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World History Final Flashcards

1
Q

Paleolithic (old stone age)

A
  • Stone, bone, wood tools and weapons - used fire - spoken language - boats - belief in spiritual world - cave paintings - burial of the dead
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2
Q

The Neolithic revolution

A

When nomads went from wandering to farming

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3
Q

The agricultural revolution

A

Gender division of labor and family roles Calendars invented to know when to plant, harvest, etc. Woven cloth, pottery, use of animals for plowing, Villages of Catalhuyuk and Jericho Warriors gain prestige because warfare increases

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4
Q

Bronze

A

First metal to ever be used by people

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5
Q

Smelting

A

To melt metal, to refine it and extract it from the ore.

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6
Q

Hunter/gatherer

A

Some one who hunted animals or gathered natural resources to use

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7
Q

Pre-history

A

Before writing

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8
Q

Domestication

A

Raising of plants and animals

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9
Q

Catal Huyuk

A

One of the first villages in the world

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10
Q

Religious culture and practices Of prehistory and Mesopotamia

A

Prehistory Belief in spiritual world, burial rituals Sumerians - Polytheists, afterlife - Gods controlled everything, especially nature - Gods behaved like people Persians - belief in one God, Ahur-Mazda

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11
Q

Civilization, 5 characteristics

A

Organized gov., complete religion, job specialization, social classes, writing

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12
Q

Cuneiform

A

First writing, on clay with symbols representing words

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13
Q

Ziggurat

A

Large temple, priests and priestesses offer sacrifices on top Called the gods mountain

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14
Q

Fertile Crescent

A

Region in middle east named for its rich soils Between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

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15
Q

The two rivers

A

Euphrates and Tigris

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16
Q

Mesopotamia (means in between rivers)

A

The founding place of Sumer, in between the Tigris and Euphrates

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17
Q

City states

A

Political unit that includes a city and its surrounding lands and villages

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18
Q

Polytheism

A

Belief in more than 1 god

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19
Q

Empire

A

Groups of city states or territories ruled by one person

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20
Q

Theocracy

A

A government run by religious leaders

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21
Q

Hammurabi

A

King of Babylon, had all laws written down and coded for the first time in history

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22
Q

Sumerians

A

People who lived in Sumer (Mesopotamia) First city-states, first written language (cuneiform), Studied astronomy, created 60 minutes in an hour and Wrote The Epic of Gilgamesh

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23
Q

Akkadians

A

The Akkadians conquered Sumer and built the first empire ever. Ended after its leader, Sargon, dies.

