Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CSW > Wine Components, Faults, Varietals > Flashcards

Wine Components, Faults, Varietals Flashcards

1
Q

Define Wine.

A

Wine is the fermented product of grapes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What creates the character and complexity of wine and where do they come from?

A

Chemical compounds.
a) the grapes themselves
b) fermentation and wine-making
c) chemical reactions before or during fermentation, or as a result of aging.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the 5 major components of wine?

A
  1. Water
  2. Alcohol
  3. Acid
  4. Sugar
  5. Phenolic Compounds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What percentage of wine is typically comprised of water?

A

80-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the water found in wine mostly come from?

A

Grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How much of wine is TYPICALLY comprised of alcohol?

A

10-15%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the primary alcohol found in wine?

A

Ethyl Alcohol or Ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What secondary alcohols are sometimes found in wine?

A

a) Methyl Alcohol or Methanol
b) Glycerol
c) Fusel Alcohols/Oil or Higher Alcohols

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a volatile compound?

A

One that evaporates easily.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What component of wine most often contributes “weight” or “body”?

A

Alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are “legs” or “tears” and what usually causes them?

A

Slow or fast-moving drops that appear on the inside of a glass after a wine is swirled; slower-moving tears can be caused by higher alcohol.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percentage of wine is generally comprised of acids?

A

.5-.75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are 2 major and 2 minor acids found in GRAPES?

A

1) Tartaric
2) Malic
3) (Citric)
4) (Succinic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are 3 acids produced during fermentation?

A

1) Lactic
2) Acetic
3) Succinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the strongest acid, in terms of PH, found in wine?

A

Tartaric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What acid has a tendency to form solid crystals and how can it be prevented?

A

a) Tartaric
b) Cold Stabilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Grapes from what climate are generally high in malic acid?

A

Cool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the flavor profile of malic acid?

A

Tart green apples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What winemaking process softens the taste of malic acid?

A

Malolactic Fermentation or Conversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe Citric Acid?

A

Present in very small amounts in grapes, sometimes used to increase total acidity during wine making, has a notable citrusy flavor not suitable for quality wines.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the catalyst for malolactic conversion?

A

Lactic Acid Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the characteristics of lactic acid in wine?

A

Soft, smooth, creamy or buttery mouthfeel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What causes high levels of acetic acid?

A

Usually a chemical reaction between ethanol and oxygen caused by acetobacter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe the taste of acetic acid.

A

Vinegar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What characteristic distinguishes acetic acids from other acids?

A

It’s volatile.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Which acid is both a product of winemaking and found in grapes themselves?

A

Succinic Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Describe the taste of succinic acid.

A

Sharp, bitter, salty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the two measures of acid in wine and what do they measure.

A

Total Acidity, which measures volume and pH, which measures strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the pH of most wines?

A

Between 2.9 - 3.9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What kind of scale is pH measured on what does that mean?

A

Logarithmic, so the lower the number, the stronger the acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What measure determines sulfur additions during winemaking?

A

pH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Grapes contain what percentage of sugar AT HARVEST?

A

15-28%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What two sugars are found in roughly equal amounts in grapes?

A

Glucose and Fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What is a monosaccharide?

A

A “simple” sugar which can be converted into alcohol by yeast without being broken down first.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What does “dry” mean with respect to a wine?

A

A wine with less residual sugar than a person can detect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is RS

A

Residual sugar, or sugar remaining after fermentation, measured as a percentage or g/l.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are three terms for phenolic compounds?

A

phenolics, polyphenols or polyphenolics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Name five phenolic compounds found in wine.

A

1) Anthocyanins
2) Flavonols
3) Tannins
4) Vanillin
5) Resveratrol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What characteristic do anthocyanins contribute to wine?

A

Color in red wine, ranging from blue to purple to red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Red wines with higher acidity appear more _____________.

A

Red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What color pigment do flavonols contribute to white wine and what causes them to increase?

A

a) Yellow
b) Sunshine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Name 4 places in which tannins can be found?

A

1) Seeds
2) Skins
3) Stems
4) Oak

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Tannins are a natural _________________ that protect wine from _________________ during the aging process.

A

a) preservative
b) oxidation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the aromatic quality of Vanillin and where does it come from?

A

a) Vanilla
b) oak barrels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Vanillin _______________ with light levels of toast and __________________ with heavier levels of toast.

A

a) increases
b) decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is resveratrol and where is it primarily found?

