Wood 3 Vocab Flashcards
Controlled Greece from 1600-1200 BCE
Mycenaeans
Controlled Greece until 1600 BCE
Minoans
When did Athens become a democracy? (Although not really, because only free males could vote)
In 510 BCE
Put them in order: Socrates, Aristotle, Plato
Socrates taught Plato, who taught Aristotle
Cyrus the Great
The first king of Persia. Either he or his son Darius I liberated the Jews from Babylonians exile. He set up a hegemonic political system with governors called “satraps”
What three art forms did the Greeks invent?
Drama, lyric poetry, classical architecture
Why was it easy for the Macedonians to conquer Greece in the 300s BCE?
Because they had weakened themselves by fighting each other in the peloponnesian war(431-404BCE)
Alexander the Great
Took power in 336BCE, died a few years later after taking both Persia and Egypt. After his death his empire was divided to his generals Antigonus(greece+Macedonia), Ptolemy(egypt), Selecus(Persia)
Who ruled Italy before the Romans?
The Etruscans, who ruled from 800-509BCE
When did Rome gain independence as a republic?
509BCE
Rome as a republic…
Senate of patricians, Plebians represented by General assembly(until they revolted and asked for representation, at which point they were given tribunes) and two consuls ruled
Rome under Augustus…(he came to power in 31BCE)
Called himself princeps(first citizen), reformed army and navy. Used “equites” to help him rule( hegemonic government). Made the “law of twelve tables”.
Punic wars
A series of wars between Rome and Carthage(a former Phoenician colony) between 264 and 146BCE
What’s a roman epic poem?
The Aeneid, written by Virgil in 19 BCE
Why did Rome fall?
A series of weak emperors, and a lot of pressure from Germanic tribes. The last emperor was deposed in 476CE
The Qin Dynasty
221-207BCE, liked legalism, well organized w good weapons, Shi Huangdi(First Emperor) standardized law and currency.
The Han Dynesty
206BCE-220CE, Confucian, “mandate of heaven”, had monopoly on silk trade, scholar/bureaucrats(“Shi” or “Mandarin”) were high class, acupuncture was first mentioned in their records, calligraphy was an art form
Aryans
The natives of India, who migrated there in 1000 BCE from Indus River Valley civilizations
Brahmins
Priests and scholars, the top of the Indian caste system
Warriors and government officials, the second level of the Indian caste thing
Kshatriyas
Landowners, merchants, artisans; the third level of the Indian caste thing
Vaishya
Shudra
Peasants, laborers; the fourth and lowest level of the Indian caste thing
Jati
The sub-groups that each Indian caste got divided into between 600BCE and 600CE
The Vedic Age
In India from 1500-500 BCE, after the Vedas(Aryan religious texts)
Upanishads
An Indian body of religious works that spoke about how the individual spirit (atman) could eventually join the Universal Spirit (Brahman)
When did the Mauryan empire
In the 6th century
When did the Mauryan empire collapse?
184 BCE
Which empire came after the Mauryan empire?
The Gupta empire
Persians vs. Greeks
Persians ruled in Anatolia, but the Greeks were sympathetic w the anatolians. Athens aided a rebellion there, so Darius I sent troops. He was defeated by the Greeks at the battle of Marathon. Darius I’s son, Xerxes, tried to kill the Greeks several times and failed.
Color in Sanskirt, the word first used by Portuguese sailors to describe the Indian caste system
Varna
