Working with Children

Question 1

What is the single most important predictor of 12th grade aspiration?

Answer 1

8th grade aspirations

Question 2

Summarize the Integrative Contextual Model (ICM) of Career Development?

Answer 2

Lapan (2004)
Children and adolescents can develop adaptive, resilient, and proactive approaches to their present and future… if they can accomplish the following tasks:
1. Develop positive career-related self efficacy
2. Form a vocational identity (exploring, planning, setting goals)
3. Prosocial and work readiness skills
4. Better understanding of self and the world of work and how to best fit in the work world
5. Crystallize personally valued vocational interest
6. Empowered to achieve academically and become self regulated learners.

Question 3

What are some activities from ICM that are effective in promoting career development outcomes?

Answer 3

Develop skills related to:

1. social/prosocial/work readiness
2. career exploration
3. person-environment fit
4. goal setting
5. self-regulated learning
6. emotional and instrumental support for overcoming educational and career barriers

Question 4

What are the two factors that held true from elem to high school, high school to enrolling in college, enrolling in college to graduation?

Answer 4

1. Staying in school; no stopping out

2. Challenging curriculum (science and math)

Question 5

Factors related to academic achievement and aspiration? (just name a few)

Answer 5

1. Intelligence (r= .42)
2. Academic Self-Efficacy (stronger SE will do better…)
3. Conscientiousness (more planful, more responsible… will do better)
4. Parenting style (Authoritative, Authoritarian, Lenient; Authoritative is high on both STRICT and INDEPENDENCE)
5. Other parent/family influences
6. Adult mentor (teacher, counselor,…)
7. Teachers- teacher expectations
8. Moving back to authoritativeness; link between authoritative and school performance in urban settings, genders, and racial/ethnic groups

a. No link with Asian boys and girls
b. No link with AA boys
c. Why? Because peer groups association valuing doing well in school—Asians were mostly in groups that value academic achievement and AA boys were the most difficult to find a peer group (close friends) that valued education