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A&P Vet Tech > Wk 2 Vocab > Flashcards

Wk 2 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Abduction

A

Joint movement, extremity is moved away from the medial plane of the body.

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2
Q

Acetabulum

A

The socket portion of the ball-and-socket hip joint. Formed at the junction of the ilium, ischium, and pubic bone of the pelvis.

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3
Q

Adduction

A

Joint movement, extremity is moved toward the medial plane of the body.

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4
Q

Antebrachium

A

the part of the arm or forelimb between the brachium and the carpus

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5
Q

Articular cartilage

A

the smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints

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6
Q

Articular process

A

projections of the vertebra that serve the purpose of fitting with an adjacent vertebra.

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7
Q

Atlas

A

bone in your neck. It’s the first one, and it serves the purpose of allowing your head to move backward and forward.

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8
Q

Axial skeleton

A

made up of the bones in your head, neck, back and chest.

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9
Q

Axis

A

forms the pivot upon which the first cervical vertebra (the Atlas), which carries the head, rotates

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10
Q

Bone marrow

A

found in the center of most bones and has many blood vessels. There are two types of bone marrow: red and yellow.

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11
Q

Brachium

A

the arm, specifically the upper arm from shoulder to elbow.

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12
Q

Brachycephalic

A

having a relatively broad, short skull (usually with the breadth at least 80 percent of the length

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13
Q

Calcaneal tuberosity

A

a raised projection located between the tendons of the peroneus longus and brevis.

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14
Q

Calcitonin

A

A hormone formed by the C cells of the thyroid gland. It helps maintain a healthy level of calcium in the blood.

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15
Q

Canaliculi

A

a small channel or duct

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16
Q

Cancellous bone

A

spongy bone or trabecular bone, is characterized by its spongy, porous, honeycomb-like structure and is typically found at the ends of long bones.

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17
Q

Carpus

A

the group of small bones between the main part of the forelimb and the metacarpus in terrestrial vertebrates. The eight bones of the human carpus form the wrist and part of the hand, and are arranged in two rows

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18
Q

Cartilaginous

A

of a vertebrate animal) having a skeleton of cartilage

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19
Q

Circumduction

A

the circular (or, more precisely, conical) movement of a body part, such as a ball-and-socket joint or the eye.

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20
Q

Condyle

A

a rounded protuberance at the end of some bones, forming an articulation with another bone

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21
Q

Costal cartilage

A

The costal cartilages are bars of hyaline cartilage that serve to prolong the ribs forward and contribute to the elasticity of the walls of the thorax. Costal cartilage is only found at the anterior ends of the ribs, providing medial extension

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22
Q

Diaphysis

A

the shaft or central part of a long bone.

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23
Q

Diarthroses

A

A diarthrosis joint is a freely moving joint characterized by its mobility and joint cavity within a synovial membrane encased in the joint capsule. Diarthrodial joints are also known as true joint or movable joint, or synovial joint, that allows free movement of the joints.

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24
Q

Digit

A

The digits have a universal labeling system using the anatomical position of the hand (palm facing anteriorly) as reference. Going from lateral to medial, they are named thumb (digit 1), index finger (digit 2), middle finger (digit 3), ring finger (digit 4) and little finger (digit 5).

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25
Q

Dolichocephalic

A

having a relatively long skull (typically with the breadth less than 80 [or 75] percent of the length).

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26
Q

Endosteum

A

; The endosteum lines the Haversian canal and all the internal cavities of the bone

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27
Q

Epiphyseal plate

A

The growth plate, also known as the epiphyseal plate is a thin layer of cartilage that lies between the epiphyses and metaphyses, and is where the growth of long bones takes place

28
Q

Epiphysis

A

the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft

29
Q

Extension

A

any of the muscles that increase the angle between members of a limb, as by straightening the elbow or knee or bending the wrist or spine backward.

30
Q

Flexion

A

bending movement where the angle between two parts decreases.

31
Q

Foramen

A

an opening, hole, or passage, especially in a bone

32
Q

Fossa

A

a depressed area; usually broad and shallow.

