die?

A

He was electrocuted and died while making the first AC transformer

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102
Q

Who did pope work for?

A

Westinghouse

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103
Q

Who suggested getting rid of criminals by using electricity?

A

Edison

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104
Q

What did Edison say was the best way to prove AC was bad?

A

By using it to electrocute people

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105
Q

Who was the first to die on the electric chair?

A

William kemmler

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106
Q

What did kemmler choose when asked to pick how he would like to be executed?

A

Hanging

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107
Q

What did kemmler’ lawyer say to try to get out of it?

A

It was cruel and unusual

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108
Q

What was the chair called?

A

Sparky

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109
Q

How did the death of?

A

He struggled allot and they thought he was dead three times

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110
Q

What did Edison want to call the chair?

A

Westinghousing

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111
Q

Who developed a safe AC transformer?

A

Tesla

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112
Q

Where was a huge AC transformer installed?

A

Niagra falls

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113
Q

What were some nicknames of tesla?

A

Father of physics
The man who invented the twentieth century
Master of lightning
Patron saint of modern electricity

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114
Q

What else did tesla invent?

A

The first induction motor

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115
Q

What is the tesla affect?

A

Using any sort of remote

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116
Q

Who invented x Rays and plasma Rays?

A

Tesla

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117
Q

What was one of Tesla’s problem?

A

He would come up with an idea but he was so unorganized that he would lose the sketch and forget about it

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118
Q

Where was guglielmlo Marconi from?

A

Italy

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119
Q

What was Marconi famous for?

A

He was the father of radio

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120
Q

What did tesla get mad about?

A

Marconi stole his idea and won a Nobel prize for it

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121
Q

Tesla motors

A

Tesla had nothing to do with them

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122
Q

What were the first ice boxes?

A

Metal boxes with space for a block of ice to come through

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123
Q

Where did the ice men get water from?

A

Rivers

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124
Q

What companies were the first to push for electric refrigeration?

A

The breweries

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125
Q

What happened when machines were introduced for this?

A 
People lost jobs
It was cheaper
People gained helpful tools
The railroad tracks were tripled
All goods became national
Farms became commercial
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126
Q

What replaced the blubber and oil?

A

Kerosene

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127
Q

What became popular during this ages?

A

Professional offices
File cabinets
Type writers

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128
Q

What was the first vertical city?

A

The U.S.

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129
Q

What enabled people to make large buildings?

A

Mass produced steel

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130
Q

What was the tallest structure before skyscrapers?

A

Church steeples

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131
Q

Who invented the safety elevator?

A

Elisha Otis

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132
Q

How did Otis improve the elevator?

A

He made kinks so that it would not fall all the way to the ground when it fell

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133
Q

What was the first skyscraper and how tall was it?

10 stories

A

Chicago’s home insurance building

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134
Q

Who were the leading architects of the Chicago schools?

A

Louis Sullivan and frank Lloyd

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135
Q

What happened to transportation in the guided age?

A

Mass transit

Traffic problems

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136
Q

Where was ten first subway system?

A

Boston

It went under the harbor

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137
Q

Why did la need an aqueduct?

A

They had no freshwater supply

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138
Q

Who was the head of the aqueduct?

A

William mulholland

139
Q

How long was the chute and where was it from?

A

233 miles long and from owen’s called in the north

140
Q

What happened to the valley?

A

It was sucked dry

141
Q

What did the farmers of Owens valley do?

A

They declared legal was on LA

142
Q

What were some new things that emerged in the field of advertising?

A 
Trademarks and brand names
Catalogs and magazines
Newspapers with pictures
Electric billboards
Blow up things
143
Q

What were the first trading cards?

A

They came with cigarettes

They at first had presidents and business men on them but then switched to baseball players

144
Q

How did Henry Heinz adveritse?

A

He drove around a huge ketchup bottle

145
Q

How many brand names were there at the beginning then the end of the guilded age?

A

121

70,000

146
Q

What was the most popular way for traveling salesmen to scam?

A

Medicine- they put addictive thing in them so that people would co tinge to buy them

147
Q

Where was Heinz from?

A

Germany

148
Q

Where did Heinz settle?

A

Pittsburg Pennsylvania

149
Q

What was the first product that Heinz made?

A

Horse radish

150
Q

What made Heinz different from other companies?

A 
He offered guarantees
He labeled the ounces
He always did the right thing
Practiced the golden rule
Give health care to his employees
Built a library at his factory
Offered fee concerts
Had a clean and well ventilated factory
Had a factory dining room
151
Q

Where did he get the “57 varieties”?

A

He just liked the number

152
Q

Who invented cola and where was he from?

