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Pathopharmacology II > Wk 1 Aneurysms > Flashcards

Wk 1 Aneurysms Flashcards

1
Q

What is an aneurysm?

A

Abnormality in the wall of an artery, and the wall will start to expand and cause a bulge which is the aneurysm

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2
Q

Aneurysms are consistent with __

A

hypertension

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3
Q

High blood pressure causes the vessel to dilate causing the vessel wall to..

A

get thicker and it can burst causing an aneurysm

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4
Q

What may be heard over an aneurysm?

A

Bruits

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5
Q

What are the most common areas for aneurysms?

A

Aorta and cerebral arteries

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6
Q

Aneurysms cause __ blood flow and are susceptible to rupture

A

turbulent

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7
Q

What does a saccular aneurysm look like?

A

wide neck, bulbular

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8
Q

What does a fusiform aneurysm look like?

A

hangs around the entire artery

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9
Q

What does a pseudo aneurysm look like?

A

where blood gets in between the walls of the artery

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10
Q

What is a triple A?

A

aortic abdominal aneurysm

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11
Q

Triple As are either

A

infra or supra renal

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12
Q

What is a directing aortic aneurysm?

A

Blood gets in between the layers of the vessel and rips the layers apart

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13
Q

A more localized tear in the layer of the wall

A

pseudo aneurysm

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14
Q

Balloon shaped aneurysm

A

saccular

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15
Q

What is characteristic of a saccular aneurysm?

A

Wide neck, involves only one part of circumference

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16
Q

What is characteristic of a fusiform aneurysm?

A

Involves entire circumference of vessels, more gradual progression, and has potential extensive involvement

17
Q

What is a berry aneurysm?

A

Subtype of a saccular aneurysm, smaller neck

18
Q

Where are berry aneurysms typically located?

A

In the cerebral arteries at bifurcations

19
Q

What is the most common place to see berry aneurysms?

A

Circle of Willis

20
Q

What is the Circle of Willis?

A

Connection between anterior and posterior circulation at the base of the brain

21
Q

Localized dissection or tear in the artery wall

A

pseudo aneurysm

22
Q

Pseudo aneurysms are types of

A

hematomas

23
Q

Pseudo aneurysm can be the result of a…

A

vascular intervention procedure

24
Q

A triple A can be seen on abdominal assessment and felt as…

A

pulsating mass. But should not be deeply palpation

25
Q

What is an aortic dissection?

A

tear down the aorta, separate from an aneurysm

26
Q

What does an aortic dissection feel like?

A

Sudden severe, tearing pain

27
Q

What are the early symptom of an aortic dissection?

A

Blood pressure is elevated

28
Q

What are the late symptoms/signs of an aortic dissection?

A

BP unobtainable
Syncope, hemiplegia, paralysis of lower extremities
CV collapse, shock, then death

29
Q

What are emergency medications used during an aortic dissection?

A

Beta blockers

Nitrates

Pathopharmacology II (12 decks)

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