Chapter 18 Vocab

Question 0

The Crimean War

Answer 0

1853-54, between the ottomans+Britain+france and Russia. Ottomans etc. won.

Question 1

Muhammad Ali

Answer 1

An Egyptian leader who revolutionized Egypt after Napoleon invaded(1798) then drew back. He had European commanders teach his troops, began planning for the Suez Canal(finished in 1869) tried to invade Syria and Anatolia.

Question 2

Tanziamat

Answer 2

A period of reform in the Ottoman Empire, lasting from 1839-1876. It involved military reform, frenchizing of the legal code, the creation of public schools

Question 3

The young Turks

Answer 3

A group of exiled Turks who liked in Paris. They made some army officers stage a coup in 1908, and put a dummy sultan on the throne of the Ottoman Empire

Question 4

The McCartney expedition

Answer 4

George McCartney was the leader, an expedition sent by the British to try and expand trade with china(Britain was annoyed that themselves exported so much silver, not actual commodities to China). Happened in 1792

Question 5

Canton system

Answer 5

A Chinese system that stated that the only port open to outside trade was Canton

Question 6

Opium war

Answer 6

In 1839, between Britain and China, over opium. China took away a lot of British opium inside the port of canton, Britain got mad, waged war. Britain won

Question 7

The unequal treaties of China

Answer 7

Include the “Treaty of Nanking” among others, basically a bunch of unfair treaties that China was forced to take between 1840-60 because of britains superior military power(socioeconomic imperialism!)

Question 8

(Chinese) spheres of influence

Answer 8

How Chinese ports were divided into different areas where certain other powers ruled and could trade

Question 9

Most favored nation status

Answer 9

Chinese gave it to Britain after the unequal treaties.

Question 10

The Taipeng Rebellion

Answer 10

Between 1853-64, lead by Hong Xuiquan, mission: drive out the Manchu bc they’ve lost the Mandate of Heaven

Question 11

Cixi

Answer 11

Crazy empress, opposed reform in China

Question 12

The Boxer Revellion

Answer 12

“Expel the foreign Devils!” In China. Happened after Cixi and the Taipeng rebellion

Question 13

Catherine the Great

Answer 13

Ruled 1762-96, probably killed her husband to get power, was ruthless and wary of change because it would reduce her power.

Question 14

Alexander I

Answer 14

The Russian ruler who beat Napoleon in 1812, and participated in the Congress of Vienna, formed a Holy Alliance with Prussia and Austria, then died.

Question 15

Decembrist revolt

Answer 15

A Russian revolt in 1825. Army officers who wanted reform

Question 16

Zemstvoes

Answer 16

Local Russian political councils, created by Alexander II in the late middle 1800s

Question 17

Intelligentsia

Answer 17

Anti-west groups in Russia who considered western ness inferior. Anarchists, they killed Alexander II

Question 18

Matthew Perry/black ships

Answer 18

The American head of an expedition to Japan in 1853, when he got the Japanese to sign “unequal treaties”. He came in black ships

Question 19

Meiji Restoration: how did it happen?

Answer 19

After Japanese civil was in 1868, some people decided to “restore” the old governement. They placed a fake emperor on the throne, but actually had oligarch behind him called “the cult of the emperor”

Question 20

Meiji Restoration: what did they proceed to do?

Answer 20

Universalized education w Confucian values, reorganized the military and crushed a samurai rebellion in 1877, made a meritocracy w a parliamentary system, industrialized