A

John pemberton

Atlanta Georgia

153
Q

What did he put in the soda and why?

A

Cocaine and sugar

The more they drank, the more they wanted

154
Q

Who made coke what it is today?

A

Asa candler

155
Q

What was DNS first change Asa made?

A

Changed the bottle to glass

156
Q

Why did the soda jerks love coke?

A

It came pre mixed

157
Q

Where did Richard Sears work?

A

A railroad depot in Minnesota

158
Q

What was the first thing Sears sold?

A

Pocket watches

159
Q

What did Sears think the best way to reach the country was?

A

A catalog

160
Q

Who did Sears team up with?

A

Alvah C. Roebuck

A jeweler

161
Q

What was one claim Sears made?

A

They had clearly stated prices

162
Q

Why was the most popular city the most popular one for catalogs?

A

Chicago because the trains

163
Q

What did the rural free delivery act say?

A

Sears could ship their catalogs for free once they printed them

164
Q

Describe the catalog

A

500 pages thick
Sold everything
Carried customer testimonials

165
Q

How tallwas the Sears tower?

A

10 stories

166
Q

What were two popular women’s magazines?

A

Harper’s Bazar

The ladies home journal

167
Q

What did you call the first billionaires if you liked them?

A

Captains of industry

168
Q

What did you call fans billionaires if you hated them?

A

Robbed barons

169
Q

Who was the billionaire that was the son of a New York banker?

A

JP Morgan

170
Q

What was interesting anout his dad?

A

He was very conservative and made a small fortune over his lifetime

171
Q

What was JP Morgan’s strategy?

A

He looked for troubled industries and bought them

172
Q

Who was Morgan a disciple of?

A

Fredrick Winslow Taylor

173
Q

What was the process of Taylorism?

A

He watched the process of things and tried to see if every step was done on the most efficient way

174
Q

What was morganizing?

A

He would bring in people who knew about the industry and the previous owner of companies and ask them how it was and what improvement there could be and he paid them for the advice

175
Q

Who was the nation’s first billionaire?

A

JP Morgan

176
Q

What was Morgan’s legacy?

A

He created Wall Street

He donated money to museums of art and medical schools.

177
Q

What did James b. Duke go by?

A

Buck

178
Q

Where was duke from?

A

Prone south

179
Q

What did duke think he could rebuild the south with?

A

Textiles and tobacco

180
Q

What machine did duke buy?

A

An automated cigarette maker

181
Q

What company did he found?

A

The American Tobacco Company

182
Q

What did duke develop?

A

Hydroelectric plants

183
Q

Where was oil found?

A

Western Pennsylvania

184
Q

Which millionaire borrowed money young and bought a small oil refinery?

A

John D. Rockefeller

185
Q

What did rock realize the future was in?

A

Refining not drilling

186
Q

Where was fine oil refi fig capital?

A

Cleveland Ohio

187
Q

What movement was rock a proponent of?

A

Efficiency

188
Q

What happened in the Cleveland massacre?

A

He gobbled up 22 refineries

189
Q

How did rock get rid of the competitor he could not buy out?

A

He bought the railroad tracks that were under the refinery pumps and he told them they had to stop pumping over his property

190
Q

What was the concept of trust?

A

He broke up his company into 100’s of small companies and secretly owned all of them so he didn’t seem too powerful

191
Q

What was horizontal integration?

A

Rock controlled 95% of all the worlds oil refineries and he bought all of the companies related to oil refineries

192
Q

How did he make his industry more successful?

A

He forced railroads to not ship anyone’s oil besides

193
Q

How did standard oils original investors do?

A

They all became multi millionaires

194
Q

What was the interstate commerce act of 1887?

A

It forbade railroads from making special deals with anybody
Specifically for standard oil
The newspaper now had to publish their rates

195
Q

What did the Sherman antitrust act of 1890 say?

A

If a cooperation was deemed by the federal government to be squashing competition, it would have to go to court and defend itself or start to be broken up
They had to prove they were not a monopoly

196
Q

What happened in 1892 to standard oil?

A

If began to be forcibly broken up

197
Q

What was rocks legacy?

A

Rockefeller center
Radio city music hall
Donated to medical causes and researches

198
Q

Where was Andrew Carnegie from?

A

The uk

Scotland

199
Q

Where di Carnegies movie move and why?

A

Pittsburg

Money

200
Q

What did Carnegie notice?

A

The importance of iron in the civil war

201
Q

What did Carnegie hear about?

A

New steel bullet made by Henry Bessemer who found a better way to make steel

202
Q

What was the size of the steel maker Carnegie made?

