women's rights and the campaign for the vote

Question 1

what had happened during the Industrial Revolution?

Answer 1

women had started to work in factories and earn more money than they would have earnt working from home

Question 2

what was the Married Women’s Property Act, 1870?

Answer 2

allowed women to control their own income and property after marriage
previously, their income and property had been under the control of their husbands- meant that previously women were dependant on men

Question 3

when did the organisation of women deserving the vote happen?

Answer 3

in 1897

Question 4

who was Millicent Fawcett the wife of?

Answer 4

the Liberal MP Henry Fawcett

Question 5

what did Millicent Fawcett do?

Answer 5

brought all the groups campaigning for women’s suffrage together to form the National Union of Women’s Suffrage Societies (NUWSS)

Question 6

what did the NUWSS become known as?

Answer 6

the Suffragists

Question 7

what methods did the Suffragists use?

Answer 7

peaceful methods- meetings, speeches, posters and letters

Question 8

what happened in 1903?

Answer 8

Emmeline Pankhurst- a member of the Manchester branch of the NUWSS decided it was time to take more direct action

Question 9

what did Emmeline Pankhurst and her two daughters do?

Answer 9

they formed the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU)

Question 10

what were Emmeline Pankhurst’s daughters called?

Answer 10

Sylvia and Christabel

Question 11

what did Emmeline Pankhurst’s daughters believe in?

Answer 11

“deeds not words”

Question 12

who was Emmeline Pankhurst’s husband?

Answer 12

Richard Pankhurst- he was a lawyer who had written the Married Women’s Property Act

Question 13

what was the WFL?

Answer 13

the Women’s Freedom League- women that broke away from the WSPU as they did not believe in the violent methods

Question 14

what did the women do when the government did not pass an act in 1912 to extend the vote to women?

Answer 14

the NUWSS started a pilgrimage from Carlisle to London

Question 15

who did the Suffragettes have the support of?

Answer 15

the Liberal Prime Minister- Henry Campbell Bannerman

Question 16

what were the Suffragettes tactics?

Answer 16

heckling members of Parliament during speeches
they stood outside the House of Commons and held demonstrations

Question 17

when did they start their stone throwing campaign?

Answer 17

1912
hundreds of windows were smashed
over 200 suffragettes were arrested

Question 18

what other militant tactics did the suffragettes use?

Answer 18

arson attacks
blowing up buildings

Question 19

when did Parliament make another attempt to give women the vote?

Answer 19

in 1913

Question 20

when and where was the Derby horse race?

Answer 20

Epsom in 1913

Question 21

what did Emily Wilding Davidson do?

Answer 21

she deliberately walked onto the racecourse as the horses approached
she died of her wounds in hospital
she became the first martyr of the movement
she was trying to stick a suffragette rosette on the horse but she was trampled as the horse was going too fast

Question 22

what tactics did the Suffragettes use while in prison?

Answer 22

went on hunger strike

Question 23

why did the government pass the Prisoners Temporary Discharge for Ill health Act in 1913?

Answer 23

due to the dangers of force feeding

Question 24

what did this Act allow?

Answer 24

allow them to release the women when they became too weak from starvation
once they had been rehabilitated and were healthy enough to return to prison, they would be re-arrested- “Cat and Mouse Act”

Question 25

why were the Suffragettes beginning to gain criticism for their actions?

Answer 25

many people thought they were preventing women from getting the vote, rather than helping

Question 26

what did the suffragettes actions make them look like?

Answer 26

irrational and unbalanced

Question 27

what did the Liberal Prime Minister (Herbert Asquith) think of women’s votes?

Answer 27

a women’s role was at home, supporting her husband and caring for her children
they did not think politics was a world women belonged in
he believed the decision should only be made if it improved government and the political procress

Question 28

how did the suffragettes earn their nickname “angel of the factory”?

Answer 28

they stopped their militant and violent campaigns

Question 29

which women refused to support the war effort?

Answer 29

the Women’s Freedom League- they were Pacifists so did not want to support the men fighting

Question 30

what roles did women take on during the war?

Answer 30

worked in factories, on farms and even on the front lines as nurses- showed women could do the same jobs as men
also proved women could make clear-headed decisions, not only in factories but in running family businesses and driving ambulances in dangerous circumstances at the front line

Question 31

what was the argument against women not being intelligent?

Answer 31

they could successfully look after the family, run the home and do the jobs their husbands had done

Question 32

what Act was passed in 1918?

Answer 32

the Representation of the People Act in 1918

Question 33

what did this Act of 1918 allow?

Answer 33

allowed all men over the age of 21 to vote and some women over age of 21 (if they owned property) to vote
if women did not have property, they had to be over 30 to vote

Question 34

when were women given the vote on equal terms with men?

Answer 34

1928

Question 35

when did the Women’s Movement happen?

Answer 35

in the 1960’s

Question 36

what did the women in the Women’s Movement want?

Answer 36

equal pay with men
increased numbers of women in higher education
24 hour child care
free contraception
abortion on demand

Question 37

when was the Divorce Reform Act passed?

Answer 37

in 1969

Question 38

what did the Divorce Reform Act allow?

Answer 38

allowed women to divorce their husbands easily and they were entitles to claim any property owned in the divorce settlement

Question 39

when was the Equal Pay Act?

Answer 39

1970

Question 40

when was the Sex Discrimination Act?

Answer 40

1975

Question 41

what did these two acts allow?

Answer 41

gave women more rights and protection in the workplace

Question 42

what did Wilson change in terms of homosexuality?

Answer 42

changed the law so that homosexuality was no longer illegal- he tried to end discrimination against ethnic minorities and he abolished capital punishment