Wk 4 TIA Flashcards
What does TIA stand for?
Transient ischemic attack
TIA is related to __ disease
cerebrovascular
What is the definition of TIA?
Acute, focal cerebral insufficiency that lasts less than 24 hrs
What is the typical duration of a TIA?
Less than 60 mins with no residual effects
TIAs usually involve __ vessel that gets occluded or clotted off
ONE
What is a stroke?
Neurological deficits lasting longer than 24 hours
How can a stroke be diagnosed?
On CT scan, blood in brain tissue
TIAs are more common in what gender?
Males
If someone has a TIA, this puts them at higher risk for…
a stroke within 1 month after the TIA
Someone experiencing a TIA will present differently depending on…
which vessel is involved
A person with recurrent TIAs will have the same…
symptoms with each TIA
TIA onset and recovery are both __
abrupt
TIAs follow a vascular line meaning…
symptoms are associated with location of defect
TIAs can present like a disorder called __ __
Bell’s palsy
What is Bell’s palsy?
Patient presents with drooping face or mouth because of paralysis of the facial nerve
A person with Bell’s palsy will also be evaluated for…
TIA
Can someone recover from Bell’s palsy?
Yes
If someone has a TIA in the carotid area, what will they present with?
DYSPHAGIA (difficulty swallowing)
Numbness
Weakness, heaviness in contralateral arm, leg or face
Ipsilateral monocular vision loss
Where is the vertebrobasilar area?
Located in the back of the brain
If someone has a TIA in the vertebrobasilar area, what will they present with?
DYSPHASIA (difficulty speaking) vertigo blurry vision ataxia ipsilateral face contralateral body
What does ipsilateral mean?
Staying on the same side
What does contralateral mean?
Crossing over the midline
What is important to look at with someone who has had a TIA?
history and physical
What should you be looking for on the history & physical of a patient who has had a TIA?
Identify any pattern, history
Any vascular problems
Why would we do a CT on a patient with a suspected TIA or stroke?
To rule out hemorrhagic stroke or lunar infarcts
Why would we do a MRI/MRA on a patient with a suspect TIA or stroke?
Assess for aneurysms, dye used
Why are carotid Doppler studies done?
To see if there is any build up in the carotid arteries that could be reducing blood flow to the brain, carotid stenosis
What else might they do to assess a TIA?
Echocardiogram to See if there is a cardiac issue
If a patient is having a TIA, what anticoagulants might they be prescribed?
Low-dose aspirin
clopidogrel (anti-platelet)
If the TIA is cardiac related, what might the patient be prescribed?
Warfarin and heparin
When is a carotid endarterectomy indicated?
70% stenosis of the carotid artery
What is a carotid angioplasty?
Carotid artery is opened up with a balloon and then filter is placed to catch any plaque that may break free