A

a) a compound with beneficial health effects
b) skins and seeds of grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is polymerization and how does it pertain to wine?

A

Chains of molecules phenolic compounds such as tannins tend to form in bottle. Over time, the chains become too heavy and drop out of suspension, which changes the characters and sometimes increase the complexity of the wine with age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What are 4 additional components of wine?

A

1) Esters
2) Aldehydes
3) Dissolved gases
4) Sulfites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is an aldehyde and what is the most common example of one?

A

a) the combination of an alcohol and oxygen
b) Acetaldehyde, common in Sherry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What are esters and what is a common example of one?

A

a) The combination of an acid and an alcohol
b) ethyl acetate, the combination of ethanol and acetic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What are two dissolved gases found in wine and where do they come from?

A

a) O2, the atmosphere, can cause oxidation
b) C02, fermentation, contributes petillance or carbonation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Why do all wines contain SOME trace of sulfites?

A

It’s a natural by-product of fermentation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Wine containing greater than __________________ of sulfur dioxide must state “Contains Sulfites” on the label.

A

10 ppm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What causes “cork taint”?

A

Mold that interacts with other compounds and generates the compound 2,4,6-trichoroanisole, or TCA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

How many bottles are thought to be affected by TCA and at what levels can it be detected?

A

a) 1-8%
b) 2-7 ppt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What effect does TCA have on wine?

A

Taste and aroma of moldy cardboard or wet dog

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What are three sulfur-based causes of off-odors in wine?

A

1) SO2 - Sulfur Dioxide
2) H2S - Hydrogen Sulfide
3) Mercaptan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What effect does excess SO2 have on wine?

A

Odor of burnt match, burning sensation in the throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

How does pH relate to the perception of SO2?

A

The more acidic the wine, the greater the perception of SO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What is the effect of excess H2S on wine?

A

Odor of rotten eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What causes excess of H2S in wine?

A

Absence of oxygen, sometimes prolonged contact with yeast sediment in barrel or tank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is Mercaptan and how does it affect wine?

A

a) combination of sulfur and ethanol.
b) odor of garlic or onions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What are 5 off-odors in wine relating to bacteria?

A

1) acetic acid - vinegar
2) butyric acid - rancid butter
3) lactic acid - sauerkraut or goat
4) ethyl acetate - nail polish remover or glue
5) geranium fault - crushed geraniums

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is VA?

A

Volatile acidity, the pronounced aroma of white vinegar caused by acetic acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is ascensence?

A

High VA combined with high ethyl acetate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What is ethyl acetate?

A

An ester formed through the reaction of ethanol and acetic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What causes geranium fault?

A

The metabolism of sorbic acid (from the preservative potassium sorbate) during malolactic fermentation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is Brett and what effect does it have on wine?

A

a) Short for Brettanomyces, a yeast found in and around wineries
b) sweaty, horsy, band-aid, medicinal odors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Why would a wine be described as “green”?

A

Odor of leaves, caused by young, underripe grapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

What is the effect of “oxidation” on wine?

A

Muted fruit character, browning; not always a flaw, can contribute a nutty, caramelized character

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

What does it mean if a wine is described as “maderized”?

A

Cooked or baked quality, caused by excess exposure to heat or oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

What causes a wine to smell “moldy” or “rubbery”?

A

a) presence of mold on grapes or barrels
b) low-acid, excess sulfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What does “stagnant” mean with respect to wine?

A

Stale water odor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

What does “stemmy” mean with respect to wine?

A

Bitter, green odor of grape stems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

What causes the odor of “wet cardboard” in wine?

A

TCA or misuse of filter pads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Describe what is meant by “leesey” or “yeasty”?

A

Wine that’s rested on dead yeast too long; not considered a flaw in many sparkling wines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What does “reductive” mean and what is the effect on the wine?

A

a) absence of oxygen
b) struck match, cabbage, burned rubber

78
Q

TO what genus do grapes belong?

A

Vitis

79
Q

What species of grapes is used in widespread wine making?

A

Vitis Vinifera

80
Q

Where do we believe Vinifera vines originated?

A

The Cacasus Mountain region

81
Q

Name another important species of grape and describe what it’s best used for.

A

a) Vitis Labrusca
b) fresh grape juice

82
Q

Name 3 other species of grapes.

A

Vitis riparia, aestivalis, rupestris

83
Q

Define “species” and provide examples.

A

a) A genetically similar group of plants or animals that share broad characteristics and can reproduce sexually
b) vinifera, labrusca, riparia

84
Q

Define “Variety” and give examples.

A

a) a subspecies
b) Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon

85
Q

Define “Cross” and give examples.

A

a) the offspring of sexual reproduction between two varieties within the same species
b) Cabernet Sauvignon is a cross between Cabernet Franc and Sauvignon Blanc

86
Q

Define “clone” and give examples.

A

a) a plant such as a grape vine reproduced by vegetative propagation. Clones are genetically identical to the parent but sometimes develop their own characteristics
b) Pommard, Dijon, Wadenswil

87
Q

Define “mutation” and give examples.

A

a grape that by successive adaptation develops characteristics unique enough to be considered a separate variety.
b) Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris

88
Q

Define “hybrid” and give examples.

A

a) the result of sexual reproduction between two closely related species.
b) Seyval Blanc, Vidal, Baco Noir

89
Q

What is the difference between international and indigenous varieties?

A

a) International varieties are known throughout the globe and can be grown successfully in a number of countries and climates; ex–Sauvignon Blanc
b) Indigenous grapes primarily thrive in a species region, generally from which they originated; ex–Nebbiolo

90
Q

What are synonyms for indigenous?

A

Traditional, native, autochthonous

91
Q

Define “autochthonous.”

A

indigenous grapes that are the result of natural cross-breeding or natural mutation in a specific area

92
Q

Where is Chardonnay believe to have originated?

A

Burgundy region of France

93
Q

Compare the fruit profile of Chardonnay from a cool climate to that from a warm one?

A

a) Cool - tart, fresh citrus, orchard
b) Ripe - stone, tropical

94
Q

How is Chardonnay often aged?

A

Oak barrels

95
Q

What countries/regions are known for Chardonnay production?

A

France, California, Australia

96
Q

Why is Chenin Blanc considered one of the most versatile grapes?

A

Can be produced in a range of styles, from still to sparkling, bone dry to lusciously sweet

97
Q

What are some aromas unique to Chenin Blanc?

A

Wet wool, chamomile tea, quince

98
Q

What two regions are best known for Chenin Blanc production?

A

a) Loire Valley
b) South Africa

99
Q

What dessert wines are Muscat known for?

A

a) Vin Doux Naturals in Southern France
b) Moscatels from Southern Spain
c) Rutherglen Stickies from Australia

100
Q

Muscat is best known for which wines?

A

Moscato d’Asti and Asti Spumante

101
Q

What regions are best known for Muscat production?

A

California, Asti/d’Asti, Southern France, Southern Spain, Rutherglen

102
Q

What is the flavor profile of Muscat?

A

Orange blossom, grapes, musk

103
Q

In general, how might wines labeled Pinot Grigio and Pinot Gris differ?

A

a) Pinot Grigio, med + alcohol, med - acid, neutral
b) Pinot Gris, med + acid, fuller bodied, med alcohol, some RS, almond, apple, pear

104
Q

What regions are known for Pinot Grigio and Pino Gris production?

A

NE Italy, Alsace, Oregon, California

105
Q

From where does Sauvignon Blanc originate?

A

France–particularly the Loire Valley and Bordeaux.

106
Q

What New World region does Sauvignon Blanc show a particular affinity for?

A

New Zealand

107
Q

What region is know for what tasting note in Sauvignon Blanc?
a) Flint
b) Gooseberry
c) Toast

A

a) Loire Valley
b) New Zealand
c) Bordeaux

108
Q

What is Fume Blanc?

A

Technically synonymous with Sauvignon Blanc in the US, refers to a particular style created by Robert Mondavi in the 60s that is traditionally oak-aged.

109
Q

Name three members of the Muscat family?

A

a) Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains
b) Muscat d’Alexandria
c) Muscat Ottonel

110
Q

What sweet wine is made with Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Sauternes

111
Q

What regions are known for Riesling production?

A

Germany, Alsace, California, Oregon, Finger Lakes, Canada, Australia

112
Q

What tasting notes are unique to Riesling?

A

petrol, lime candy, tennis ball, plastic pool toy, rubber hose

113
Q

What quality of Riesling makes it ideal for German production?

A

It’s ability to ripen in a marginal climate

114
Q

What quality of Riesling lends itself to growth in multiple climates and styles?

A

It’s ability to retain its acidity in many different conditions.

115
Q

Where does Riesling originate from?

A

Germany

116
Q

What is one of the only regions known for producing wines from 100% Semillon?

A

Hunter Valley in Australia

117
Q

Semillon is often blended with ______________ in Bordeaux and ______________ in Australia.

A

a) Sauvignon Blanc
b) Chardonnay

118
Q

Name a unique marker for Semillon.

A

Wax

119
Q

Which grape would have been considered indigenous a few years ago but is now popular in Australia, California, South America, Texas and East Coast US?

A

Viognier

120
Q

Describe Viognier.

A

Rich, viscous, full-bodied, flowers, peach and tangerine

121
Q

What are 2 other terms for Pinot Blanc?

A

a) Pinot Bianco
b) Weissburgunder

122
Q

In which region is Pinot Blanc important and how might it differ from Pinot Gris?

A

a) Alsace
B) Lighter, more exotic

123
Q

Where was Gewurztraminer first recovered and where is it most known today?

A

a) Italian Alps
b) Alsace

124
Q

Describe the unique flavor profile of Gewurztraminer.

A

Flowers, spice, lychee, rose

125
Q

What other name is Trebbiano Toscano known for and why is the variety commercially important?

A

a) Ugni Blanc
2) It’s the principle grape used in Brandy and balsamic vinegar production

126
Q

What is the principle white grape in Argentina?

A

Torrontes Riojano

127
Q

What is the principle white grape in Austria?

A

Gruner Veltliner

128
Q

What are three secondary grape varieties in France–notably Northern Rhone and Burgundy?

A

Marsanne, Roussanne, Aligote

129
Q

What is the principle white grape in Switzerland?

A

Chasselas

130
Q

What is the principle white grape in Hungary?

A

Furmint

131
Q

Besides Riesling, name two important white grapes in Germany.

A

Muller-Thurgau, Silvaner

132
Q

Name the principal grape in Gavi?

A

Cortese

133
Q

Name the principal grape in Soave?

A

Garganega

134
Q

Name the principal grape in Prosecco?

A

Glera

135
Q

Name three varieties from Italy beginning with V, and what region they’re most identified with.

A

a) Vermentino, Sardinia
b) Vernaccia, Tuscany
c) Verdicchio, Marche

136
Q

Name three important white grapes in Greece?

A

a) Assyrtiko
b) Moschofilero
c) Rhoditis

137
Q

What are the principle grapes in Cava production?

A

Xarel-lo, Macabeo, Parellada

138
Q

What is Macabeo called in Rioja?

A

Viura

139
Q

Name 3 important white grapes in Spain?

A

a) Albarino
b) Godello
c) Verdejo

140
Q

Name two white grapes used in Sherry production?

A

a) Palomino
b) Pedro Ximinez

141
Q

Name four white grapes from Portugal?

A

a) Alvarinho
b) Loureiro
c) Arinto
d) Fernao Pires

142
Q

What is Cabernet Franc most known for?

A

Blending partner of Cabernet Franc and Merlot in Bordeaux

143
Q

Name 5 places where Cabernet Franc thrives.

A

1) Loire Valley
2) Bordeaux
3) NE Italy
4) NY/Canada
5) California

144
Q

Describe the flavor profile of Cabernet Franc.

A

Violets, red fruits, bell pepper, tea, tobacco or mushroom; med + acidity, med - tannins

145
Q

Name 3 leading regions for Cabernet Sauvignon.

A

1) Bordeaux
2) Napa
3) Washington State

146
Q

What is the most produced quality grape in the world?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

147
Q

Describe the flavor profile of Cabernet Sauvignon.

A

black fruit, sometimes eucalyptus or bell pepper, cedar box or tobacco; high alcohol and tannins

148
Q

Compare Cabernet Sauvignon from a cool vs warm climate.

A

Cooler: high acid, med alcohol, some red fruit, more herbal
Warmer: med + acid, high alcohol, ripe black fruit

149
Q

Cabernet Sauvignon is ________-ripening grape.

A

Late

150
Q

What does GSM stand for and what is it?

A

a) Grenache-Syrah-Mourvedre
b) a blend popular in the Southern Rhone

151
Q

In what climate does Grenache strive?

A

Hot, dry

152
Q

Describe the profile of Grenache.

A

Red fruit, flowers, med acid, lower tannins, high alcohol

153
Q

Name four regions known for Grenache production.

