Workshop 6 - Communication Flashcards
What is verbal communication?
The information being communicated in words
What is a denotative message?
Specific facts associated with a word
What is a connotative message?
Emotions and other associations that are connected to a word
What is non verbal communication?
The flow of messages that are not spoken and written in words
What is a virtual team?
Interdependent groups of individuals that work across time, space and organisational boundaries with communication links that are heavily dependent upon advanced information technologies
What are ‘noises’?
Communication barriers that distort the clarity of the meaning
What are the 6 barriers to communication?
1) Filtering - the sender purposely manipulates or withholds information
2) Selective perception - the receiver selects to see and hear part of the information based on their needs, interests, cognitive biases
3) Emotions and moods - may interpret the message differently depending on their mood
4) Information overload - people have finite capacities when processing information
5) Language barriers - the same word can mean different things to different people
6) Cultural contexts - differences between high and low context cultures
How can the sender improve their communication?
- Communication is based on congruence, not incongruence
- problem oriented not person oriented
- validating not invalidating individuals
- conjunctive not injunctive
- owned not disowned
What is active listening?
A process in which the listener receives messages, processes them, and responds so as to encourage further communication
How can the receiver improve communication?
Probing: by encouraging the speaker to elaborate their point
Reflecting: by mirroring back to the speaker the message as it was heard
Deflecting: by helping the speaker understand the problem or elaborate their point better through the use of analogies and examples
What is a centralised network?
When one or two members within the group are the principle source and target for information
What is a decentralised network?
Information flows through many different members
