Wk 1 infection control Flashcards
Define Infection
The invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or microorganisms; results in disease (WITH tissue damage/invasion)
Define Colonization
Presence and growth of microorganisms within a host WITHOUT tissue invasion or damage
(has potential to become infection but not necessarily)
Define Communicable disease
The infectious process transmitted from one person to another
Define Symptomatic
Clinical signs and systems are present
Define Asymptomatic
clinical signs and symptoms are NOT present
Cycle of agent or pathogen
infectious again reservoir portal of exit mode of transmission portal of entry host (susceptible)
process of infection (four stages)
Incubation- appearance of 1st symptom
Prodromal- onset of non specific- more specific symptoms
Illness
Convalescence- acute symptoms disappear
infection Defense (4)
Normal Flora
Body Systems Defenses
Organs
Inflammation
What does HAIS stand for?
Healthcare Associated Infections
What is HAIS defined
From delivery of health services in a health care facility
What patients are at risk for HAIS?
Multiple illnesses
Older adults
Poorly nourished
Compromised immune system
Type of HAIS? (3)
Iatrogenic- from a procedure
Exogenous- from microorganisms outside the individual
Endogenous- when the patient’s flora becomes altered and an overgrowth results
Factors influencing infection prevention and control?
Nursing knowledge base
Age Nutritional status Stress Disease process Treatments or conditions that compromise the immune response
Nursing process (assessment) for patient infection education
Assessment includes a thorough investigation
- defense mechanisms, susceptibility and knowledge of how infections are transmitted
- review of systems, travel history
- immunizations and vaccinations
- early recognition of risk factors
Define isolation/precautions
Isolation is the separation and restriction of movement of ill person with contagious diseases
Barrier precautions
Standard precautions
isolation precautions: airborne, droplet, contact, and protective environment
Define surgical asepsis
procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms, including pathogens and spores from an object or area
Examples of surgical asepsis
performing sterile procedures Donning and removing caps, mask and eye wear opening sterile packages preparing a sterile field pouring sterile solutions surgical scrubs applying sterile gloves donning a sterile gown
