Women's Health

Question 0

Primary invaders for PID

Answer 0

Niesseria gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia trachomatis
Anaerobes (gardnerella vaginalis, mycoplasma hominis)

Question 1

PID uncommon in ..

Answer 1

Pregnancy

Post menopausal women

Question 2

Secondary invaders?

Answer 2

Normal vag flora

Anaerobes
Gram neg organisms

Question 3

Differentials for acute PID

Answer 3

Ectopic preg
Appendicitis
UTI
Complications of ovarian cyst

Question 4

PID complicated by perihepatitis

Answer 4

Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

Question 5

System used to classify PID

Answer 5

Gainesville

Question 6

Look at stages of PID

Answer 6

Actually look mike

Question 7

Indications for hospital admission for PID

Answer 7

Suspected stage 3 or higher
Pyrexia
Nausea or vomiting
Failure of drugs
Local or general peritoneal infection
HIV 
Uncertain diagnosis

Question 8

Oral antibiotics given for PID

Answer 8

Cefixime
Doxycycline
Metronidazole

Question 9

IV antibiotics for PID

Answer 9

Ampicillin
Gentamysin
Metronidazole

Question 10

Most common complaint in gynae

Answer 10

AUB

Question 11

Early menopause

Answer 11

40-48

Question 12

Objective menorrhagia (HMB) is

Answer 12

> 80ml per cycle

60% get anaemia

Question 13

AUB is caused by…

Answer 13

Polyps, adenomyosis, leiomyomas, malignancy, coagulopathy, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial disorders, iatrogenic, not classified

Question 14

Mechanisms regulation endometrial haemostasis

Answer 14

Deficiencies in vasoconstrictors - endothelin 1, prostaglandin f2 alpha
Increase in vasodilators - prostaglandin e2, prostacyclin
Excessive lysis of endometrial clot - excess plasminogen

Question 15

Iatrogenic causes of AUB

Answer 15

Break throu bleeding

MIRENA

Question 16

Patients requiring endometrial sampling

Answer 16

Over 40 with irregular bleeding
Pt with risk factors for Ca
    - prolonged chronic a ovulation
     - fam hx
     - obese

Question 17

Normal endometrial thickness

Answer 17

5mm

Question 18

When give medical management for AUB

Answer 18

No structural or histological abnormalities

Fibroid less than 3cm which do not cause distortion

Question 19

Name anti fibrinolytic drugs

Answer 19

Tranexamic acid(cyclocapron)

Question 20

Name NSAID used for AUB

Answer 20

Mefanamic acid(ponstan)

Question 21

When is endometrial ablation indicated

Answer 21

HMB with uterus less than 10 weeks size

Fibroids less 3cm and no desired fertility

Question 22

When is UAE, myomectomy or hytsterectomy indicated

Answer 22

HMB with fibroids over 3cm

Question 23

Who needs hysteroscopy

Answer 23

Chronic irregular bleeding
Peri menopausal with AUB
Ultrasound suggest fibroid
ET over 5mm
Ongoing bleeding and ET less 5 mm

Question 24

A TOP can be done upon request in first ... Weeks

Answer 24

12

Question 25

TOP between 13 and 20 weeks needs..

Answer 25

Med practitioner who thinks Will pose risk to mum's/fetus physical/mental health Resulted from rape Significantly effect SES

Question 26

TOP after 20 weeks needs

Answer 26

2 medical practitioners who think Threat to women's life Severe malformation of fetus

Question 27

Up to when can medical abortion be done?

Answer 27

9 weeks | Preferably less than 7

Question 28

Medical TOP mechanism

Answer 28

Inhibit progesterone | Stimulate mayo metrical contractions

Question 29

Medical TOP regimen

Answer 29

Mifepristone with misoprostol

Question 30

Complications of med TOP

Answer 30

Heavy vag bleeding Incomplete abortion Endometritis / uterine sepsis Failed med TOP

Question 31

Methods of TOP in second trimester

Answer 31

Dilatation and evacuation | Labour induction

Question 32

Treatment of ectopic

Answer 32

Methotrexate

Question 33

Four common causes of postmenopausal bleeding seen on scan

Answer 33

``` Atrophy Polyps Endometrial hyperplasia Endometrial Ca 50% pathology not found ```

Question 34

Most common pelvic mass?

Answer 34

Leiomyomas (fibroids)

Question 35

Most common cystic mass found in ovary

Answer 35

Follicular cyst

Question 36

Types of functional/physiological cysts

Answer 36

Follicular cysts - failure of follicle to rupture Corpus luteum cysts- hemorrhage into corpus luteum, acute pain (mimic tubal preg) Theca lutein cysts - overstimulation of overies by hCG

Question 37

Look at figo staging of cervical Ca

Answer 37

Look at treatment of different stages

Question 38

Strawberry cervix, frothy green-yellow discharge

Answer 38

Trichomonas

Question 39

Risk factors for candida

Answer 39

``` Menstruation Preg DM Antibiotic Obesity Oral contraception Immunosuppression ```

Question 40

Candida symptoms and signs

Answer 40

Lumpy, cheesy, white Vulva red/purple When wiped causes bleeding

Question 41

Grey white vag discharge, fishy smell, clue cells

Answer 41

Gardnerella (bacterial vaginosis)

Question 42

Chronic concerns in post meno women

Answer 42

Heart disease Osteoporosis Alzheimer's Breast cancer

Question 43

When is it best to start HRT

Answer 43

Within 6 years of menopause | Before age 60

Question 44

HRT decreases risk of

Answer 44

CHD osteoporosis (Breast cancer = dependent on when it is started)