A

1) Southern Rhone
2) Priorat
3) Navarra (Rose)
4) Australia

154
Q

How does Merlot generally compare to Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Less tannic, less alcohol, fuller, softer mouthfeel

155
Q

Describe the flavor profile of Merlot.

A

Blue fruit, black cherry, coffee, chocolate, med to med + tannins, alcohol, acid, full body

156
Q

In what climate does Pinot Noir thrive?

A

Cool

157
Q

Where is Pinot Noir thought to originate?

A

Burgundy, France

158
Q

What are two other names for Pinot Noir?

A

Pinot Nero, Spatburgunder

159
Q

What are three mutations of Pinot Noir?

A

1) Pinot Gris
2) Pinot Blanc
3) Pinot Meunier

160
Q

Name 5 top regions for Pinot Noir.

A

1) Burgundy
2) Champagne
3) New Zealand
4) California
5) Oregon

161
Q

Describe the flavor profile of Pinot Noir.

A

red cherry, cranberry, mushroom, forest floor, high acid, lower tannins

162
Q

Name 3 regions known for Syrah.

A

Rhone Valley, Australia, Paso Robles

163
Q

What other name is Syrah known by?

A

Shiraz

164
Q

What might be the style differences between a Syrah from Northern Rhone and a Shiraz from Australia?

A

a) Rhone - black fruit, black olive, black pepper, lavender, smoked meat, med + tannin and alcohol, med acidity
b) Australia - jammy black fruit, eucalyptus, dried fruit, high tannins and alcohol, med - acidity

165
Q

What two grapes is Zinfandel probably genetically identical to and who made the finding?

A

a) Primativo (Italy) and Tribidrag (Croatia)
b) Dr. Carole Meredith

166
Q

Name a typical marker of Zinfandel?

A

Raisin

167
Q

Name two markers for Sangiovese.

A

1) Sour cherry
2) Orange zest

168
Q

In _____________, 100% Sangiovese could be used in _________________.

A

a) 1996
b) Chianti

169
Q

What two native grapes is Sangiovese often blended with?

A

a) Colorino
b) Canaiolo Nero

170
Q

Name two unique markers for Nebbiolo.

A

Tar and roses

171
Q

What are two Portuguese synonyms for Tempranillo?

A

a) Tinta Roriz
b) Aragonez

172
Q

What grape is Tempranillo often blended with in Rioja?

A

Mazuelo

173
Q

Name two unique markers for Tempranillo?

A

Strawberry and dust–also coconut from American oak

174
Q

Malbec is known as the __________ wine of _____________.

A

a) black
b) Cahors

175
Q

What minor grape of Bordeaux found celebrity in Argentina?

A

Malbec

176
Q

What is the technical term for Gamay?

A

Gamay Noir a Jus Blanc

177
Q

What region is known for Gamay production?

A

Beaujolais

178
Q

What are two unusual markers for Gamay?

A

Banana and bubblegum

179
Q

Name three regions that grow small amounts of Gamay?

A

a) Loire Valley
b) the Maconnais
c) Switzerland

180
Q

Which red grape is a “teinturier” and what does that mean?

A

a) Alicante Bouschet
b) it has red flesh as well as red skin

181
Q

What is the Spanish name for Alicante Bouschet?

A

Garnacha Tintorera

182
Q

Alicante Bouschet is a cross between ____________ and ________________.

A

a) Grenache
b) Petit Bouschet

183
Q

Alicante Bouschet was first cultivated by _______________ in _______________.

A

a) Henri Bouschet
b) 1866

184
Q

What grape is considered the lost grape of Bordeaux?

A

Carmenere

185
Q

Carmenere has become the signature grape of _____________.

A

Chile

186
Q

What highly tannic red grape is popular in Uraguay?

A

Tannat

187
Q

What inky-colored, high alcohol red grapes is grown primarily in California?

A

Petit Sirah

188
Q

What is Mourvedre called in Spain and Australia?

A

a) Monastrell
b) Mataro

189
Q

What is considered a signature red grape of South Africa?

A

Pinotage

190
Q

Name two popular red grapes from Portugal.

A

a) Touriga Nacional
b) Touriga Franca

191
Q

Name three popular red grapes from Greece.

A

a) Agiorgitiko
b) Xinomavro
c) Mavrodaphne

192
Q

Name two popular red grapes from Germany besides Spatburgunder.

A

a) Zweitgelt
b) Blaufrankish

CSW (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions