Wk 8.2 Gut & Appetite Flashcards

1
Q

What does the stomach do?

A
  • Expands to receive a meal
  • Holds it for about 4 hours
  • Mixes food with gastricjuice (acid and pepsin)
  • Food is churned to a pulp (chyme) and protein digestion begins
  • Chyme enters the intestines in stages
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2
Q

What does Gastric Emptying from the Stomach depend on ?

A
  • Contraction of antral smooth muscle
  • Opening of the pyloric sphincter
  • Relaxation of the duodenal smooth muscle
    Different in solids and liquids
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3
Q

What is Gastric Emptying from the Stomach regulated by?

A

Regulated by vagus nerve and hormones(Ghrelin & GLP-1

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4
Q

What is GER ?

A

The gastric emptying rate is a measure of the speed of delivery of gastric contents into the duodenum.

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5
Q

What is gastric emptying?

A
  • Gastric emptying is the process by which the stomach empties its contents into the small intestine
  • Nutrients are absorbed within the small intestine (Mostly)
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6
Q

What are the 4 factors effected by Gastric Emptying?

A
  1. The energy density of the ingested solution
  2. The osmolality and energy content
  3. If the nutrient is a solid or liquid
  4. Volume
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7
Q

What is the difference between full and empty stomach?

A

Full stomach= Decreased levels in Ghrelin & appetite and the CCK,GLP-1,PYY are increased

Empty stomach= Increased levels in Ghrelin & appetite and the CCK,GLP-1,PYY are decreased

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8
Q

What is PYY?

A

peptide released from the ileum and colon
It reguates the Body weight bu reducing food intake (Reducing Appetite)

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9
Q

What is CCK?

A

Cholecystokinin Hormone which stimulates the pancreas for secretion, gall bladder contraction and regulation of gastric emptying

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10
Q

What is GLP-1?

A

Glycoagen like peptide 1 is a hormone also found in diabetes. It stimulates insulin secretion and inhibits the glycoagen secreation.

It also delays gastric emptying

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11
Q

What are methods to measure GER?

A

-MRI
-Ultrasonography
- Gastric aspiration technique
-Breath test method- 12c Isotope
-Scintigraphy- radioisotope

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12
Q

How is the Gastric aspiration technique preformed and what does it show?

A

-Insertion of tube into stomach and non-absorbable phenol red dye

  • Determines the gastric secretion rate and volume to calculate the total gastric content
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