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MCN-LEC > Woman in Labor (2): Signs of Preceding Labor > Flashcards

Woman in Labor (2): Signs of Preceding Labor Flashcards

1
Q

The irregular painless contractions of pregnancy

A

BRAXTON HICKS CONTRACTIONS

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2
Q

The occurrence of these strong contractions, accompanied by engagement and descent of
the presenting, is referred to as ________

A

PRE-LABOR

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3
Q

is the setting of the presenting part in the pelvic brim or inlet. It occurs about two weeks before labor onset in primiparas and just before or during labor in multiparas.

A

LIGHTENING

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4
Q

Is when the head is still movable above the pelvic inlet on palpation.

A

FLOATING

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5
Q

Is the descent of the biparietal plane of the fetal head to a level below that of the pelvic inlet.

A

ENGAGEMENT

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6
Q

During pregnancy, the consistency of cervix is likened to an earlobe and it becomes butter-soft during labor.

A

RIPENING OF THE CERVIX

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6
Q

Is the descent of the fetal head to the inlet to a level that it can no longer be moved.

A

FIXATION

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7
Q

It is caused by the pressure of uterine
contractions and dilatation of the cervix. It is signified by a gush or steady trickle of clear fluid from the vagina.

A

RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES

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7
Q

About two weeks before labor, the woman experiences sudden
weight loss of _____ to ______ that is a result of a decline in progesterone level.

A

2-3 POUNDS

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8
Q

When the cervix dilates, this blood tinged mucus is dislodged from the cervical canal

A

SHOW

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9
Q

What are the signs of preceding labor?

A
  1. Increased Braxton-Hicks contractions
  2. Lightening
  3. Floating
  4. Engagement
  5. Fixation
  6. Ripening of the cervix
  7. Increased level of activity
  8. Weight loss
  9. Show
  10. Rupture of membranes
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10
Q

Its purpose is to assess status of amniotic fluid, consistency of
cervix, effacement, dilatation, presentation, station
and obtain pelvic measurement.

A

INTERNAL EXAMINATION (IE)

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11
Q

when the lowermost portion of the presenting part is at the
level of inlet spines, it is ___ cm station

A

4 cm

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11
Q

Nurses should not perform IE if?

A

the patient is bleeding during labor or has a history of bleeding during pregnancy.

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12
Q

when the presenting part is the perineum, it is __ cm station

A

+3cm

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13
Q

The period from the onset of true labor contractions until full
cervical dilation and effacement is achieved.

A

FIRST STAGE OF LABOR / CERVICAL STAGE

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14
Q

Two important events take place during the first stage labor

A

> CERVICAL DILATATION
EFFACEMENT

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14
Q

1st stage of labor: duration for PRIMIPARA & MULTIPARA

A

10-12 hrs (PRIMI)
6-8 hrs (MULTI)

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14
Q

The first stage of labor is divided into 3 phases:

A
  1. LATENT
  2. ACTIVE
  3. TRANSITIONAL
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15
Q

Which refer to the shortening of the cervical canal from a length of about 1 to 2 cm until it is paper thin.

A

CERVICAL EEFACEMENT

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15
Q

As intensity of contractions become stronger and start to cause pain
and much discomfort, the woman prefers to stay in bed.

A

ACTIVE PHASE

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15
Q

Refers to the enlargement or widening of the cervical canal.

A

CERVICAL DILATATION

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15
Q

This is a reflex where uterine contraction causes dilatation by pulling the cervix over the presenting part.

A

FERGUSON REFLEX

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16
Q

Uterine contractions at this time are mild and short, causing only
minimal discomfort. As such, the client will still feel comfortable
walking around and sitting.

A

LATENT PHASE

16
Q

It is not contraindicated during the
latent phase but discouraged because it
can prolong this phase of labor.

A

ANALGESIA-latent phase

17
Q

2nd Stage Labor: duration for PRIMI & MULTI

A

30 min - 2 hrs (PRIMI)
20-90 min (MULTI)

17
Q

This is the most difficult period for the woman because this is the time when she experiences the most discomfort. The woman may feel discouraged and ask the nurse repeatedly when labor
will end.

A

TRANSITION PHASE

18
Q

This occurs from full cervical dilatation until the birth of the baby. The main event of this period is the birth of the baby

A

SECOND STAGE OF LABOR / EXPULSIVE STAGE

19
Q

A surgical incision of the perineum that is made to prevent tearing of the perineum and to release pressure on the fetal head.

A

EPISIOTOMY

20
Q

An incision through the skin and muscles in the perineum, made during a vaginal delivery.

A

EPISIOTOMY

21
Q

In the second stage of parturition, the
baby is expelled from the womb
through the vagina by both the uterine
contractions and by the additional
maternal efforts of pushing or “bearing
down”.

A

DELIVERY

22
Q

When the head is first visible, it is called _________

A

CROWNING

23
Q

Pressure is applied to the fetal chin

through the perineum at the same
time pressure is applied to the
occiput of the fetal head. This
action aids the mechanism of
extension as the fetal head comes
under the symphysis.

A

RITGEN MANEUVER

24
Q

When the amniotic sac has not ruptured during labor or pushing, the infant can be born with the membranes intact.

This is referred to as _____

A

“being born in the caul”.

24
Q

While the infant is in skin-to-skin contact on the mother’s abdomen, the attendant doubly clamps the umbilical cord.

A

CORD CLAMPING

25
Q

This is the period from delivery of the baby to the expulsion of the placenta. Main event is the expulsion of placenta

A

THIRD STAGE OF LABOR / PLACENTAL STAGE

26
Q

3RD STAGE: duration of labor for PRIMI & MULTIPARA

A

PRIMI: 5-20 mins
MULTI: 5-20 mins

27
Q

2 Methods of placental separation

A
  1. SHULTZ MECHANISM
  2. DUNCAN MECHANISM
28
Q

In this mechanism of placental separation:

⮚ Separation of the placenta starts from the center.
⮚ The shiny and smooth fetal side is delivered first

A

SHULTZ MECHANISM

28
Q

In this mechanism of placental separation:

⮚ Separation begins from the edges of placenta.
⮚ The maternal side is delivered firsts.

A

DUNCAN MECHANISM

29
Q

What do you call the management method of Third Stage Labor

A

AMTSL: Active Management of Third Stage Labor

29
Q

How do you do the AMSTL?

A
  1. Administer Oxytocin (10 IU, IM)
  2. Controlled cord traction
  3. Uterine massage
  4. Cord clamping
30
Q

Alternative of Oxytocin if not available

A

ERGOMETRINE 0.2. mg IM

31
Q

Uterine massage should be repeated every _____

A

15 mins for first 2 hrs

31
Q

It is the first sign of placental separation

A

CALKIN’S SIGN

32
Q

It is employed If the uterus remains contracted and there is no severe bleeding,

A

WATCHFUL WAITING

33
Q

These are drugs that stimulate the uterus to contract and to prevent bleeding

A

OXYTOCIC AGENTS

34
Q

The period from delivery of placenta until the condition of the woman has stabilized.

A

4TH STAGE OF LABOR

35
Q

The main danger during the fourth stage _____

A

HEMORRHAGE

35
Q

Primary PPH occurs when?

A

<24 HRS

36
Q

Secondary PPH occurs when?

A

> 24 HRS UNTIL 6 WKS OF BIRTH

37
Q

4T’s of Primary PPH

A

> TONE
TRAUMA
TISSUE
THROMBOSIS

37
Q

4T’s and its specific causes

A
  1. Tone - atonic uterus
  2. Trauma - lacerations, hematomas, rupture
  3. Tissue - retained tissue
  4. Thrombosis - coagulopathies
37
Q

Uterotonics are routinely given during ))) stage of labor, in all births

A

3RD STAGE

38
Q

It is the repair of episiotomy and laceration

A

EPISIORAPHY

39
Q

Uterine flow consisting of blood, fragments of decidua, WBC, mucus, and some bacteria

A

LOCHIA

40
Q

For the first 3 days, the lochia discharge is mainly red color

A

LOCHIA RUBRA

41
Q

The lochia discharge on the fourth day that is pink or brownish

A

LOCHIA SEROSA

42
Q

Lochia discharge on the 10th day that has a decreased flow and color becomes colorless or white

A

LOCHIA ALBA

MCN-LEC (9 decks)

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