A

3 football fields

203
Q

How much did steel production improve?

A

Prices dropped by 80%

Production went from 3,000 tons per year to 11 million

204
Q

How many skyscrapers were there in 1902?

A

65

205
Q

Who built the buildings?

A

Roughnecks

206
Q

What was interesting about the way they built?

A

No safety
Paid very well
Died all the time
40% died or were permanently disabled

207
Q

What was one of the biggest architectural feats?

A

The Brooklyn bridge was built

208
Q

How long did the BB take to build?

A

13 years

209
Q

What did the bb connect?

A

Brooklyn and nyc

210
Q

How did the city of NYC prove that it was not gonna collapse?

A

It had the wringling brother circus March their elephants across the bridge

211
Q

Who bought Carnegies business?

A

JP Morgan

212
Q

How much was caenegie’s net worth?

A

1% of the wealth in the country

213
Q

What were Carnegies religious views?

A

Atheist

214
Q

What book did Carnegie write?

A

The gospel of wealth

215
Q

What did Carnegie believe about his wealth?

A

He did not want to leave it to his kids or donate it to charity or anything

216
Q

What did Carnegie do with his wealth?

A

How made libraries because no cities had public libraries

He did it all for free as long as the people promised to keep it maintained and clean

217
Q

What did Carnegie give his money to?

A

Negro charities and Tuskegee institutes

218
Q

How much money is estimates that Carnegie gave away?

A

5 billion dollars

219
Q

What did Henry ford not invent?

A

Cars

220
Q

Who did invent the automobile?

A

Karl Benz

221
Q

Who invented the assembly line?

A

Ransom olds

222
Q

Who made the first cars that used fossil fuels instead of steam power?

A

Duryea Brothers

223
Q

In 1900 how many cars were in the U.S. and what kind of people owned them?

A

8,000 and only the rich who had a mechanic employed on site

224
Q

Why did ford nor have colors on his assembly line?

A

It would slow down the production

225
Q

What was DNS most famous model?

A

T

226
Q

What were other names for the model t?

A

Flipper

Tom Lizzie

227
Q

How quickly could ford say they could crank out s model t?

A

Every 24 seconds

228
Q

How much did model t’s cost?

A

$350

229
Q

What was ford’s greatest accomplishment?

A

He made cars cheap enough for anyone to drive

He mad the first car produced globally

230
Q

Where was Cornelius Vanderbilt from?

A

New York

231
Q

How did Vanderbilt start his business?

A

He borrowed $100 from his mom and started a ferry business between Manhattan and staten

232
Q

How did Vanderbilt run his business?

A

He ignored laws he did not like and he bribed other employees
He went to court thousands of times with shady attorneys
He aggressively pursued government contracts

233
Q

What became vanderbuilt’s nickname?

A

The commodore

234
Q

Who invented the first maritime steam engine?

A

Robert Fulton

235
Q

What did vanderbuilt discover in 1849? And where was it?

A

A shortcut to California

It went through lake Nicaragua

236
Q

What direction did Vanderbilt go with his business?

A

He began to sell his steamship lines and bought railroad lines

237
Q

What breakthrough did Vanderbilt make in the business of railroad lines?

A

He made one gage for size of all tracks

238
Q

What kind of an employer was Vanderbilt?

A

He was terrible. He payed people with his own money and he didn’t even use US dollars sometimes

239
Q

Who was the first man to die richest man on the earth?

A

Cornelius Vanderbilt

240
Q

What was Cornelius’ legacy?

A

He had no friends
Alienated from his wife and kids
He left his things to his son that he felt like was most like him
He was responsible for the early labor unrest in the US

241
Q

Where was the great railroad strike?

A

BNO railroad
West Virginia
It was the headquarters for railroads

242
Q

What did the men on strike do?

A

They began to pry up the rails
Set fire to the depots and bridges
Completely stopped moving coal

243
Q

What did Rutherford b Hayes do in response to the unrest?

A

He thought like a general

He told his commanders to confront the workers and if they did not respond they had the blessing to fire on the workers

244
Q

What happened when they fired?

A

70 people were killed and the riots were over forever

245
Q

Why did the unions arise?

A

They wanted to get unified higher wages
Shorter safer reasonable working hours
End to child labor
Men needed the jobs kids had

246
Q

Why was Ellis island made?

A

For immigrants

247
Q

What did the back of the statue of liberty’s leg do?

A

Broke the chain of tyranny

248
Q

What were there more of in New York that in their home city?

A

Italians in Rome

249
Q

What was the first city to have 1 million people in it?