33
Q

Glenoid cavity

A

shallow osseous element that is structurally deepened by a fibrocartilagenous rim, the glenoid labrum, that spans the osseous periphery of the vault

34
Q

Greater trochanter

A

large, irregular, quadrilateral eminence and a part of the skeletal system.

35
Q

Greater tubercle

A

the most lateral bony point of the humerus

36
Q

Hard palate

A

The front, bony part of the roof of the mouth.

37
Q

Haversian canal

A

any of the minute tubes which form a network in bone and contain blood vessels

38
Q

Haversian system

A

The Haversian canals surround blood vessels and nerve fibers throughout the bone and communicate with osteocytes. The canals and the surrounding lamellae

39
Q

Hematopoiesis

A

the process of creating a wide variety of blood and bone marrow cells, namely erythrocytes, platelets, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes

40
Q

Hock

A

the joint in a quadruped’s hind leg between the knee and the fetlock, the angle of which points backward.

41
Q

Hyoid bone

A

a small U-shaped (horseshoe-shaped) solitary bone, situated in the midline of the neck anteriorly at the base of the mandible and posteriorly at the fourth cervical vertebra

42
Q

Joint capsule

A

isolates and covers the entire joint. It consists of two layers, an outer fibrous layer and an inner layer known as the synovial membrane. Also known as the synovium, it consists of a synovial lining and the supporting stromal tissue. It produces synovial fluid that lubricates the joint

43
Q

Joint cavity

A

contains synovial fluid, secreted by the synovial membrane (synovium), which lines the articular capsule

44
Q

Joint space

A

narrowing occurs, the cartilage no longer keeps the bones a normal distance apart.

45
Q

Lacrimal bones

A

a paired facial bone located in the medial wall of the orbit

46
Q

Ligament

A

fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable

47
Q

Manubrium

A

the broad upper part of the sternum of mammals, with which the clavicles and first ribs articulate.

48
Q

Medullary cavity

A

the hollow part of bone that contains bone marrow.

49
Q

Olecranon process

A

consists of bone of proximal ulna from base of coronoid process (

50
Q

Ossification

A

the natural process of bone formation. : the hardening (as of muscular tissue) into a bony substance

51
Q

Periosteum

A

fibrous sheath that covers bones.

52
Q

Process

A

bulging bony outgrowth of a larger bone.

53
Q

Rotation

A

the action of rotating around an axis or center

54
Q

Sesmoid bone

A

a small bone that is commonly found embedded within a muscle or tendon near joint surfaces,

55
Q

Spinous process

A

a bony projection off the posterior (back) of each vertebra.

56
Q

Suture

A

immovable or fixed joints consisting of a thin layer of dense fibrous connective tissue, which are found between all the bones of the skull except the mandible.

57
Q

Synarthroses

A

an immovably fixed joint between bones connected by fibrous tissue (for example, the sutures of the skull)

58
Q

Synovial fluid

A

a thick liquid located between your joints

59
Q

Tarsus

A

a cluster of seven articulating bones in each foot situated between the lower end of the tibia and the fibula of the lower leg and the metatarsus.

60
Q

Tibial crest

A

the insertion point for the straight patellar tendon and it forms as a separate centre of ossification.

61
Q

Trabeculae

A

each of a series or group of partitions formed by bands or columns of connective tissue, especially a plate of the calcareous tissue forming cancellous bone

62
Q

Transverse process

A

a small bony projection off the right and left side of each vertebrae.

63
Q

Trochlea

A

a structure resembling or acting like a pulley, such as the groove at the lower end of the humerus forming part of the elbow joint

64
Q

Volkmann’s canal

A

any of the small channels in bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and that lie perpendicular to and communicate with the haversian canals

65
Q

Xiphoid

A

the most distal edge of the sternum or the breastbone

66
Q

Zygomatic bones

A

The zygomatic bones are a pair of diamond-shaped, irregularly-shaped bones that protrude laterally and form the prominence of the cheeks, a portion of the lateral wall, the orbit floor, and some portions of the temporal fossa and infratemporal fossa.

A&P Vet Tech (10 decks)

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