Wk 1 infection control

Question 1

Define Infection

Answer 1

The invasion of a susceptible host by pathogens or microorganisms; results in disease (WITH tissue damage/invasion)

Question 2

Define Colonization

Answer 2

Presence and growth of microorganisms within a host WITHOUT tissue invasion or damage
(has potential to become infection but not necessarily)

Question 3

Define Communicable disease

Answer 3

The infectious process transmitted from one person to another

Question 4

Define Symptomatic

Answer 4

Clinical signs and systems are present

Question 5

Define Asymptomatic

Answer 5

clinical signs and symptoms are NOT present

Question 6

Cycle of agent or pathogen

Answer 6

infectious again
reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
host (susceptible)

Question 7

process of infection (four stages)

Answer 7

Incubation- appearance of 1st symptom
Prodromal- onset of non specific- more specific symptoms
Illness
Convalescence- acute symptoms disappear

Question 8

infection Defense (4)

Answer 8

Normal Flora
Body Systems Defenses
Organs
Inflammation

Question 9

What does HAIS stand for?

Answer 9

Healthcare Associated Infections

Question 10

What is HAIS defined

Answer 10

From delivery of health services in a health care facility

Question 11

What patients are at risk for HAIS?

Answer 11

Multiple illnesses
Older adults
Poorly nourished
Compromised immune system

Question 12

Type of HAIS? (3)

Answer 12

Iatrogenic- from a procedure
Exogenous- from microorganisms outside the individual
Endogenous- when the patient’s flora becomes altered and an overgrowth results

Question 13

Factors influencing infection prevention and control?

Nursing knowledge base

Answer 13

Age
Nutritional status
Stress
Disease process
Treatments or conditions that compromise the immune response

Question 14

Nursing process (assessment) for patient infection education

Answer 14

Assessment includes a thorough investigation

• defense mechanisms, susceptibility and knowledge of how infections are transmitted
• review of systems, travel history
• immunizations and vaccinations
• early recognition of risk factors

Question 15

Define isolation/precautions

Answer 15

Isolation is the separation and restriction of movement of ill person with contagious diseases
Barrier precautions
Standard precautions
isolation precautions: airborne, droplet, contact, and protective environment

Question 16

Define surgical asepsis

Answer 16

procedures used to eliminate all microorganisms, including pathogens and spores from an object or area

Question 17

Examples of surgical asepsis

Answer 17

performing sterile procedures
Donning and removing caps, mask and eye wear
opening sterile packages
preparing a sterile field
pouring sterile solutions
surgical scrubs
applying sterile gloves
donning a sterile gown