A

NYC

250
Q

What was the nickname of Chicago?

A

The wild garlic place

251
Q

What were the Jim Crow laws?

A

Segregation laws
Kept all things separate like hospitals, restrooms, schools, libraries ect
Informal laws

252
Q

What case said that things and people should be separate but equal?

A

Please vs. ferguson

253
Q

What case ended the Jim cRow laws?

A

Brown vs board of education

254
Q

What was a minstrel show?

A

White people putting paint on their faces to look black and acted like clowns
MaDe fun of blacks

255
Q

What’s were the two jobs black peoples mainly had?

A

Shoe shiners/porters on trains

Entertainers

256
Q

Where were most of the immigrants from and what was a reason they did not fit in?

A

Eastern and Southern Europe

Religion

257
Q

What were the most rejected immigrants?

A

Irish

258
Q

Where was the only place Irish were welcomed?

A

Boston

259
Q

What were the names of some of the ghettos?

A

Little Italy
Little Germany
Chinatown

260
Q

Why were the Chinese especially hated?

A

They had shifty eyes and could not be trusted

261
Q

What did the Chinese exclusion act of 1882 say?

A

No Chinese people could enter the U.S. and the ones already here could not apply for citizenship

262
Q

What/where was Hell’s Kitchen?

A 
In nyc
A ghetto
Place of extreme poverty
No plumbing or water
Small apartment with large groups of people 
There was no electricity or ventilation
263
Q

Who was Jacob Riis and what did he do?

A

Went into hells kitchen and took pictures

The first pictures of urban slums

264
Q

What was Riis’ book called?

A

How the Other Half Lives

265
Q

How many copies of Riis book were sold?and who was buying them?

A

28 million everyone

The rich

266
Q

What positive things did his book start?

A

Standards and zoning laws
Plumbing
Fire escapes
Sanitation laws

267
Q

Who was america’s first Eco warrior?

A

Colonel George Waring

268
Q

How did waring gain fame?

A

Cleared a swamp in nyc to better conditions that would become Central Park

269
Q

Where was Waring asked to go to help their city and what did he do there?

A

Memphis Tennessee
Designed the first sewer system
Destroyed a yellow fever epidemic

270
Q

What title was Waring given in ny?

A

Street commissioner

271
Q

What was warinf’g strategy?

A

He wanted nothing to do with politics

He treated it like a military operation

272
Q

What were waring’s first steps and how many miles did he need to cover?

A

433 miles
Cleared carts and wagons that were abandoned
Took giant rakes and scraped up pig Manure and other poop
He hired 2000 workers and demanded they wore white uniforms

273
Q

What were 2 of his ideas?

A

Recycling and street sweeping

Landfills

274
Q

Who was Thomas burns?

A

He was the first police superhero

Ny police chief

275
Q

What was the national crime registry?

A

He established a network of sharing information between cities about bad guys

276
Q

What was burns the first to suggest?

A

Psychological profiles on criminals

Mug shots

277
Q

Where was the triangle shirtwaist factory, what happened there, and what did it start?

A

A factory in New York
A fire killed 146 garnet workers who were mainly young women
Doors now open outward
Exit signs

278
Q

What were the crowds of isolation?

A

Charities rose up

Ordinary people began to think about their responsibility to the less fortunate

279
Q

Who founded hull house?

A

Jan Addams

280
Q

What was the purpose of hull house?

A

The purpose was to teach immigrants to assimilate

281
Q

What did null house teach immigrants?

A

How to speak English
How to cook American food
Play American sports

282
Q

What was the WCTU

A

Women’s Christian temperance Union

283
Q

What is temperance?

A

Ban to remove alcohol

284
Q

Why did women was alcohol removed?

A

Their husbands would go out and waste their money on alcohol and come home and do mean things to them

285
Q

Who was carry A Nation?

A

From kc

Huge crusader of alcohol

286
Q

What did nation do?

A

She travelled from city to city on trains and sang Christian hymns, took a Bible and a hatchet and destroyed bars

287
Q

What did the sheriffs do with the women?

A

Nothing because they didn’t know what to do with them

288
Q

What was The national American women’s suffrage association

A

It was for women’s sufferable

289
Q

Who lead the NAWSA?

A

Susan b Anthony

290
Q

What was the YMCA/YWCA?

A

Young men’s Christian association

291
Q

Who was the ymca founded by?

A

British immigrants

292
Q

Why was the ymca made?

A

For young people to have Bible study
Work out
Fellowship
Sort of a hotel

293
Q

What sports have the YMCA kntroduced?

A

Basketball and volleyball

294
Q

Who was the Salvation Army founded by?

