Chapter 15 Vocab Flashcards
Declaration of Independence
July 4, 1776 signed by a bunch of people declaring independence from Britain.
French and Indian War
A mid eighteenth century power struggle between France and England
George Washington
A North American General who forced British forces to surrender in 1781
Federalist system
A system in which power to delegated between federal and state levels to avoid concentrating all the power in one person’s hands
The French Revolution
A civil war (begun in the 1790s) spawned by the enlightenment, and invigorated by the success of the American Revolution(although its roots were in place before the American). It basically was concerning the fact that there was no parliament, and that children were dying while the Kings were lavish
Bourgeoisie
French middle class and professional people(in the French Revolution)
Estates General
An assembly of nobility, church officials, and bourgeoisie
King Louis XVI
The king of France during the French Revolution. He called the Estates General in 1789, hoping they would endorse his tax reforms
National Assembly
The new french parliament after the first Revolution, who executed Marie Antoinette and her husband
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizens
The French declaration of Independance
Radical Jacobins (french)
Stressed the enlightenment value of equality
Kings supporters (french revolution)
Wanted the king to retain his power
Maximilian Robspierre
The radical french leader, who decided there was no place for a king after the French Revolution, and guillotined him. He made the reign of terror(1793-94), which only ended when he himself was killed
Nationalism
Patriotism, being proud of ones country as a whole
Napoleon Bonaparte
A french general who rose after the French Revolution (because he could, whilst before he couldn’t have because he wasn’t nobility), and staged a coup d’état in 1799, eventually crowning himself emperor in 1804
Napoleonic code
The law code that Napoleon organized after reducing the National Assembly to a rubber stamp. He also assured equal rights and returned property to the church
The battle of Waterloo
In 1815, the British defeated Napoleon here(Belgium). He was exiled afterwards
The congress of Vienna
A congress held in Vienna after napoleons demise, included a bunch of powerful diplomats. They tried to decide what to do with france(eventually decided to re institute monarchy and strengthen the countries around it)
Count Camillo di Cavour
Centralized Italy in the 1800s
Otto Von Bismarck
Centralized Germany in the 1800s
Gens de couleur
Mixed race planter/merchants in Haiti. Played a similar role to the bourgeoisie in France
Toussaint L’Overture
The “black Napoleon”. He defeated napoleons troops and by 1801 made a constitution declaring equality for slaves on the colony of Saint-Domingue. His successors declared Independance from France in 1804
Juntas
Groups of military leaders who ruled for the King of Spain(the one that napoleons instituted after he attacked Spain and Portugal in 1807)
Simon Bolivar
A wealthy creole military officer who revolted in Spanish South America. He revolted in 1810, and ruled until 1830 when his empire crumbled into Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, and Bolivia
How did brazil gain Independance?
When Napoleon invaded Portugal in 1807, the royal family fled to brazil. The king of Portugal declared brazil Independant of Portugal in 1822, and he ruled there.
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
A mexican priest who called for an uprising in 1810
Augustine de Iturbide
A creole military officer in Mexico who declared Independance in 1821. However, he instituted himself as an emperor, so he was killed.
