wk 1- cross infection

Question 1

List 4 infection control regulating bodies

Answer 1

1. Public Health Act 2005
2. Australian Standards and AUS/NZ standards
3. NHMRC - AUS guidelines for the prevention and control of infection in healthcae (2019)
4. Podiatry Board of Australia

Question 2

types of Transmission of Infection and the differences (3)

Answer 2

Contact- indirect or direct (equipment/environment, hands, infection, ingestion)

Droplet- aerosol within 1.5m

Airborne- suspended in air, long distances over 1.5m

Question 3

List infection control processes (actions within the role that require infection control) 8

Answer 3

1. environment
2. equipment
3. cleaning/handling
4. packaging
5. sterilising
6. loading and unloading of sterilisers
7. quality management
8. storage and handling

Question 4

Why is infection control necessary? 4

Answer 4

1. ensuring an effective risk management program for patient care and health of staff
2. requires surveillance, prevention measures and staff training
3. reduces risk of patients/staff acquiring health care infections
4. hospitals- random surveillance + mandatory regular training

Question 5

List the chain of transmission 6

Answer 5

1. Agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. Mode of transmission
5. Portal of entry
6. Susceptible host

Question 6

Hand hygiene in the clinic- what key things to remember 5

Answer 6

1. Hand wash on arrival (1 min)
2. Consistent use of the 5 moments of hand hygiene
3. Handwash required when hands are visibly soiled
4. Alcohol hand rub when hands aren’t visibly soiled, easy quick use.
5. Hand wash when leaving clinic (1 min)

Question 7

Glove use in the clinic - key things to remember 3

Answer 7

1. Change gloves: between different patients, between different body sites, if care involves touching unsterilised equipment like computers
2. sterile gloves only for surgical procedures/ sterile sites
3. single use gloves always discarded immediately after

Question 8

What are the main roles of a health care worker for patient centered care and infection control?

Answer 8

1. consider patients needs at every level
2. explain using multimedia risks of treatment, their health status, prevention strategies and other important information to patient
3. encourage their involvement in decision making about their health

Question 8

What are the main roles of a health care worker for patient centered care and infection control?

Answer 8

1. consider patients needs at every level
2. explain using multimedia risks of treatment, their health status, prevention strategies and other important information to patient
3. encourage their involvement in decision making about their health

Question 9

what are addition things to consider as a health care worker when incorporating patient centered care? 4

Answer 9

1. benefits vs harms of treatment
2. Evidence and its critical appraisal (certainty)
3. Preference and values of patient
4. resources and other considerations

Question 10

Moving from chlorhexidine to a non bactericidal agent why?

Answer 10

benefit vs harms. An antimicrobial isnt necessary for a variety of treatments such as nail clippings etc. These actions dont require removal of all bacteria.

Question 11

Clinical cleaning- what is used for non acute and acute settings

Answer 11

non acute- just detergent to clean
acute- detergent followed by a disinfectant

Question 12

list the 4 Standard and Transmission based precautions and the difference with PPE

Answer 12

standard- PPE, hand hygiene, waste management, aseptic technique, respiratory etiquette, sterilisation, routine environment clean, sharps management
Contact- gloves, gown
Droplet- level 2 surgical mask minimum
Airborne- p2 Mask minimum or N95

Question 13

order of donning

Answer 13

hand hygiene
gown
mask
hand hygiene
eyewear
gloves

Question 14

order of doffing

Answer 14

gloves
hand hygiene
eyewear
gown
mask
hand hygiene

Question 15

what is implicit bias

Answer 15

assumptions a person makes unconsciously or unintentionally based off individual experiences and perceptions.

Question 16

difference between implicit and explicit bias

Answer 16

implicit- involuntary
explicit- aware of the biases

Question 17

The Pendleton Model - consultation model, what does it include 4

Answer 17

understand the problem
understand the patient
achieve a shared understanding of the problem
share decisions and responsibilities

Question 18

The Byrne-Long model - consultation model, what does it include 6

Answer 18

1. the doctor forms rapport with the patient
2. the doctor tries to elucidate for the patient having attended the surgery
3. the doctor performs a verbal or phsyical examination or both
4. the doctor (perhaps with, or without the patient) considers the problem
5. ” makes a plan
6. the consultation ends, usually by the doctor finishing it (90% of the time by saying goodbye, handing over a presciption or getting up)

Question 19

Person centred medicine model

Answer 19

1. explore the disease and the illness experience
2. exploring the whole person
3. finding common ground

Question 20

Calgary-cambridge model

Answer 20

1. initiating the session
2. gathering information
3. physical information
4. explanation and planning
5. closing the session