A

British immigrants

295
Q

What was different about the Salvation Army from other organizations?

A

They were actually a denomination

296
Q

What was the purpose of the Salvation Army?

A

To bring help to the people in the ghettos

297
Q

Who was in charge of urban ecangelism?

A

Dwight L moody

298
Q

What was a promise that Garfield made during his campaign?

A

He promised to do something about the civil service reform

299
Q

What system did Garfield set up?

A

The patronage spoils system

300
Q

Where was Garfield going and who with when he was at the train station?

A

Robert Todd Lincoln

Going to make a series of speeches in New England

301
Q

What happened at the train station?

A

He was shot twice and fired one hit Garfield in the back and one skimmed his head

302
Q

Who was Garfield shot by?

A

Charles guiteau

303
Q

Who was guiteau?

A

Mentally unstable
Had been stalking Garfield
Phony lawyer, traveling evangelist, and salesman
His family tried to have his institutionalized

304
Q

What did Guiteau say when he shot him?

A

I shot the president, Arthur is the new president

305
Q

How many different doctors did Garfield have?

A

16

306
Q

What did bell bring over to try and help Garfield and why was it unsuccessful?

A

A metal detector

He had metal springs on his bed

307
Q

How long before Garfield died?

A

80 days and died of infection

308
Q

What was Charles doing while he was in jail?

A

Writing letter to the people in the government

309
Q

What did Guiteau tell Garfield?

A

That he owed his presidency to him

310
Q

What was garfield’s legacy?

A

The pedleton service reform act of 1883

311
Q

What is that reform act?

A

You apply and take a test to get a federal government job

312
Q

Who became president after Garfield and what did he do?

A

Charles Arthur
Gave us time zones
Meridian conference gave us them

313
Q

What was the first Union?

A

Knights of labor?

314
Q

What were the Molly Maguires?

A

Irish

Inspiration for the railroad strike of 1877

315
Q

What was the American federation of labor?

A

They were the voice of sub unions

316
Q

What were some problems of the work forces in that time?

A

People went from job to job
Many immigrants had the jobs of American citizens
The mindset of the government was to always take the side of the owner, not the union

317
Q

Who were here workers in the homestead strike?

A

Steel workers of Carnegie

318
Q

Who did Carnegie give his power to when he was out of the country?

A

Henry frick

319
Q

Who were the pinker tons?

A

Detectives and spies

Hired soldiers

320
Q

Who did the pinker tons fire on?

A

The workers who refused to do anthing and were on strike

321
Q

What was the biggest strike?

A

The Pullman strike

322
Q

What did George Pullman own?

A

Sleeper cars

323
Q

What kind of an employer was Pullman?

A

Bad.

He gave them money they could only use in his stores

324
Q

What started the Pullman strike?

A

He cut their wages by 25%

325
Q

Who was the representative for the railroad Union?

A

Ugene V. Debs

326
Q

What did debs do?

A

He told the workers not to move any trains that had Pullman cars on them even though almost all of them did
Cleveland got involved and put the union people in prison

327
Q

Who made the first radio broadcast center and what happened to it?

A

Tesla

It was never completed because he was decades ahead of his time

328
Q

What began to replace cobblestone, boardwalks, and brick surfaces?

A

Concrete

329
Q

What was something Heinz often said?

A

To do a common thing uncommonly well brings success

330
Q

What verse did Heinz live by?

A

Colossians 3:23-24

331
Q

Who is one of the most famous people to live in a Sears kit house?

A

Cowboy actor John Wayne was born in one

332
Q

Who created the very first electric billboard?

A

Edison employee

William hammer

333
Q

Who created the efficiency movement?

A

Fredrick Winslow Taylor

334
Q

Who founded standard oil?

A

John d Rockefeller

335
Q

Who was the principle author of the Sherman anti-trust act?

A

U.S. senator John Sherman

336
Q

What did ford say of the color of cars?

A

You can have any color as long as it’s black

337
Q

Who founded the American federation of labor?

A

Samuel Gompers

338
Q

Who founded the American railway Union and the American socialist party?

A

Eugene V. Debs

339
Q

Who wrote the poem the new colossus?

A

Emma Lazarus

340
Q

What were the first words ever heard in a movie?

A

A minstrel singing a song

341
Q

Who was the nyc police commissioner?

A

Thomas f. Byrnes

342
Q

Who was the apostle of cleanliness?

A

Colonel George waring

343
Q

Who said good morning destroyer of men’s souls?

A

Carry a. Nation

344
Q

What is now where Washington dc’s sixth street rail station was?

A

Try national gallery of art

History (15 decks)

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