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OTC > Womens health > Flashcards

Womens health Flashcards

1
Q

bacterial vaginosis:

discharge

A

thin, watery, off-white or discolored, “fishy” discharge

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2
Q

bacterial vaginosis:

symptoms

A

vaginal irritation, dysuria, and itching

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3
Q

bacterial vaginosis:

vaginal pH

A

increased

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4
Q

trichomoniasis:

discharge

A

copious, malodorous, yellow-green, frothy discharge

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5
Q

trichomoniasis:

symptoms

A

pruritus, vaginal irritation, and dysuria

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6
Q

trichomoniasis:

vaginal pH

A

increased

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7
Q

vulvovaginal candidiasis:

discharge

A

thick, white, odorless, “cottage cheese” discharge

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8
Q

vulvovaginal candidiasis:

symptoms

A

erythema, itching, and vulvar edema

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9
Q

vulvovaginal candidiasis:

vaginal pH

A

normal

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10
Q

exclusions for self care of VVC

A
  1. first vulvovaginal episode
  2. recurrent VVC (more than three infections per year or an infection in the past 2 months)
  3. pregnancy
  4. girls < 12 years
  5. fever or pain in the pelvic area, lower abdomen, back or shoulder
  6. corticosteroids, antineoplastic
  7. diabetes, HIV infection
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11
Q

products to treat VVC

A

clotrimazole, miconazole, or tioconazole

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12
Q

duration of treatment VVC

A

1 to 7 days

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13
Q

ADE of VVC antifungals

A

vulvovaginal burning, itching, and irritation

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14
Q

DDI of VVC antifungals

A

miconazole and warfarin

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15
Q

symptom relief of VVC

A

sodium bicarbonate sitz bath, tea tree oil, gentian violet, boric acid, benzocaine + resorcinol

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16
Q

sodium bicarbonate sitz bath

A

provides symptom relief, potentially sooner than antifungal relief

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17
Q

tea tree oil

A

allergic dermatitis risk, antibacterial and antifungal properties

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18
Q

gentian violet

A

used in resistant VVC, soak tampon in dye and insert (1-2 applications per day up to five days), very messy

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19
Q

boric acid

A

used in resistant infections, used 1-2 times daily for 14 days, do not use in pregnancy

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20
Q

vagisil cream

A

can provide relief of itching, but use should be reserved for limited time

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21
Q

exclusions for atrophic vaginitis

A
  1. symptoms of severe vaginal dryness, severe dyspareunia, or bleeding
  2. symptoms that are not localized
  3. vaginal dryness or dyspareunia not relieved by use of personal lubricants
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22
Q

treatment of atrophic vaginitis

A

water-soluble vaginal lubricants

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23
Q

examples of lubricants

A

astroglide, KY jelly, replens

24
Q

use of lubricants

A

regularly if symptoms primarily chronic, about 2 teaspoons externally and internally, do not use petroleum jelly products

25
Q

primary dysmenorrhea:

age at onset

A

typically several years after menarche, often girls age 13-17

26
Q

primary dysmenorrhea:

menses

A

regular with normal blood loss

27
Q

primary dysmenorrhea:

pattern and duration of pain

A

onset just prior to onset of menses; lasts 2-3 days

28
Q

primary dysmenorrhea:

response to NSAID

29
Q

primary dysmenorrhea:

other symptoms

A

fatigue, headache, nausea, backache, irritability

30
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea:

age at onset

A

mid to late 20’s or older, usually patients in 30’s and 40’s

31
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea:

menses

A

irregular and heavy

32
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea:

pattern and duration of pain

A

varies; pain outside of menses

33
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea:

response to NSAID

34
Q

secondary dysmenorrhea:

other symptoms

A

varies, but may include dyspareunia and pelvic tenderness

35
Q

exclusions for dysmenorrhea

A
  1. severe dysmenorrhea or menorrhagia
  2. symptoms inconsistent with primary dysmenorrhea
  3. history of PID, infertility, irregular menstrual cycles, endometriosis, ovarian cysts
  4. use of IUD
  5. allergy to aspirin or NSAIDs
  6. use of warfarin, heparin, or lithium
  7. active GI disease
  8. bleeding disorder
36
Q

first line treatment for dysmenorrhea

37
Q

ibuprofen dosage for dysmenorrhea

A

200-400mg ever 4-6 hours

38
Q

naproxen dosage for dysmenorrhea

A

220-440mg initially; then 220mg every 8-12 hours

39
Q

other treatments for dysmenorrhea

A

aspirin, apap, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin D

40
Q

aspirin

A

effective for mild symptoms but may increase menstrual flow

41
Q

APAP

A

effective for mild symptoms, even high doses of 4 grams are less effective than ibuprofen

42
Q

omega-3 fatty acids

A

lead to decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines

43
Q

vitamin D

A

600 IU daily decreases production of prostaglandins

44
Q

non pharm treatment of dysmenorrhea

A

topical heat, sleep, regular exercise, and avoid tobacco smoke

45
Q

exclusions for treatment of PMS

A
  1. severe PMS or PMDD
  2. uncertain pattern of symptoms
  3. onset of symptoms coincident with use of oral contraceptives or hormones
  4. contraindications in caffeine/pamabrom with theophylline, MAOI, PUD, insomnia, ammonium chloride
46
Q

non pharm treatment of PMS

A

aerobic exercise, dietary modifications, and stress management

47
Q

pharm treatment for PMS

A

pyridoxine, calcium + vitamin D, magnesium, NSAIDS, diuretics

48
Q

pyridoxine

A

improved mood symptoms, limit dose to 100mg daily

49
Q

calcium + vitamin D

A

improvement in mood and physical symptoms, may be initial treatment, calcium = 600 mg BID

50
Q

magnesium

A

may improve irritability, 310-360 mg daily, may cause diarrhea

51
Q

NSAIDs

A

help with physical symptoms

52
Q

diuretics approved for

A

bloating, water retention, weight gain, swelling, and the feeling of fullness

53
Q

approved diuretics

A

caffeine, pamabrom, and ammonium chloride

54
Q

caffeine

A

considered safe and effective at doses of 100-200 mg every 3-4 hours

55
Q

pamabrom

A

derivative of theophylline, most common agent in OTC medications, up to 50 mg four times daily

56
Q

ammonium chloride

A

up to 3g/day in 3 idvided doses for no more than 6 days, contraindicated in renal or liver impairment

OTC (22 decks)

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