insect bites/stings and pediculosis

Question 1

diseases mosquitos carry

Answer 1

• west Nile virus

- zika virus

Question 2

diseases ticks carry

Answer 2

• rocky mountain spotted fever

- Lyme disease

Question 3

serious spider bites

Answer 3

black widow, brown recluse, hobo spiders

Question 4

venomous insects

Answer 4

bees, wasps, hornets, yellow jackets, fire ants

Question 5

allergic response occurs after ____ sting

Answer 5

second sting

Question 6

anaphylactic rxn from sting occurs within

Answer 6

5-30 minutes

Question 7

signs and symptoms of anaphylactic rxn

Answer 7

light headedness, loss of consciousness, fall in BP, choking, wheezing, incontinence, nv, disorientation, difficulty breathing

Question 8

gold standard insect repellant

Answer 8

DEET

Question 9

what product has a strong odor and can be irritating to skin

Answer 9

DEET

Question 10

application of DEET

Answer 10

apply every 4-8 hours

Question 11

do not use DEET on

Answer 11

children less than 2 months old, and use lowest concentrations on children

Question 12

concentrations of 50-100%

Answer 12

for adults only and only for periods of high exposure to insects for long periods of time

Question 13

picaridin

Answer 13

alternative to DEET, less odor and not as irritating to skin

Question 14

permethrin sprays

Answer 14

may be used on clothing and camping gear (not on skin)

Question 15

treatment of insect bite/sting goals

Answer 15

relieve symptoms and prevent secondary bacterial infection

Question 16

exclusion for self care of insect bites

Answer 16

1. systematic symptoms
2. less than two years old
3. suspected spider bite needing medical attention
4. signs of secondary infection

Question 17

exclusion for self care of insect stings

Answer 17

1. allergic reaction
2. allergic response away from site of sting
3. previous stings
4. previous severe reaction to sting
5. personal or family hx or allergic reactions
6. less than two years old

Question 18

non pharm treatment of bites/stings

Answer 18

apply ice pack to area in 10 min intervals and remove stinger ASAP

Question 19

pharm treatment of bites/stings

Answer 19

• local anesthetics
• topical antihistamines
• counterirritants
• hydrocortisone 1%
• skin protectants

Question 20

local anesthetics for bite/sting

Answer 20

decreases pain and itch, apply 3-4 times daily up to 7 days

Question 21

phenol anesthetic should be avoided in

Answer 21

children and pregnancy

Question 22

topical antihistamine in bite/sting

Answer 22

diphenhydramine .5-2%

apply 3-4 times daily for up to 7 days

Question 23

counterirritants in bite/sting

Answer 23

menthol/camphor

3-4 times daily up to 7 days

Question 24

skin protectants

Answer 24

1. zinc oxide
2. calamine
3. titanium dioxide

Question 25

3 types of lice

Answer 25

head, body, pubic

Question 26

presentation of head lice

Answer 26

1. presence of nits 2. nits are greyish and attached firmly 3. hatched nits are lighter in color and easier to locate 4. the presence of black specks (lice feces) can also indicate infestation

Question 27

body lice

Answer 27

usually in individuals who do not shower or change clothing frequently

Question 28

pubic lice

Answer 28

usually spread through sexual contact, toilet seats, shared undergarments, or bedding; can also be found in armpits, eyelashes, and facial hair

Question 29

lice treatment goals

Answer 29

rid patient of lice by killing adult and nymph lice by removing nits from patients hair

Question 30

non pharm treatment of lice

Answer 30

- inspect hair and use nit comb - vacuum carpets and furniture - wash everything in hot water and dry in hottest setting - seal things that can not be washed in bags for 2 weeks - avoid infected individuals

Question 31

exclusions for self care of lice

Answer 31

- hypersensitivity to chrysanthemums, ragweed - less than 2 years old for pyrethrins - less than 2 m/o for permethrins - lice infestation of eyelids or eyebrows - pregnancy or breast feeding - active tumors - lice persists after 2 applications of meds

Question 32

pharm treatment for lice

Answer 32

- synergized pyrethrins | - permethrin

Question 33

indication of pyrethrins

Answer 33

treatment of head and pubic lice | do not use children less than 2 y/o

Question 34

synergized pyrethrins

Answer 34

piperonyl butoxide to increase pyrethrin concentrations with louse

Question 35

moa of pyrethrins

Answer 35

block louses' nerve impulse transmission causing paralysis and death

Question 36

application of pyrethrins

Answer 36

1) apply to dry hair 2) let set for 10 min and then rinse 3) use nit comb 4) two applications required

Question 37

indication of permethrin

Answer 37

treatment of head lice only | do not use on patients less than 2 months

Question 38

moa of permethrin

Answer 38

delays repolarization of sodium channels in louse nerve cells, causing paralysis

Question 39

application or permethrin

Answer 39

1. apply to wet clean hair 2. let sit for 10 min and rinse 3. use nit comb 4. one application required

Question 40

alternative therapies for lice

Answer 40

- lice enzyme shampoos - oil-based products - sodium chloride products

Question 41

pediculosis emerging therapies

Answer 41

DSP and dimethicone