Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MURMURS > womens health > Flashcards

womens health Flashcards

1
Q

best way to measure hyperemesis gravidum

A

pregnancy unique quantification of emesis (PUQE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes of heavy mentsrual bleeding

A
  1. idiopathic - dysfunctional uterine bleed
  2. systemtic - hypothy coagulopathy
  3. local - polyp fibroid PIB cancer
  4. iatrogenic - copper coil warfarin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

abnormal bleeding in the adsence of recognisable pelvic pathology general medical disease of pregnancy

A

dysfunctional uterine bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

symptoms and signs of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

A

irregular heavy periods metromenorrhagia problems with luteal phase due to annovulation
heavy irregular menstrual bleeding and subfertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

impaired positive feedback to the pituitary leads to a failure in LH surge which conditions is this true for

A

PCOS
peri menopausal women
falling oestrogen levels
young teenagers with immature folliciles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What causes annovulatory cycles

A

failure of ovulation in absence of corpus leuteum inaequate luteal phasse means proliferative hyperplastic endometrium therefore heavy irregular bleeding subfertility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are fibroids

A

leiomyomata benign tumours of smooth muscles which protrudde into the uterine cavity increasing the surface area and surrounding structures causing heavy menstrual bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

a) a fibroid inside the muscle
b) protruding inside the uterus like polyp
c) poking the intrcavity but not intra cavity
d) most superficial

A

a) intramural
b) intracavity
c) submucosal
d) subserosal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when would you do a endometrial biopsy

A

with IMB > 40 years old resistant to mediclation to eclude carcinoma endometrial hyperplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

managment of HMB when is tranexamic acid contraindicated

A

in people with previous thromboembolitic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the three indications for mirena

A

contraception
primary menhorrhagia
endometrial protection against HRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how does hormonal contraception work

A

thickens mucus thin the epithelium and inhibits ovulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

the organism that causes syphilis

A

treponium pallidum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

progress of syphilis

A
  1. Chancre - non painful ulcer SWAB HERE
  2. rash nodule immune reaction
  3. cardiac cns nodules gumma SEROLOGY DONE AT 3
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what would you seen unders a microscope if you swabbed a chancre

A

(dark microscope corkscrew spirla shaped microscope seen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what would you find in syphilis screening and screening will be used

A

antibodies to cardiolipin - this is the bodies non specific response to treponumal disease one of which is syphilis. these levels fall after treatment so are best markers for active disease eventhough it may not be specific

VDRL needed to interpret the microscope and RPR is a quick card based test read without microsocpe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Confirmatory tests in syphilis screening - specific to syphilis

A

specific trempemal tests TPHA and FTA-ABS

these are used together with the screening test to deduce whether the patient has syphilis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Can IGM and IGG tests be used for syphilis

A

yes will detect congenital syphilis but IGM cannot cross the placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

if both screening and confirmatory test for syphils were positive what would happen

A

request a second sample. given antibitotics as the treament. if syphilis was found in confirmatory tests and not screening the lab would say infected with sypilis at some point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

pt with history of syphilis non painful ulcer on left labia but small and doesnt need swab VDLR and RPR negative

A

repeat tesing later as antibody response has not yet started

21
Q

pt with untreated active syphilis would have what type of positive result

A

evry test will be high even treponemal IgM

22
Q

pt treated with syphilis years ago how to check this

A

low screening test high confirmatory tests

23
Q

in an elderly confused patient the consults asks to check for syphilis why

A

neurosyphilis can mimic dementia untreated or unsucessful treatment can lead to confusion and would show serology tetisng similar to oatietn with active disease . A lp can check for treponium antibodies in CSF

24
Q

IMB investigations 5

A
  1. pregnancy test
  2. cervical smear and triple swabs
  3. endo cervix (x2) and high vaginal
  4. USS and endo biopsy
  5. imaging for pelvic mass
  6. Colposcopy and biopsy - exclude endo ca
25
Q

post coital bleeding is more common in what type of cancer

A

cervical cancer

26
Q

endometrial ca treatment

A

totla abdo hysperectomy and bilateral sapingoophrectomy
radiotherapy vaginal brachytherapy or external beam radiotherapy
chemo in advanced disease

27
Q

presentation of ovarian ca

A

low abdominal pain and bloating

28
Q

risk factors

A

anything that would have lead to an increase in the no of ovulation e.g. nulliparity brca gene inc age

29
Q

staging of ovarian cancer

A

stage 1- confined to organ
stage 2- local sread but confined to pelvis
stage 3 - spread to abdo but confined to peritoneal cavity
stage 4 - distant spread

30
Q

what are the regional lyph nodes for ovarian ca

A

paraaortic lumph nodea and so if spread here can rapidly pass to stage 4

31
Q

pt with bilateral adenexal mass with small amount of ascities they have multiocular masses with enlargment of the para aortic lymph nodes ca125 = 2000 normal being 0-35

A

ovarian cancer

32
Q

treatment for ovarian cancer

A

debulking and pelvic clearance neoadjuvant chemo with platinum based meds taxane and cisplatin

33
Q

a flagellated protozoal with a incubation period of 1-3 weeks and frofthy green or grey discharge and a strawberry cervix what is the diagnosis and treatment

A

tricomonas vaginalis and metronidaozle is the treatment

34
Q

diferenctial for vaginal discharge with fish smell

A

bacterial vaginitis
retained tampon
trichomonas

35
Q

how to deal with STI in a history

SEX

A

s- screen for other stis
e- education the use of condoms
x- explain about partner notification

36
Q

what is triple testing

A

high vag swab
endocervical dry swab
endocervucal dry swab and urine sample

37
Q

what is high vaginal swab for

A

candida gardnerella bacterial vaginosis and tricomonas

38
Q

what is endocerivcal dry swab for

A

nisseria gonhorrea in the NAAT TEST

39
Q

ENDOCERVICAL DRY SWAB WITH URIN TEST

A

for chylamydia in the NAAT test

40
Q

disease caused by an imbalance of vaginal flora rather than STI and no symptoms in male parner may be triggered by vag touching or sex causes fish diacharge but no itch

A

bacterial vaginosis

41
Q

identification and treatment of bacterial vaginosis

A

clue cells on microscopy and vaginal epithelial cell coated with numerous bacteria typical swab report is heavy growth of anaeobs

treatment is metronidazole and topical clindamycin

42
Q

HPV cancer causing ones

A

16 and 18

43
Q

what happens is cervical smear is positive and how often to screen

A

colposcopy needed and screening is every three years

44
Q

treatment of CIN

A

excision and destriction of affected area at colposcopy large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) Colc coagulation cryptherapy and lazer vapourisation under general anaesthetic cone biopsy

45
Q

treatment of cervical ca.

A

excesion for early radiacal hysterectomy and traclectomy removal of cervical and pelvic lymph nodes with persevation fo the body of uterus for those wanting to persever fertility

46
Q

Classifciation of gynae cancers using…..

A

FIGO classification

  1. local
  2. pelvis
  3. lymph notes/ pelvis walls
  4. whole body mets
47
Q

carcinoma of vulva type and presentation

A

older women with a cut or a itch patch in labia or vestibule squamous cell ca

48
Q

pre cancer of vulva and Rx

A

lychen sclerosis et atophicus rarely melanoma can affect adenocarcinoma of the batholins gland
Rx - radical vulvectomy

MURMURS (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions