wk 1 formative

Question 1

Which layer of the uterine wall is responsible for regenerating the tissue that is lost during menstruation?

Answer 1

stratum basalis

Question 2

Which time point does the ovaries contain the greatest number of germ cells?

Answer 2

7 months gestation

Question 3

What is the structure called that forms from the follicle following ovulation, contains theca and granulosa derived cells, and continues to produce progesterone for about 2 weeks post-ovulation?

Answer 3

corpus luteum

Question 4

A 30-year-old pregnant woman undergoes a routine ultrasound scan. The scan reveals a normal pregnancy, however she has two uteri.

What is the most likely embryonic explanation?

Answer 4

incomplete fusion of paramesonephric duct

Question 5

In males, which structure develops to form the vas deferens (ductus deferens)

Answer 5

mesonephric duct

Question 6

In females, which structure develops to form the superior portion of the vagina?

Answer 6

paramesonephric duct

Question 7

A couple attend an infertility clinic. She has had a hysterectomy as management for grade 1b endometrial cancer. All infertility investigations are normal, including normal female ovarian reserve and semen analysis.

What treatment option should be discussed?

Answer 7

surrogacy

Question 8

A couple attend an infertility clinic. The man had a vasectomy 5 years ago and was shown to be azoospermic following this.

What treatment option should be offered initially?

Answer 8

ICSI treatment with sperm obtained by surgical sperm aspiration

Question 9

A couple attend an infertility clinic. Investigations for the man show he has obstructive azoospermia.

Which genetic condition is the most likely cause of this condition?

Answer 9

cystic fibrosis

Question 10

A 28yo female and 30yo male have been actively trying to conceive for the past 2 years, without success.

What proportion of couples require assessment of infertility in the UK?

Answer 10

1 in 6

Question 11

A couple are undergoing IVF and are booking to attend for embryo transfer.

At which stage in embryo development is embryo transfer most successful?

Answer 11

blastocyst

Question 12

A couple present with a 5 year history of unexplained infertility. What is the best course of treatment?

Answer 12

IVF

-> After 3 years of unexplained infertility, the chance of spontaneous fertility is low and therefore IVF treatment is recommended.

Question 13

A couple present to discuss assisted conception options. The man has had a vasectomy 3 years ago. What is the best option?

Answer 13

surgical sperm retrieval + ICSI

Question 14

A woman presents with multiple small painful ulcers on her genitalia and a flu-like illness. She is unable to urinate due to discomfort. You suspect Herpes Simplex infection.

What is the best course of treatment?

Answer 14

aciclovir

Question 15

A couple have undergone investigations for infertility, which has shown the cause to be due to male factor. What proportion of patients undergoing infertility treatment are a result of male factor?

Answer 15

30%

Question 16

where does spermatogenesis occur in a testicle?

Answer 16

seminiferous tubules

Question 17

A woman presents in her 3rd trimester with pelvic pain. What structures relax in pregnancy, which could be contributing to her pelvic pain?

Answer 17

pelvic inlet

Question 18

You are observing a woman in the 2nd stage of labour. You can see the vertex advancing. Which structures on the fetal skull outline the vertex?

Answer 18

anterior + posterior fontanelles + parietal eminences

Question 19

A non-sexually active woman presents with a vaginal discharge which contains bubbles and has an offensive smell.

What is the most likely infection?

Answer 19

bacterial vaginosis

Question 20

You review a patient in clinic with abnormal menstrual bleeding. Following a thorough assessment, you diagnose dysfunctional menstrual bleeding. What proportion of women with abnormal uterine bleeding will be caused by dysfunctional uterine bleeding?

Answer 20

50%

Question 21

Changes in the Endometrium in the luteal phase are direct effect of which hormone?

Answer 21

progesterone

Question 22

How long does the luteal phase last in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 22

14days
-> luteal phase is fixed at 14days

Question 23

A 70 year old woman presents with vaginal bleeding. An examination is performed and endometrial biopsy is obtained. What information is NOT required when submitting an endometrial biopsy for examination?

Select one:
Age
Date of last menstrual period
Hormonal therapy
Pattern of bleeding
Number of pregnancies

Answer 23

number of pregnancies

Question 24

Following a dilation and curettage for a missed miscarriage the pathology report states that this is a “complete hydatidiform mole” (CHM).

What is this at higher risk of turning in to, when compared with partial moles?

Answer 24

choriocarcinoma