Workbook simulation test 1 Flashcards
Shunt malfunction symptom/Signs
- The major signs of shunt malfunction in children are irritability, nausea, and vomiting. Additionally, the therapist may observe changes in behavior or school performance, fever, pallor, visual perceptual difficulties and headaches.
OT observes an individual who is able to place dentures in his mouth, but has difficulty applying dentrue cream to the approprate place on the dentures and attempts to place the cap on teh tube backwards or on the wrong end of the tube.
The OT will interpret this as …
- Constructional apraxia - because of difficulty with object use. May have sensory awareness of the affected side.
if it were ideomotor apraxia and dressing apraxia, the sequencing of the activity would have been impaired.
Innervation of the median nerve
The median nerve passes throught the carpal tunnel at the wrist. Impingement in thei region causes sensory changes in the thumb. index finger, long, and half the ring finger. Prolonged impingement results in atrophy of thenar eminence and weakness of the opponens pollicis.
Which strategy for modifying the environment is most effective for an initial eval for an individual with Obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Limit the time available to answer each question - Individuals with OCD frequently experience time consuming compulsive thoughts and actions. Conduct interviews only in highly structured situations/may not be appropriate for an interview.
- Open ended questions are more difficult to limit time than closed ended questions.
- Limiting environmental distractions is effective for individual with attention deficits.
Types of memory loss
- Anterograde amnesia
- Retrograde amnesia
- Longer memory deficits
- Disorientation
- Anterograde amnesia - inability to recal events after a trauma
- Retrograde amnesia - inability to recall events prior to trama
- Longer memory deficits - storage of information for recall at a later time
- Disorientation - a problemm with awaremess of person, place and time.
It is observed that a 10 month old child is able to sit alone by propping himself forward on his arms, but consistently loses his balance when reaching for a toy
This behavior indicates …
- A developmental delay
- Typically developing children should be able to sit unsupported for several minutes by the age of 8-9 months
An individual who sustained deep laceration of the median and ulnar nerves resulting in sensory loss should expect the return of which sensations first?
- temperature and pain - the sensations of pain antemp are carried along small unmyelinatd nerve fibers. They recover more rapidly than senses carred by larger myelinated fibers. Also the sensation of pain and temp are protective sensory systems which recieve simple info.
- more complex information is carred throught the discriminative system or epicritic system such as the senses of vibration, light touch, proprioception, and tactile localization.
A woman who has suffered a stroke tries but is unable to don a blouse using a one-handed technique. she states “i can do it, I’m just not trying hard enough”
The OT recognizes this as….
- Denial - person may be having difficulties accepting her stroke and is using denial to avoid dealing with it.
- Wrong answers:
- Projection - process in which a person attributes th eunacceptable thought and feelings on to another person
- Rationalization - makes excuses for unacceptable behavior
- Regressions - an individual reverts to infantile or childlike behavior as a way of dealing with a difficult situation.
A child with partial thickness burns 3 days ago. How should the OT approach ADL intervention initially?
- Encourage independent ADLs with minimal reliance on adapted utensils and tools. It is impoartant to avoid an overreliance on adapted equipment so the child can experience full active range of motion when engaged in ADL.
- Compression garments are contraindicated for open wound closure.
When developing play activities for a child with Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis,
the OT has to consider…..(contraindications)
- avoid resistive materials - For JRA, the OT should use tecnhiques for joint portection and energy conservation. resistive materials cush as clay, leather should be avoided to prevent pressure being applied to the joints, which can exacerbate the condition.
other contraindications
- light touch - is precaution for children with tactile defensiveness
- rapid vestibular stim - contraindicated for a child who is prone to seizures
- above body temperatures - avoided for clietns with multiple sclerosis because high temp exacerbate the syptoms.
An intelligent person diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia hospitalized in acute care psychiatric setting.
best type of activite to engage the patient ….
- assempling a complex airplane model requiring the use of detailed directions - it is complicated enought to engage the person intellectually and sustain his interests. it uses controllable materials and requires organization to complete
- avoid competition that can be threatening to a person with this diagnosis
Type of exercise to maintain strength in an intividuals arm after an upper extremity fracture.
- Isometric muscle contractions - it is exercise where without joint movmeent or change in muscle length
- Wrong answers:
- A person who has a castobstructing movement sould be unable to perform exercises requireing change in muscle length
- Isotonic contracitons shorten the muscle length with joint movment
Group programming that is most appropriate in an acute care psychiatric setting for clients who display disorganized thinking
- Directive groups - are highly structured approach. used for patients with psychoses who display disorganized thinking and disturbed functioning.
Goal of assertiveness training
- Process of gradually empowering clients to make their own decisions, request assistance, avoid beign taken advantage of, and provide constructive criticism. Activities to assist in this process need to be graded for success by starting with situations that are less threatening to the client.
Most appropriate splint for a low-level ulnar nerve injury
- Prevents hyperextension fo the MCP joints and allows for MCP flexion.
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