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24
Q

Sargon

A

Leader of Akkad, conquered neighboring city states of Sumer,made first empire

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25
Chronology of the empires of the Fertile Crescent
Akkadians - first empire Babylonians - Hammurabi (laws) Hittites - iron working, horse drawn chariots Assyrian Warriors - King Aaurbanipal created one of the first libraries --------------------at Nineveh Babylonians - Nebuchadnezzer revives Babylonian Empire Persians - Cyrus the Great & Darius 1st (laws, roads, money economy ------------with coins, one God Ahura Mazda)
26
Gilgamesh
First told in Sumer, describes great Flood that destroyed the world. A collection of tales about Gilgamesh, who may have been a real-life king of the Sumerian city Uruk
27
Ashurbanipal
Assyrian King who created one of the world's first libraries at The city of Nineveh. After his death, the Babylonians take over Mesopotamia again.
28
The Assyrians
Most feared warriors in history, conquered the Hittites, King Assurbanipal created a library at Nineveh.
29
Nineveh
City where King Assurbanipal of the Assyrians, created a vast cuneiform library. One of the world's first.
30
Hieroglyphics-writing system
Hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic Pictures, simple written version of pictures, even simpler writing of writing
31
Nile
Worlds longest river???
32
Akhenaton (he who serves Aten)
Ordered that only Aten could be worshiped, made Atenism
33
Hatshepsut
First female ruler of Egypt
34
Ramses the 2nd
Pharaoh of new kingdom, ruled for 66 years, boasted of victories that might not have happened
35
Tutankhamen (thutmose the 3rd (king tut?) ?)
Stretched Egypt to its greatest lengths ever
36
Amun Re
Head and Sun God, gives Pharos right to rule
37
Mummification
Preservation of dead bodies
38
Neolithic (new stone age)
- farming and domesticated animals - villages - men lead families, politics, economics - warriors prestige - differences in wealth - calendars - better tools, tech.
39
Development of civilizations - rise of cities and civilizations - features of civilizations - changes over time
1. Rise of cities and civilizations - by major rivers, river valleys had plenty of water, silt (good soil) and transportation this led to farming surpluses, jobs besides farming and complex social order 2. Basic features of civilization - government, religion, different jobs (artisans), social classes, architecture, public works, writing 3. Civilizations change over time - environmental (drought, etc.), cultures change (due to war or trade), cities grow to city-states to empires
40
Hittites
Conquered the Babylonians (the first time), first to make iron weapons, horse drawn chariots
41
Hyksos
Foreign invaders that took over Egypt Gov. in 1700 Bc. After 100 years Egyptian leaders rose to power again
42
Papyrus
Paper like material Egyptians used was made from this plant which grows by the Nile
43
Giza
The location of the great Pyramids, made during the old kingdom
44
Osiris
Judges the dead, makes yearly floods that make the soils rich again
45
Isis
Wife of Osiris, Promises life after death Reassembled Osiris's body after he was dismembered.
46
Ma'at
Goddess of truth, justice, and order
47
Ka
Egyptian soul that passes into after life
48
Kadesh
Battle between Hittites and Egypt
49
Kemet
Ancient name of Egypt
50
Howard carter
Man who discovered tuts tomb
51
Imhotep
First Architect, engineer, and physician in history Chancellor of Egypt
52
Djoser
Pharaoh of third dynasty of the old kingdom
53
Anubis
Egyptian God of mummification, funerals, and death
54
Book of coming forth by day
Book of the dead, ancient Egyptian funerary text
55
Obelisk
Egyptian monument that looks like the Washington monument. Often made from a single stone. Placed at the entrances of temples.
56
Old kingdom ( Egypt) 2575-2130 Bc w
Pharaohs first organized the Gov. Made Bureaucracy (system of gov. that includes different job functions) Great pyramids of Giza are made
57
Middle Kingdom (Egypt)
Because of all the crop failures, the money spent on the pyramids, and power struggles, for a century there was only disunity. Then new pharaohs reunited the land. Even thought the Nile didn't rise as regularly and there were many power struggles, Pharaohs managed to make better land and even managed to occupy Nubia for more good farmland. Traders also came across more people. Then, the Hyksos invaded
58
New kingdom (Egypt)1539-1075 Bc
Had many conquests, met more people in southwestern Asia and other parts of Africa. Hatshepsut, Thutmose the 3rd, and Ramses the 2nd ruled during this period. Hittites and Egyptions made piece treaty. Then as the empire slowly declined, the last Egyption dynasty ended as Greeks took control
59
Zoroastrianism
One of the oldest religions, it started when Zoroaster divided the early Iranian gods
60
Migration
Movement from one land to another because of something
61
Muwtallish
King of Hittites during the battle of Kadesh
62
Anatolia
Crossroads of ancient civilizations. Theory that I do European language spread from Anatolia with expansion of agricultural revolution. Located where modern day turkey is, spread to Asia Minor, Troy, Hittites from there, part of the Persian empire, then the Greeks, then the Romans.
63
Where is the Persian empire, Cyrus the Great's empire, Achemaenid Empire?
Cyrus the Great 539 BC. His empire was expanded by Darius the 1st 522-486 BC Achaemenid is the name of the first Persian empire map shown is about 500 BC
64
note capital cities of Babylon, Susa and Persepolis
Insert pic
65
Hittite empire
Primarily Asia Minor (think area by Turkey)
66
Cyrus empire
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World History (9 decks)

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