Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHAM01 > Wk 11: OTC GI (IBS, Constipation, haemorrhoids, N+V, diarrhoea) > Flashcards

Wk 11: OTC GI (IBS, Constipation, haemorrhoids, N+V, diarrhoea) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the symptoms of IBS?

A
  • Bloating
  • Alternating constipation/diarrhoea
  • Abdominal pain
  • Rectal fullness
  • Incomplete evacuation
  • Nausea, back pain, urinary freq.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When should IBS treatment be offered?

A

If condition previously diagnosed by Dr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is given for constipation in IBS?

A

Anti-spasmodic: relaxes intestinal smooth muscles

  • Mebeverine
  • Hyoscine butylbromide
  • Peppermint oil

CI: paralytic ileus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is given for diarrhoea in IBS?

A
  • Loperamide
  • Dec bowel motility + stool freq.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is given for both constipation + diarrhoea in IBS?

A

Ispaghula husk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the counselling points for IBS?

A
  • Record triggers
  • Don’t rush meals
  • Balanced diet w/ fluids
  • Regular exercise
  • Relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When should a patient be referred when suffering from IBS?

A
  • > 2wks
  • Blood ins tool
  • Not diagnosed by dr
  • Fever
  • Unexplained weight loss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the causes of constipation?

A
  • Change in eating habit
  • Red fluid
  • Lack exercise
  • Depression
  • Pregnancy
  • Refuse urge to pass stool
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the 1st line treatment for constipation?

A

Alter diet + lifestyle + inc fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Give an example of a bulk forming laxative

A
  • Ispaghula husk
  • 24-72 hrs
  • Not before bed/frail elderly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give examples of stimulant laxatives

A

Stim nerve endings:

  • Senna: 8-12hrs
  • Bisacodyl + sodium picosulphate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is an osmotic laxative?

A

Retain fluid in bowel so stims peristalsis + form loose stool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give examples of osmotic laxatives

A
  • Magnesium sulphate/hydroxide: 3hrs
  • Lactulose/macrogol: 72hrs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give an example of a faecal softener

A

Docusate sodium: 1-3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which laxatives are CI in breastfeeding + pregnant women?

A

Stimulant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do you refer a patient suffering from constipation?

A
  • Unable to work
  • Children w/ ill symptoms
  • Blood in stool
  • Severe pain>2 days
  • Weight loss
  • Diarrhoea
  • N+V
17
Q

What are haemorrhoids?

A

Varicose dilations of veins in lower part of large intestines/anus - engored w/ blood

18
Q

What are the causes of haemorrhoids?

A
  • Anal infection
  • Sports
  • Sitting/standing for long period
  • Pregnancy
  • Constipation
  • Laxative abuse
19
Q

What are the symptoms of haemorrhoids?

A
  • Itching perianal area
  • Can be painful
  • Sharp pain on defecation
  • Bright red stool
20
Q

What are the treatment for haemorrhoids?

A
  • Anusol
  • Prep H
  • Germoloid

+ hydrocortisone

21
Q

What are the counselling points for haemorroids?

A
  • Hygiene
  • Diet
  • Avoid straining/ scratching
  • Laxatives
  • Inc activity
22
Q

When do you refer someone with haemorrhoids?

A
  • > 3wks
  • Internal anal pain
  • Rectal bleed
  • Drug induced constipation
  • Recurrent piles
23
Q

What are the causes of nausea + vomiting?

A
  • Viral/bacterial
  • Inner ear disorder
  • Migraine
  • Motion sickness
  • Meningitis
  • Digoxin, theophylline, NSAIDs
24
Q

What are the counselling points for nausea + vomiting?

A
  • Offer electrolyte replacement
  • Sip little water often
  • Avoid dairy/greasy food 24 hrs
25
Q

What are the counselling points for a pregnant woman with morning sickness?

A
  • Frequent small meals
  • Ginger
  • Sea bands
26
Q

When do you refer someone with nausea + vomiting?

A
  • Projectile
  • W/ blood
  • Weight loss
  • babies <12months + symptoms >24hrs
  • <3yrs + elderly + symptoms > 48hrs
  • Diabetic
27
Q

What are the causes of diarrhoea?

A
  • Bacterial/viral
  • Food allergies
  • Diet change
  • Stress
  • IBS, Diabetes, hyperthyroidism
28
Q

What can be given to someone with diarrhoea?

A

Oral rehydration sachets:

  • Keep 1hr/24hrs if in fridge
  • Sip little + often
29
Q

What are the counselling points for diarrhoea?

A
  • High fluid intake
  • Babies: sterilised bottles
30
Q

When do you refer someone with diarrhoea?

A
  • Weight loss
  • Blood in stool
  • Persistent mucus in stool
  • Symptoms worsen
  • Alt di + constipation
31
Q

When do you refer an elderly with diarrhoea?

A
  • Symptoms >48hrs
  • Chronic
  • Recurrent
  • Fatigue/pain > 2days

PHAM01 (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions